Megger TDR900 User manual

ime Domain Reflectometer

Megger TDR900

USER’S

MANUAL

Specifications subject to change without notice.

Litho in Korea.

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Basic Specifications

Maximum Range : Depends upon the V.O.P of the cables under test.

12,000 ft (3.7 km)@ V.O.P 99.9 %

9,800 ft (3.0 km)@ V.O.P 80.0 %

8,000 ft (2.4 km)@ V.O.P 66.0 %

6,200 ft (1.9 km)@ V.O.P 50.0 %

Range Selection : Automatic range control

Resolution : 20 inches (50 cm)

Accuracy : ± 2 % of reading + 20 inches (50 cm) < 300 ft

(100 m)

± 2 % of reading > 300 ft (100 m)

This accuracy

s effective for

oaxial Cables up to 8,000 ft, Telephony

Cab

es up to 6,000 ft, and Structured Wiring up to 3,000 ft.

Output Impedance : 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 or 150 ohms

Impedance Selection : Automatic output impedance control

Velocity Factor : Adjustable from 1.0 % to 99.9 %

Tone Generator : Oscillating 810 - 1100 Hz (5 V

p-p

unloaded)

Cable Library : 39 standard cable types

Memory Location : 20 for custom cable types

Connector : BNC

Input Protection : 250 V RMS

Line Voltage Detection : 6.5 V

SOURCES LIKE SMALL HAND-HELD RADIO

TR ANSCEIVERS, FIXED STA TION RA DIO

AND TELEVISION TRANSMITTERS, VEHICLE

RA DIO TR ANSM ITTERS AND CEL LUL AR

PHONES GENERATE ELECT ROMAGNETIC

RADIATION THAT MAY INDUCE VOLTAGES

IN THE TEST LEADS OF THE MULTIMETER.

IN SU CH CASES THE ACCURA CY OF T HE

MULT IMETER C ANNO T BE GUARAN TEED

DUE TO PHYSICAL REASONS.

WARNING!

Warning

The product should not be connected to any energized

circuits. Connection to mains supply voltages will damage

the Meter and could be hazardous to the user.

The product contains parts that can be damaged by static

disc harge. Disc harge the c able to be te st ed be fore

connecting the product to the cable.

Read “Safety Information” before using this Meter.

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1. Safety Information 3

2. The TDR Cable Length Meter 4

3. Controls, Indicators, and Buttons Overview 5

4. Meter Operation 8

4.1 Principles of operation 8

4.2 How to connect a cable to the Meter 8

4.3 How to set the cable type 9

4.3.1 Selecting a library cable type 9

4.3.2 Cable library for 39 standard cable types 10

4.3.3 Testing cables not included in library 12

4.4 How to determine unknown V.O.P settings 14

4.4.1 Expanding cable library

for custom cable types using nonvolatile memory 15

4.5 How to measure cable length 19

4.6 How to check networks (Thin Ethernet) 19

5. Changing the measurement scale between English and Metric 20

6. Measurement accuracy 21

7. Theoretical and actual V.O.P 22

8. Special features 23

8.1 Low battery indication 23

8.2 Overrange indication 23

8.3 Enable or disable the auto-power-off mode 24

8.4 Tone Generator mode 25

8.5 Line Voltage Detection mode 25

9. Maintenance 26

10. Specifications 27

Repair and Warranty

CONTENTS

Safety Warnings

This

Me ter c omplies

with the safety requiremen

s of IEC 1010-1 : 2001.

t is

designed

for

use on de-energized

circui

s only, however this Meter

is protec

against telephone networking voltages (EN 60950 : 1999 Sec. 2.3). Connection to

any mains supply voltages may result in damage to the Meter and/or a hazard to

the user. Hence the user must assume responsibility for ensuring his or her own

safety.

International Symbols used on the Meter

Caution! Refer to the explanation in this manual.

Double insulation or Reinforced insulation

Battery

Meter complies with current EU Directives.

International Standards

Safety : IEC 1010-1 : 2001

EMC : EN 61326 : 1997

: 1998

1. Safety Information

EMC Standard Category of Pass

ESD IEC 1000-4-2 A

EM IEC 1000-4-3 A

Burst IEC 1000-4-4 A

Surge IEC 1000-4-5 A

Conducted RF IEC 1000-4-6 A

2 3

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The Meter is a handheld and

battery operated instrument capable of measuring

cable lengths and finding distance to an open or a short using TDR(Time Domain

Reflectometry) techniques, given access to one end only.

The Meter can be used for any cable consisting of at least two insulated metallic

elements, one of which may be the sheath or shield of the cable. The Meter has

automatic internal matching networks to allow testing of 25 , 50

, 75

, 100 ,

125 , or 150 cables, which correspond to power, telephony, CATV, and LAN,

etc. cables.

The Meter can be closely matched to the cable under test using the menu selection

keys. The V.O.P(Velocity of Propagation) value can be similarly adjusted to match

the cable under test; thus ensuring an accurate distance measurement.

The Meter incorporates an oscillating tone generator, tha

is detectable with

standard tone probe (not supplied) available in

he marke

places, for use

the

tracing and identification of pairs within a cable .

The Meter displays “

” message and stops operation i

line vol

age

of the cable

under test exceeds 6.5 V when the Meter is

urned on. The

NC terminal is

protected up to 250 V RMS in order to prevent it from being

demaged by its

misconnection to live circuits of networking.

You can

s tore up to 20 cable test results for custom cable types in internal

nonvolatile memory and the stored cable library provides quick and easy access to

39 standard c able types, which enables accurate measurement without the

necessity of entering V.O.P (Velocity of Propagation).

The on-site measurement scale changing feature enables the Meter to be globally

used for both Metric measurement and English measurement without changing the

measurement scale at factory.

The Meter comes with an Alligator Clip adaptor, a user’s manual and a soft carrying

case.

2. The TDR Cable Length Meter

lthough this manual describes the operation of the Meter for bo

h Metric

measurement and English measurement, all illustrations and examples assume use

of the Meter for English measurement.

(1)

(3)

(4)

(7)

(5)

(6)

(2)

3. Controls, Indicators, and Buttons Overview

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(3) MENU (on screen) SELECTION BUTTONS

Each setting of the Meter to a measurement function may activate one or more

menu selection button settings

on the LCD.

Press the corresponding menu

selection button to select the desired measurement.

Setup Mode

Use the menu selection but

ons in order to

edit desired se

up values as

follows :

(4) POWER ON/OFF BUTTON

Press the POWER button for more than 1 second to turn the Meter on.

Auto-Power-Off

This Meter is completely turned off after 30 minutes of no activities. Press the

POWER

button to turn the Meter on again. This feature can be disabled (refer

to Section 8.).

(5) BACKLIGHT ON/OFF BUTTON or EXIT BUTTON

Press this button for more than 1 second to turn the backlight on and press this

button again for more than 1 second to turn it off.

Press this button momentarily to always return to the initial display when the

meter is in either SELECT mode or Memory mode. And also press the button

momentarily to exit the Tone Generator mode.

(6) MEMORY BUTTON or TONE BUTTON

Press this button momentarily to activate the memory mode. The display shows

three menu selections : STORE, RECALL and CLEAR

Press this button for more than 1 second to activate the Tone Generator mode.

(Press the EXIT button to exit the Tone Generator mode.)

(7) TEST BUTTON

Press this but

on momentarily to

measure length,

distance to an open or a

short, or V.O.P of cable under test.

(1) DISPLAY

Extra-large backlit (ICON type 7 segment) LCD. When the Meter is turned on,

all display segments and symbols appear briefly (during 1.5 seconds) for a

selftest and then the Meter defaults the following initial display.

Initial Display

When shipped out of factory

The Meter defaults V.O.P of 66.0 % and English scale.

When turned on after having been used in the field

The Meter defaults the V.O.P (e.g. 68.0 %) having been used just before it

was turned off.

(2) BNC

A shielded connector for either coaxial cable or

lligator Clip

adaptor (a

standard accessory).

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Button

Function

Press to step

to next digit in

setting value.

Press to

increase

setting value.

Press to

decrease

setting value.

Press to move t o next

Setup.

Press to save all settings

and e xit Set up

Mo de

when setting is ended.

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4.1 Principles of operation

The Meter works by measuring the time taken for a signal to travel to the far end of

the cable (or to an intermediate fault) and to return.

The velocity at which

the signal

is transmit

ed (Velocity of Propagation

that

is,

V.O.P) will depend upon the characteristics of the cable to be tested.

The length is computed from the following formula :

travel time X (9.84 X 10

) X V.O.P (English measurement)

travel time X (3 X 10

) X V.O.P (Metric measurement)

The V.O.P is specified for standard cable types in this manual. However, do not rely

solely on the specified V.O.P because variations of up to 20 % can occur between

batches of cable. There

ore, if accuracy

is critical to

your

situation, y ou must

determine

the ac

ual V.O.P of each cable. Verify the length measurement

measuring a sample cable (longer than 30 ft, or 10 m) of the same cable type you

will be testing.

4.2 How to connect a cable to the Meter

Ensure that no power supply or equipment is connected to the cable to be tested.

Ensure that the far end of the cable to be tested is either open or shorted (not

fitted with a terminator).

Connect the Meter to one end of the cable to be tested.

The cable connection to the Meter is via a BNC connector located at the top of the

Meter. For unterminated cables use the Alligator Clip adaptor as follows.

Coaxial cable : Connec

the red clip to the

center wire and the black

clip to the shield.

Shielded cable : Connect the red clip to a wire adjacent to the shield of

the cable and the black clip to the shield.

Unshielded twisted

pair cable : Separate one pair out and connect the two clips to the

two wires of a pair.

Unshielded multi-core

cable : Connect the two clips to any two wires.

4.3 How to set the cable type

The Meter needs to be set for the cable type to be tested before being used to take

measurements.

If the cable type is listed in the library, setting up is simply a matter of selecting the

appropriate cable type from the library.

4.3.1 Selecting a library cable type

The library cable type you will select determines the information about V.O.P and

the abbreviated trade name of the cable to be tested.

1. Turn the Meter on.

2. The

Meter will display the previously selected cable se

ting (see Fig. 1 and

Fig. 2) with its V.O.P.

ress the SELECT but

on then the Meter will display both

he LIBRARY

symbol (blinking) and the V.O.P symbol.

4. Press the OK button to set the Meter to the LIBRARY mode. The Meter will

display the information of the LIBRARY No. 1, when the “ ” will be blinking.

4. Meter Operation

Fig. 3

“ blinking ”

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5. Scroll through the library using the ,and

buttons to find the required

cable type. The types

are displayed in the Library

Number order. The 39

standard cable types are listed in Section 4.3.2 and Section 4.3.3 will explain

you how to make the library of 20

cus

omer cable

types using

he memory

mode.

6. Press the OK button to set the Meter to the required cable type.

The center line segments of 6 digits in the lower display will be blinking until

the TEST button will be depressed.

7. Connect the cable to be tested to BNC connector of the Meter.

8. Press the TEST button to take the required measurements.

The displayed V.O

P will

be remained on the

LCD even after the TEST

button was depressed in order to inform the user of the V.O.P of the cable

to be tested.

When the Meter will be continuously set to the just same cable type as the

preceding cable type

the Meter will show the preceding display until

the

TEST button will be newly depressed.

When

he Meter is

turned off it au

oma

ically stores the last

setting and will

display this setting when powered up.

Fig. 4

1110

“ blinking ”

4.3.2 Cable library for 39 standard cable types

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4.3.3 Testing cables not included in library

If the cable type to be tested is not in the library, it can s

ill be

ested if

he V.O.

known

If the V.O.P is unknown, refer to Sec

ion 4.4.

1. Turn the

Meter on.

2. The

Meter will display the previously selected cable se

ting [see Initial Display of

Sec

ion 3.(1)] with i

.O.P.

3. Press the SELECT button then the Meter

will display both the LI

RARY symbol

(blinking) and the V.O.

symbol (see Fig. 3).

4. Press the

button then the LIBR

RY symbol will stop blinking and the V.O.P

symbol will be blinking.

5. Press the OK button

o set the Meter to the V.O.P

adjusting mode, when the

LIBRARY symbol will disappear, the

V.O.P symbol will stop blinking, and the “ ”

segments will start to

blink.

The Meter can

enter into

the Calibrate Cable function to

determine the

V.O.P for a known length of cable by pressing any button out of and

buttons when the Meter is in the V.O.P adjusting mode. Then, the will

appear replacing the and “ 30.00 ” will be blinking to alert the user that

a sample cable longer than 30 ft (10 m) is necessary.

Fig. 5

6. Press the OK button again then the default V.O.P value of 66.0 % will start to

blink.

7. Scroll through the V.O.P value between 1.0 % and 99.9 % by using the ,

and buttons to find the required V.O.P value.

8. Press the OK button

o set the Meter to the required V

P value.

9. Connect the cable

to be tested to BNC

connector of the

Meter.

10. Press the TEST button

to take the required measurements.

For example, the Meter can have the following

display

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

1312

“ blinking ”

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4.4 How to determine unknown V.O.

settings

The Calibrate Cable function allows

you to

determine the

V.O.P for a

known length

of cable

and save i

for additional measurements of unknown lengths

of the same

type o

cable. V.O

P settings are stored in nonvolatile memory.

calibrate

a cable manually, per

orm the

following

steps :

1. Take a sample of the c able

at least 30 ft (10

m) in length to obtain the

specified accuracy (longer leng

hs improve accuracy).

2. Measure i

length

by direct

measurement

3. Repeat the

step 1

to step 5 of

Section 4

3.3 then press the button or the

button in order to set the Meter to the Calibrate Cable function, when the

will appear replacing the and “30.00” will be blinking to let you remind that

the length of a sample cable should be at least 30 ft (10 m).

4. Connect the sample cable to the

Meter and set

he actual length of the sample

cable using

the , and buttons.

NOTE

Lengths measurements are only as accurate as

he V.O.

setting for the cable to be measured. V.O.P values can vary

substantially between cable manufacturers as well as between

cable lots.

Measure and record the V.O.P of a sample length of cable for

each cable manufacturer, then mark the V.O.P on each cable

drum before installation.

Fig. 8

5. Press the OK button.

6. Press the TEST button to read the V.O.P of the sample cable, when the center

line segment of 6 digits will blink waiting for the next measurement.

For example,

7. Connect the cable to be tested to the Meter.

8. Press the TEST button to take the required measurement.

4.4.1 Expanding cable

ibrary for custom cable types

ng nonvolatile

memory

The nonvolatile memory of this Meter allows you to store V.O.P values measured in

Section 4.4 to expand the cable library up to 20 custom cable types.

Use the memory mode to store and recall the measured V.O.P values. Press the

MEMORY button momentarily in order to activate the memory mode. The display

shows three menu selections :

STORE, RECALL and CLEAR

For example, if the below display was obtained in Section 4.4,

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

1514

“ blinking ”

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STORE : This Meter

has 20 internal memory locations from

01 to 20.

ress the

STORE button to store the nex

available memory location when the

memory

locations has been partially occupied. Then, the MEM symbol will appear and the

currently available location number will be blinking.

For example, if the location 04 was occupied, the display shows as the Fig. 11.

When all the memory locations are not occupied, the V.O.P segments will display

“ ”.

A particular memory location can be selected using the

, and buttons.

Press the OK button to prepare storing the V.O.P value measured in Section 4.4 in

the location 05. Then, the display shows as the Fig. 12.

ress the STORE button then the Meter will display blinking “ ”

while the

measured V.O.P is being stored.

The Me

will display “

” replacing “

”

the V

P has been stored.

Fig. 11

If you want to cancel storing the V.O.P setting, press the EXIT button to have

the Meter exit memory mode.

RECALL : Select RECALL to review the stored value pressing the RECALL button

after having the Meter enter into the memory mode. The upper display will show the

V.O.P value of the memory location 01 and the 01 (blinking). Select the required

memory location number using the ,and buttons. Press the EXIT button to

exit the memory mode.

For example, if the memory location 05 would be selected, the Meter will display as

follows :

If you want to cancel this RECALL function, press the EXIT button again to exit

the memory mode.

Fig. 12

Fig. 13

16 17

“ blinking ”

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