Hanna Instruments HI 93114 User manual

Instruction Manual

HI 93114

Turbidity & Chlorine

Measurements

www.hannainst.com

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Remove the instrument from the packing ma-

terial and examine it to make sure that no

damage has occurred during shipping.

If there is any damage, immediately notify

your dealer.

HI 93114 is supplied complete with:

•Glass cuvet with cap

•Batteries (4 x 1.5V AA)

•Instruction manual

An optional starter kit HI 731327 is also avail-

able, complete with:

•2 glass cuvets with caps

•Calibration standards HI 93102-0 (AMCO-

AEPA-1 @0 NTU* solution, 30 mL bottle)

and HI 93102-20 (AMCO-AEPA-1 @20

NTU* solution, 30 mL bottle)

• HI 93703-50 cuvet cleaning solution

•Tissue for wiping cuvets

•Rugged carrying case

Note: Save all packing material until you are

sure that the instrument functions cor-

rectly. Any defective item must be re-

turned in its original packaging with

the supplied accessories.

* 1 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit) = 1 FTU

(Formazine Turbidity Unit)

DearCustomer,

ThankyouforchoosingaHANNAinstruments®

product.

Please read this instruction manual carefully

beforeusingtheinstrument.

Thismanualwillprovideyouwiththenecessary

informationforthecorrectuseoftheinstrument,

as well as a precise idea of its versatility.

Foranyadditionaltechnicalinformation,donot

hesitatetoe-mailusat[email protected].

This instrument is in compliance with the

directives.

TABLEOFCONTENTS

Preliminary Examination ............................. 3

General Description.................................... 4

Principle of Operation ................................. 6

FunctionalDescription ................................ 9

Specifications ........................................... 12

OperationalGuide ..................................... 13

Calibration................................................. 19

Diagnosticmode ....................................... 27

Logging ..................................................... 28

User-selectableShutdown......................... 30

BatteryReplacement ................................ 31

DiagnosticCodes...................................... 32

Accessories.............................................. 33

Warranty ................................................... 34

CEDeclarationof Conformity .................... 35

The large dual-level display can show the

measured parameter on the main part, while

the lower level indicates current mode (e.g.

“F CL” for free chlorine or “TR” for turbidity).

Additional symbols show low battery condi-

tion, logging mode, date, time, etc.

A pure green LED is utilized as light source

for both turbidimetric and colorimetric mea-

surements. A silicon photocell receives the

transmitted light from colorimetric channel,

while another photocell detects the scattered

light from the turbidimetric (nephelometric)

channel.

In order to measure chlorine parameters, it is

necessary to do the zero with the blank

sample, and then add 1 packet of reagent.

After placing the cuvet back in the meter and

pressing READ, the measurement is shown

directly on the LCD.

The instrument also features an automatic

shut-off with user-selectable delay at 10, 20,

30, 40, 50 or 60 minutes.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

With the hand held HI 93114, three important

parametersinwaterqualityanalysisareatyour

fingertips. Free and total chlorine measure-

ments and US EPA compliant turbidity mea-

surements are performed quickly and reliably

withthislab-grademicroprocessor-basedfield

instrument.

HI93114isparticularlyusefulforpotablewater

measurementsandmunicipalities.

With HI 93114 measurements can be per-

formed using either concentration or relative

absorbance of the sample depending on the

requirementsoftheapplication.

HI 93114 can be calibrated using the factory

preprogrammed calibration points or can be

customcalibratedwhenin colorimetric mode.

Thisruggedinstrumenthasbeenengineeredto

offer all the sophistication and reliability of

benchtoplaboratoryinstrumentationinthesize

ofahandheldmeter.

HI 93114 complies with GLP standards (Good

Laboratory Practice), that is:

• When switched on, the LCD displays all

segments (display check)

• Battery status is monitored during every

measurement cycle warning the user if the

batteries become weak. In addition, the

meter will turn itself off before low voltage

causes erroneous readings

• It utilizes a real time clock and recalls

calibration data such as date, time and

calibration values

To facilitate field tests, the meter provides a

logging mode for storing up to 25 measure-

ments along with time and date information

for retrieval at a later date.

Colorimetric Mode

The color of every object we see is deter-

mined by a process of absorption and emis-

sion of the electromagnetic radiation (light) of

its molecules.

Colorimetric analysis is based on the principle

that specific compounds react with others to

form a color, the intensity of which is

proportional to the concentration of the

substance being measured.

Block diagram of an ion specific measurement

When a substance is exposed to a beam of

light intensity Io, a portion of the radiation is

absorbed by the substance's molecules and

a radiation of intensity I, lower than Io, is

emitted.

The quantity of radiation absorbed is given by

the Lambert-Beer Law:

log Io/I= ελc d

Where log Io/I = Absorbance (A)

ελ= molar extinction coefficient of the

substance at wavelength λ

c = molar concentration of the

substance

d = optical distance light travels

through the sample

Since other factors are known, the concen-

tration "c" can be calculated from the color

intensity of the substance determined by the

emitted radiation I.

An LED (Light Emitting Diode) emits radiation

at a relatively narrow spectrum, supplying the

system with the intensity Io.

LED

EMITTED LIGHT

CUVET MICROPROCESSOR

LIGHT

DETECTOR

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

Turbidity Mode

HI 93114 has been designed to perform mea-

surements according to the USEPA’s 180.1

method and the Standard Method 2130B.

The instrument functions by passing a beam

of light through a vial containing the sample

being measured.

The light source is a Pure Green LED to

ensure that any interference caused by a

colored samples is minimized.

A sensor, positioned at 90° with respect to

the direction of light, detects the amount of

light scattered by the undissolved particles

present in the sample. The microprocessor

converts such readings into NTU* values.

NTU units are equal to FTU units. However,

there are other known measurement units for

turbidity, namely the Jackson Turbidity Unit

(JTU) based on the old method of Jackson's

candle, and Silica Unit (mg/L of SiO2). The

conversion table between these measurement

units is shown below:

JTU NTU/FTU SiO2 (mg/L)

JTU 1 19 2.5

NTU/FTU 0.053 1 0.13

SiO2 (mg/L) 0.4 7.5 1

*1NTU=1 FTU

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

1) Primary LCD:

When the meter is switched on, the LCD

shows all segments for a few seconds.

It then displays four dashes to indicate

“ready to measure”.

In “Read” and “Zero” mode, “SIP” is shown

to indicate “Sample In Progress”.

The upper level also indicates the concen-

tration or turbidity value of the sample, as

well as different diagnostic modes, such

as “-BA-” for low battery.

A substance absorbs a color complimentary

to the color it emits. For example, a

substance appears yellow because it absorbs

blue light. As a result, the Hanna meters use

LED’s with specific wavelengths to measure

samples.

The optical distance (d) is measured by the

internal diameter of the cuvet containing the

sample.

The photoelectric cell collects the radiation I

that is not absorbed by the sample and

converts it into an electric current.

The microprocessor converts the value into

the desired measuring unit and displays it on

the LCD.

The measurement process is done in two

phases: setting the meter to zero and actual

measurement.

The cuvet is an optical element and hence

has an important role in the measurement

process. Both the measurement and the

calibration cuvets must be optically identical

to provide the same measurement conditions.

It is also important that the surface of the

cuvet is clean and free from scratches or

dents, in order to avoid measurement

interference due to unwanted reflection and

absorption of light.

It is recommended that wherever possible the

cuvet walls are not touched by the operator.

Furthermore, in order to maintain the same

conditions during the zeroing and the

measuring phases, it is necessary to close

the cuvets to prevent any contamination.

10) CAL key: If pressed during calibration,

the calibration procedure will

be aborted and the last cali-

bration data will be retrieved.

If pressed together with the

ALT key for less then 3 sec-

onds, the diagnostic mode will

be entered.

If pressed together with the

ALT key again, the meter will

quit diagnostic mode.

If pressed for more then 3

seconds, a blinking “CAL” will

appear and the calibration

procedure is entered.

11) GLP/Abs key: In ion specific mode, it will

toggle concentration/absor-

bance readings on main LCD.

In turbidity mode, GLP data

(date, time and the 2 calibra-

tion values) will be shown.

If pressed in time/date setup

mode, the meter will quit cur-

rent mode without making any

change.

12) key Scrolls upwards through the

parameters to be measured.

In calibration and diagnostic

modes, increments the blink-

ing digit by one.

If pressed together with ALT

while the meter is in logging

mode, the upper LCD will

show the stored data (date,

time, value).

13) ALT key: Activates alternative functions.

14) key: Scrolls downwards through the

parameters to be measured.

2) Secondary LCD:

The three-digit lower level shows the cur-

rent measurement mode (“F CL”, “tCL”, or

“tr”), and diagnostic or calibration modes,

such as “d11”, “2 Fn”, “5c1”.

3) DATE: Indicates that the main LCD

is showing the current date,

the date of last calibration or

the date of logged measure-

ment in memory.

4) TIME: Indicates that the main LCD

is showing the current time,

the time of last calibration or

the time of logged measure-

ment in memory.

5) LOBAT: Blinks to warn the user of low

battery voltage.

6) LOG: Blinks to indicate that the

meter is in the scroll mode

viewing the logged data.

If fixed, it indicates that the

meter is in the log mode and

every reading will be stored

in memory.

7) ON/OFF key:Turns the meter on and off.

8) ZERO/ key: In ion specific mode, it ze-

ros the sample.

In calibration and diagnostic

modes, it works as ENTER.

In turbidity mode, it is not

used.

9) READ/ key: Takes concentration/tur-

bidity measurement of the

sample.

In diagnostic or calibration

mode, shifts the flashing digit

to the right.

OPERATIONAL GUIDE

SET CURRENT TIME/DATE

To set or change the current time, turn on the

meter. After initialization routine, the LCD will

show:

Press and hold the ALT and GLP keys to-

gether. Display will show the current date in

MM.DD format (e.g. August 28 is shown as

08.28).

Release the keys. The month digits will blink.

Make the necessary adjustments with the

and keys. To skip to the day digits, press

the key.

After the adjustments, press the key. The

unit will store the newly set month-day data

in its EEPROM and will show the current

time by a 24 hour clock HH.MM format, e.g.

2:28 pm is:

Similarly, make the necessary adjustments

as described above and press . The newly

set up “month - day - hour - minute” data will

be stored in memory.

SPECIFICATIONS

* 1 NTU = 1 FTU

In calibration and diagnostic

modes, decreases the blink-

ing digit by one.

If pressed together with ALT

while the meter is in logging

mode, the upper LCD will

show the current lot number.

HI93114

Range Turbidity 0.00to50.0NTU*

Free Cl20.00 to 2.50 mg/L

Total Cl20.00 to 3.50 mg/L

Resolution

Turbidity 0.01and0.1NTU*

Free Cl20.01 mg/L

Total Cl20.01 mg/L

Accuracy

Turbidity ±0.5 NTU* or ±5% (whichever greater)

Free & Total Cl2±0.03 mg/L or

±3%(whichever greater)

Light Source PuregreenLED

Light Source Life Life of the instrument

Light Detector Two silicon photocells

Battery Type 4 x 1.5V AA alkaline

Battery Life 60 hours or 1000 measurements

Auto-off Selectable after

10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60 minutes

Environment 0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F);

RH max 95% non-condensing

Dimensions 220 x 82 x 66 mm

(8.7 x 3.2 x 2.6")

Weight 510 g (1.1 lb.)

Press READ. The meter will intermittently

display “SIP” on the upper level of the LCD.

After a few seconds the display will show the

turbidity value, e.g. 5.34 NTU:

COLORIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS

Turn the meter on. After the initialization rou-

tine, the LCD will display:

Use the and keys to

choose the desired pa-

rameter:

F CL Free Chlorine t CL Total Chlorine

Measuring Chlorine

Fill the vial with the sample (blank). The

surface of the vial should be clean and scratch

free.

Insert the blank sample into the

cuvet holder and ensure that the

notch on the cap is positioned

securely into the groove. Press

ZERO.

CURRENT TIME/DATE RECALL

To recall current TIME/DATE press and hold

the ALT and READ keys together. The cur-

rent time and an intermittent “TIME” will be

displayed.

Release the keys.

Press and hold the ALT and READ keys

again and the meter will show the current

date together with an intermittent “DATE”.

TURBIDITY MEASUREMENTS

Fill the vial with the sample.

The surface of the vial should

be clean and scratch free.

Turn the meter on. After the initialization rou-

tine, the LCD will show:

Use the and keys to set the lower level of

the LCD to turbidity (tr).

Insert the sample into the cuvet

holder and ensure that the

notch on the cap is positioned

securely into the groove.

The main LCD will show

four dashes and “d 00”

is displayed on the

lower part, with the sec-

ond “0” flashing:

Using the , and

keys change the lower

row of the display to

show “d 11”:

Press the key. This key is also used as a

toggle between USER (USR) and FACTORY

(FCT) programmed functions. Select the USER

mode (if necessary by pressing the key

more than once):

Press ALT and CAL until four dashes are

displayed on the upper display and “# fn” are

shown in the lower part of the LCD.

Using the and keys select the number

from 0 to 1 where the appropriate calibration

data have been stored.

Add the appropriate reagent into the blank

sample cuvet. Shake and allow a few sec-

onds for color to develop.

For the Free or Total Chlorine add the con-

tent of its respective packet:

Replace the cap and shake the cuvet. For

best results wait 2½ mins. for Total Chlorine.

Insert the reacted sample into the cuvet holder

and ensure that the notch on the cap is posi-

tioned securely into the groove. Press READ.

The meter will show “SIP” for a few seconds

and then the concentration:

Measurements in user-customized mode

Note: The meter must be calibrated for this

purpose. Follow the 2 point procedure

on page 26 before proceeding.

Turn the meter on, and press both ALT and

CAL buttons.

The meter will show “SIP” for a few seconds

and then a zero indication:

1 x

CALIBRATION

TURBIDITY CALIBRATION

The meter should be properly calibrated with

a standard prepared as described in USEPA

method 180.1.

Span calibration

To calibrate the span of the meter,

fill the cuvet with the primary tur-

bidity formazine standard of

50NTU.

Inspect and clean thoroughly the

surface of the vial.

Shake the standard vigorously for

a few seconds and wait a few

minutes for the bubbles to disap-

pear.

Turn the meter on and press both ALT and

CAL momentarily.

The LCD will show four

dashes on the upper

and “d 00” on the lower

part of the LCD with

the second “0” blinking.

Using the , and

keys change the lower

row of the display to

show “d 21”.

Insert the previously

prepared 50 NTU stan-

dard into the cuvet

holder and make sure

that the notch on the

cap is positioned se-

curely into the groove.

Press .

Insert the reacted sample into the cuvet holder

and make sure that the notch on the cap is

positioned securely into the groove. Press

READ.

The meter will first show “SIP” for a few

seconds and afterwards the sample concen-

tration:

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