Case 2550 User manual
Study SAFETY RULES in the front of this manual thoroughly for the protection of machine and safety of personnel.
THISALERT SYMBOLSIGNALSIMPORTANTMESSAGESINVOLVING YOUR SAFETY.
Readandheedcarefullythesafetyinstructionslistedandfollowtheprecautionsrecommendedtoavoidpotential
risks and to safeguard your health and your safety.
You will find this symbol in the text of this Manual referred to the following key words:
WARNING-Cautionsdirectedtoavoidimproperrepairinterventionsinvolvingpotentialconsequencesforthe
operator’s safety.
DANGER-Thesewarningsqualifyspecificallypotentialdangersforthesafetyoftheoperatororotherpersons
directly or indirectly involved.
IMPORTANTNOTICE
All maintenance and repair interventions explained in this Manual must be performed exclusively by the Service
Organization of the Manufacturer, observing strictly the instructions explained using, whenever necessary, the
recommended specific tools.
Whoever performs the operations reported without following exactly the precautions is responsible on his own, for
the damages that may result.
Neither the Factory nor any Organizations in its Distribution Network, including but not limited to national, regional
or local distributors, are responsible for any liability arising from any damage resulting from defects caused by parts
and/or components not approved by the Factory for use in maintaining and/or repairing products manufactured or
merchandized by the Factory.
In any case, no warranty of any kind is made or shall be imposed with respect to products manufactured or
merchandized by the Factory, when failures are caused by the use of parts and/or components not approved by the
Factory.
2550
CRAWLER DOZER
Service Manual
Print N° 84414739B English
Study SAFETY RULES in the front of this manual thoroughly for the protection of machine and safety of personnel.
AVOID ACCIDENTS
Most accidents and injuries occurring in industry, on
the farm, at home or on the road, are caused by the
failure of some individual to follow simple and funda-
mental safety rules or precautions. For this reason,
MOST ACCIDENTS CAN BE PREVENTED by recog-
nizingtherealcauseandtakingthenecessaryprecau-
tions, before the accident occurs.
Regardlessofthecareusedindesignandconstruction
ofanytypeofequipment,theremaybeconditionsthat
cannot be completely safeguarded against without
interfering with reasonable accessibility and efficient
operation.
A careful operator is the best insurance against acci-
dents. The complete observance of one simple rule
would prevent many thousands serious injuries each
year.
This rule is: Never attempt to clean, lubricate or adjust
a machine while it is in motion.
WARNING
On machines having hydraulically, mechanically
and/or cable controlled equipment (such as
showels, loaders, dozers, scrapers etc.) be certain
the equipment is lowered to the ground before
servicing, adjusting and/or repairing.
If it is necessary to have the equipment partially or
fullyraisedto gainaccessto certain items,besure
the equipment is suitably supported by means
otherthan thehydraulic liftcylinders, cable and/or
mechanical device used for controlling the equip-
ment.
SUMMARY
GENERALITIES SECTION 0
ENGINE SECTION 1
TRANSMISSION-TORQUE CONVERTER SECTION 2
STEERING CLUTCHES - BRAKES SECTION 3
FINAL DRIVES SECTION 4
UNDERCARRIAGE SECTION 5
DOZER EQUIPMENT
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM SECTION 6
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM SECTION7
AIR CONDITIONING UNIT SECTION 8
SECTION 7
SECTION 1
SECTION 6 SECTION 3
SECTION 5 SECTION 2 SECTION 4
SECTION8
FD255
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TITLE PAGE
SAFETY RULES ................................................................................................... I - VIII
TECHNICALDATA TABLES .................................................................................. 1 - 15
GENERALINSTRUCTIONS ................................................................................ 16 - 20
DIAGNOSTICCHECKS ............................................................................................... 21
MEASURE UNITS ....................................................................................................... 22
CLASSIFICATIONOF STANDARD PARTS ................................................................ 22
TIGHTENINGTORQUES ............................................................................................ 23
SECTION 0
GENERALITIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FD255
I
Study this Manual before starting, operating, maintaining, fuelling or servicing the machine.
Read and heed all safety rules before any intervention.
- Be sure all protective guards or panels are in place, and
all safety devices provided are in place and in good
operating conditions.
- Be sure exposed personnel in the area of operation are
clear of the machine before moving it or its attachments.
WALK COMPLETELY AROUND the machine before
mounting. Sound horn. Obey flag man, safety signals
and signs.
- Before starting machine, check, adjust and lock the
operator’s seat for maximum comfort and control of the
machine.
- Fasten your seat belt (when provided).
- Obey all flag signals and signs.
- Dueto thepresence onthemachineofflammable fluids,
never check or fill fuel reservoirs or batteries near open
flames, smoking materials or sparks.
- REMEMBERTHATSTARTINGFLUIDISFLAMMABLE.
Follow recommendations printed on containers and in
the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
- DO NOT PUNCTURE OR BURN CONTAINERS.
- Containers must be stored in fresh, well ventilated
places, out of reach of unauthorised persons. Follow
strictly the instructions provided by the Manufacturer.
- Never use these preducts near open flames, smoking
materials or sparks.
OPERATION
- Do not run the engine of this machine in closed areas
withoutproperventilationtoremovedeadlyexhaustgases.
- Roll Over Protective Structures are required on loaders,
dozers, graders, excavators. NEVER OPERATE ma-
chines without ROPS.
- Makesurethe Operator’s compartment isfreeofforeign
objects, especially if not firmly secured. Never use the
machine to transport objects, unless proper securing
points are provided.
- Check monitoring instruments at start-up and frequently
during operation if the brake pressure gauge sugnals a
pressure lower than the minimum operation value, stop
immediately the machine.
WARNING
SAFETYRULES
- Do not allow unauthorised personnel to operate service
or maintain this machine.
- Do not wear rings, wrist watches, jewellery, loose or
hanging apparels, such as ties, torn clothing, scarves,
unbuttoned or unzipped jackets that can catch on mov-
ing parts. Wear proper safety equipment as recom-
mended for the job. Examples: hard hat, heavy gloves,
earprotection,safetyglassesorgoggles,reflectorvests,
respirator. Consult your employer for specific safety
equipment requirements.
- Keep operator’s compartment, stepping points, grab-
rails and handles clear of foreign objects, oil, grease,
mud or snow accumulation to minimize the danger of
slipping or stumbling.
Clean mud or grease from shoes before attempting to
mount or operate the machine.
- Do not jump on or off the machine. Keep two hands and
one foot, or two feet and one hand in contact with step
grab rails and handles at all times.
- Do not use controls or hoses as hand holds when
climbing on or off machine. Hoses and controls are
movable and do not provide a solid support. Controls
also may be inadvertently moved causing accidental
machine or equipment movement.
- Never attempt to operate the machine or its tools from
any position other than seated in the operator’s seat.
- Keep head, body, limbs, hands and feet inside opera-
tor’s compartment at all times to reduce exposure to
hazards outside the operator’s compartment.
- Be careful of slippery conditions on stepping points,
hand rails, and on the ground. Wear safety boots or
shoes that have a high slip resistant sole material.
- Do not leave the machine until it is completely stopped.
- Check the seat safety belt at least twice a year. If there
are signs of wear or fraying or other signs of weakness
that could lead to failure, replace it.
STARTING
- NEVERSTARTOROPERATEANUNSAFEMACHINE.
Before operating a machine, always ensure that any
unsafe condition has been satisfactorily remedied.
- Check brakes, steering and attachment controls before
moving.Advisethepropermaintenanceauthority of any
malfunctioning part or system.
SAFETY RULES
- Be sure chains and cables are anchored and the anchor
points are strong enough to handle the expected load.
Keep exposed personnel clear of anchor points and
cables or chains.
- DO NOT PULL UNLESS OPERATOR’s COMPART-
MENT OF MACHINES INVOLVED ARE PROPERLY
GUARDED AGAINST POTENTIAL CABLE OR CHAIN
BACKLASH.
- Be alert to soft ground conditions close to newly con-
structedwalls.Thefillmaterialandweightofthemachine
may cause the wall collapse under the machine.
- In darkness, check area of operation carefully before
moving in with machine. Use all lights provided. Do not
move into area of restricted visibility.
- If engine has a tendency to stall for any reason under
load or idle, report this for adjustment to proper mainte-
nance authority immediately.
Do not continue to operate machine, until condition has
been corrected.
- Onmachinessuppliedwithsuctionradiatorfans,besure
to periodically check engine exhaust parts for leaks, as
exhaust fumes are dangerous to the operator.
- In case of enclosed cabs, always let open a discharge
to the outside, to ensure air circulation.
- Operators must know thoroughly the performances of
the machine they are operating.
When working on slopes or near sudden level drops of
the terrain, avoid areas where ground is loose or soft
since rolling-over or loss of control of machine could
result.
- Wherenoiseexposureexceeds90dBAfor8hours,wear
approved ear protection.
- When counterweights are provided, do not work ma-
chine if they have been removed.
- Overtaking manoeuvres must be performed only when
absolutely necessary and unavoidable.
Beware of possible uneven terrains, poor visibility con-
ditions, the presence of other machinery or persons out
of sight.
- Operatethemachineataspeedadequatetotheworking
conditions in the site and slow enough to ensure com-
plete control at all times.
- Check monitoring instruments at start-up and frequently
during operations.
In case of abnormal condition warnings, stop immedi-
ately the machine.
- Neverusethemachineasaworkplatformorscaffolding,
nor other inappropriate operations (i.e pushing railway
cars, trucks or other machines).
- DO NOT CARRY RIDERS ON MACHINE
- Study and familiarize with escape routes alternate to
normal exit routes.
- Seat belts are required to be provided with Roll Over
ProtectionStructuresorcabs.Keepsafetybeltsfastened
around you during operation.
- For your personal protection, do not climb on or off
machine while machine in motion.
- Makesurethatexposedpersonsintheareaofoperation
are clear of the machine, before starting the engine and
operating the equipment. Obey all indications provided
by flags and signals.
- NEVER COAST the machine down grades and slopes
with the transmission in neutral or neutralized, or power
shift type machines, or clutch disengaged on manually
shifted machines.
- Do not operate machinery in a condition of extreme
fatigue or illness. Be especially careful towards the end
of working shift.
- Do not operate machine with brakes out of adjustment.
- Operate the machine at speeds slow enough to ensure
complete control at all times.
- Travel slowly over rough terrain, on slopes or near drop-
offs, in congested areas or on ice or slippery surfaces.
- When backing, always look to where the machine is to
be moved.
Be alert to the position of exposed personnel. DO NOT
OPERATE if exposed personnel enter the immediate
work area.
STOP THE MACHINE.
- Maintain a safe distance from other machines. Provide
sufficient clearance for ground and visibility conditions.
Yield right-of-way to loaded machines.
- Maintainclear visionof areasoftravelorwork.Keepcab
windows clean and repaired.
- When machines are operating in tandem, the pusher
(rear) must be equipped with the appropriate deflectors
toprotecttheunitinfrontfromtheairstreamcomingfrom
the radiator.
- When pulling or towing through a cable or chain, do not
start suddenly at full throttle; take-up slack carefully.
Inspect carefully for flaws or troubles before using.
- Avoid kinking chains or cables. Do not pull through a
kinkedchainorcableto the high stresses and possibility
of failure of the kinked area.
Always wear heavy gloves when handling chains or
cables.
II
SAFETY RULES
- Be alert of people in the operating area of the machine.
When operating a machine, know what clearances will
be encountered, overhead doors, cables, pipes, bear-
ing load limitations of ground, bridges, floors or ramps.
- When roading, find-out what conditions are likely to be
encountered,clearances,trafficcongestion,typeofroad
surfacing, etc.
Beware of fog, smoke or dust elements that obscure
visibility.
- When crossing gullies or ditches, move at an angle with
reduced speed after ensuring ground conditions will
permit a safe traverse.
- Explore the working area to identify potential risks such
as: slopes, overhangs, pits, demolition rubble, fires,
ravines,ditches,softterrain,heavytraffic,crowdedpark-
ing areas, closed ambients. In such conditions, proceed
with extreme care.
- Whenever possible, avoid going over obstacles such as
rough terrain, rocks, logs highly irregular ground, steps,
ditches, railroad tracks. When obstructions must be
crossed,dosowithextremecareatanangle,ifpossible.
Reduce speed, shift-down.
Ease up to the break over point, pass the balance point
slowly on the obstruction and ease down on the other
side.
- Insteepdown-hilloperation,do notallowenginetoover-
speed. Select proper gear before starting down grade.
- Avoid side hill travel, whenever possible. Drive up and
down the slope. Should the machine slipping sideways,
turn it immediately downhill.
- The grade of slope you should attempt will be limited by
factors such as condition of the ground, load being
handled, type of machine, speed of machine and visibil-
ity.
- Thereisno substitute for goodjudgementwhenworking
on slopes.
- Avoid operating equipment too close to an overhang or
high wall, either above or below the machine. Be on the
look-out for caving edges, falling objects and slides.
Beware of concealment by brush and undergrowth of
these danger.
- When pushing-over trees, the machine must be
equipped with proper overhead guarding. Never allow
a machine to climb up on the root structure particularly
while the tree is being felled.
Useextreme carewhen pushingoveranytreewith dead
branches.
- Avoid brush piles, logs or rocks. NEVER DRIVE OVER
THEM or other surface irregularities that brake traction
withtheground,especiallywhen onslopesorneardrop-
offs.
- Bealerttoavoidchangesintractionconditionsthatcould
cause loss of control. DO NOT DRIVE on ice or frozen
ground conditions when working the machine on steep
slopes or near drop-offs.
- Working in virgin and rough terrains is characterized by
the presence of all the perils and risks listed above. In
these conditions, it is emphasised the danger repre-
sented by large tree limbs (possibly falling on the ma-
chine), large roots (acting as a leverage under the
machine when up-rooted causing the roll-over of the
unit) etc..
STOPPING
- When the machine is stopped for whatever reason,
follow the instructions of chapters “Stopping the ma-
chine”and“Stoppingtheengine”oftheOperationand
Maintenance Instruction Manual.
- Always remember to position the transmission drive
control in neutral and engage the control lock to secure
the machine.
- Set parking brake.
- NEVERLEAVETHEMACHINEUNATTENTEDwiththe
engine running.
- Always before leaving the operator’s seat and after
making sure all people are clear of the machine, slowly
lower the attachments or tools flat to the ground in a
positive ground support position.
- Return the controls in neutral position. Place the gear-
shift lever in neutral and shut-off the engine. Lock the
gearshift lever, switch-off and lock the starter switch.
- Park in a non- operating and no-traffic area or as in-
structed.Parkonfirmlevelgroundifpossible.Wherenot
possible, position machine at a right angle to the slope,
making sure there is no danger of uncontrolled sliding
movements. Set parking brake.
- If parking in traffic lanes cannot be avoided, provide
appropriate flags, barriers, flares and signals as re-
quired. Also provide advance warning signals in the
traffic lane of approaching traffic.
- Keep head, body, limbs, hands and feet away from
blade, arms, bucket or ripper when in raised position.
Always disconnect the master switch before any inter-
vention (i.e. cleaning, repairing, maintaining, refuelling
etc.). Do the same when parking for prolonged periods
of time to avoid accidental or unauthorized starting.
- Never lower attachments or tools other than seated in
operator’s seat. Sound horn. Make sure area near the
attachment is clear. Lower the attachment slowly. DO
NOT USE FLOAT POSITION of hydraulic system.
III
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