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BOONTON

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

MODEL

928D

PROGRAMMABLE

RF

MILLIVOLTMETER

b-877

b-877

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

MODEL

928D

PROGRAMMABLE

RF

MILLIVOLTMETER

b-877

TEL:

201-887-5110

TWX:

710-986-8241

ROUTE

287

AT

SMITH

ROAD

PARSIPPANY,

N.J.

07054

USA

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS

CHAPTER

Io

GENERAL

INFORMATION

1.1

GENERAL

1 0 2 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1 0 2 0 1

Wide

Frequency

Range

1.2.2

Wide

Voltage

Range

1.2.3

True

RMS

Response

1o2.4

Low

Noise

1.2.5

Minimal

Zero

Adjustment

1.2.6

BCD

Output

1.2.7

DC

Analog

Output

II.

SPECIFICATIONS

III

o OPERATION

3.1

INSTALLATION

3.1.1

Operating

Controls

and

Indicators

3.2

OPERATING

PROCEDURES

3.2.1

Initial

Operating

Procedure

3.3

OPERATING

NOTES

3.3.1

Overload

Limits

3.3.2

Connection

for

Measurements

Below

100

MHz

3.3.3

Connection

for

Measurements

Above

100

MHz

3.3.4

Low-Level

Measurement

3.3.5

Over/Under

Range

Indication

3.3.6

Making

the

Zero

Adjustment

3.3.7

Signal

Overload

on

1

mV

Range

3.3.8

Temperature

Effects

3.3.9

Hum,

Noise,

and

Spurious

Pickup

3.4

LINEAR

DC

OUTPUT

3.5

LOW-FREQUENCY

MEASUREMENTS

92BD

b-877

i

PAGE

2

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

11

11

11

12

12

13

13

13

13

14

14

16

16

16

17

17

17

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS

(CONTINUED)

CHAPTER

306

CORRECTION

CURVES

FOR

ACTUAL

VOLTAGE

vs

0

DC

OUTPUT

3.7

CORRECTION

CURVE

FOR

MODEL

91-BB

3.8

CORRECTION

CURVE

FOR

MODEL

91-14A

IVo

THEORY

4o1

GENERAL

4.

10 1 RF

Probe

4.1.2

Attenuator

and

Amplifiers

4.1.3

Synchronous

Detector

4.1.4

Shaping

Amplifier

4o1o5

Digital

Control

4 0

106

Analog/Digital

Converter

4o1.

7

Chopper-Driver

Circuits

4o

1o8

Power

Supply

4o1o9

Programming

V.

MAINTENANCE

5.1

PERIODIC CALIBRATION

5.2

PRECAUTIONS

WHEN

CHECKING

CALIBRATION

5o3

CALIBRATION

CHECK

5.4

CALIBRATION

PROCEDURE

5.5

TROUBLESHOOTING

PROCEDURE

5,5.1

Cover

Removal

92BD

b-877

5.5.2

Chopper

Replacement

5.5.3

Voltage

and

Resistance

Tests

5,5.4

Test

Points

5.5.5

Replacement

of

RF

Probes

5,5,6

Probe

Tests

ii

PAGE

17

17

17

20

20

20

21

21

22

22

22

22

23

23

23

23

24

24

24

27

27

27

27

27

27

27

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS

(CONTINUED)

CHAPTER

VI,

INTERFACE

INFORMATION

6.1

PROGRAMMING

INPUTS

6.1.1

Input

Characteristics

6.1.2

Input

Pull-Up

6.1.3

Triggering

6.2

DATA

OUTPUTS

6.2,1

Output

Characteristics

6.2.2

Analog

Output

6.3

WAVEFORMS

6.3.1

Encode

Trigger

6.3.2

Data

Output

Timing

6.4

AUTORANGING

CHARACTERISTICS

SCHEMATICS

Amplifier

Chopper

Driver

Shaping

Amplifier

Autorange

Digital

Control

Counter

Board

A/D

Converter

Display

Board

92-8A

92-9A

830581

Sheet

830581

Sheet

830456

Sheet

830483

830581

Sheet

830546

Sheet

830546

Sheet

830546

Sheet

830650

830900

CHARTS

AND

DRAWINGS

FIGURE

of

3

of

3

of

2

of

of

3

of

2

of

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

Input

Resistance

of

RF

Probe

as

a

Function

of

Input

Level

and

Frequency

2

Input

Capacitance

vs.

Input

Level

of

Model

91-12F

Probe

(Measured

at

10

MHz)

3

Typical

VSWR

of

Model

91-12F

RF

Probe

with

Model

92-8B

50 n

Adapter

4

Typical

VSWR

of

Model

91-12F

RF

Probe

with

Model

91-14A

Type

N

Tee

Adapter

and

91-15A

50

n

Termination

92BD

b-877

iii

PAGE

34

34

35

35

35

36

36

36

36

37

38

Endpapers

PAGE

9

10

10

10

CHARTS

AND

DRAWINGS

(CONTINUED)

FIGURE

5

Method

for

making

low-inductance

connections

to

test

signal

point

directly

the

RF

probe

6

Assembly

of

Model

91-14A

Type

N

Tee

Adapter

7

Down-Scale

correction

Curves,

Recorder

Output

8A

Model

91-SB

50

n

Adapter

correction

curve

8B

Model

91-14A

Type

N

Tee

Adapter

Correction

Curve

9

Model

92BD

Block

Diagram

10

Frequency

Response

Test

Setup

11

Swept

Frequency

Response

Test

Setup

12

Calibration

Instructions

13

External

Connections

TABLE

NO.

Required

Accessories

Crest

Factors

TABLES

2

3

4

Model

92

Series

Controls

and

Indicators

Connection

Recommendations

TABLE

OF

REPLACEABLE

PARTS

92BD

b-877

iv

using

PAGE

15

15

18

19

19

20

30

31

33

38

PAGE

8

9

11

14

39

I.

GENERAL

INFORMATION

1.1

GENERAL

One

of

the

Model

92

Series

of

RF

Millivoltmeters,

the

Model

92BD

provides

digital

readout

of

measurements

from

the

low

radio

frequencies

to

the

gigahertz

region,

over

a

voltage

range

of

200

µV

to

3

volts.

It

is

a

programmable,

solid-state

instrument

of

high

sensitivity

and

accuracy.

The

Model

92BD

exhibits

true

rms

response

for

input

signals

up

to

30

millivolts,

gradually

approaching

peak-to-peak

above

this

level.

The

digital

voltmeter,

however,

is

calibrated

in

rms

above

this

region.

The

instrument

is

characterized

by

high

input

impedance

(see

Figures

1

and

2),

excellent

stability,

and

low

noise.

A

small

edgewise

panel

meter,

calibrated

in

dBm,

is

included;

this

is

necessary

for

zeroing

the

instrument

(the

digital

display

blanks

out

below

200

µV),

and

will

also

serve

for

comparative

measurements

of

acceptable

accuracy.

A

binary

coded

decimal

(BCD)

output

is

provided

at

a

rear

connector,

permitting

the

92BD

to

be

integrated

in

systems

for

driving

printers,

tape

or

card

punches,

data

control

units,

and

simi-

lar

interfacing

data

equipment.

As

part

of

a

system,

the

92BD

is

also

programmed

and

controlled

externally

as

needed.

A

linear

de

output,

whose

level

is

proportional

to

the

rf

input

voltage,

is

also

provided

at

a

rear

connector.

This

may

be

used

to

drive

a

recorder,

remote

indicator,

or

other

analog

devices.

The

92BD

offers

a

convenient

and

accurate

means

for

making

a

wide

variety

of

measurements.

Typical

uses

of

this

instrument

would

include:

In

transistor

testing

the

instrument

may

be

used

to

measure$,

ft'

and

other

transistor

parameters.

VSWR

and

return

loss

measurements

using

the

Model

92

Series

with

bridge

methods,

directional

couplers,

and

adjustable

or

slotted

lines.

92BD

b-877

Gain

and

loss

measurements

in

wide-band

amplifiers,

including

such

design

characteristics

as

stage

gain,

flatness

of

the

pass

band,

upper

cutoff

or

corner

frequency,

negative

feedback

factors,

and

other

parameters.

Proper

adjustment

of

tuned

circuits

in

narrow-band

amplifiers.

The

adjustment,

measurement

of

performance,

and

evaluation

of

parameters

of

rf

filters.

Measurement

of

vswr

or

return

loss

and

attenuation

of

rf

attenuators,

Measurement

of

output

levels

of

signal

generators,

adjustment

of

baluns,

harmonic

distortion

of

rf

signals,

and

adjustment

of

circuits

for

minimum

voltage

(null)

or

maximum

voltage

(peak).

The Model

92BD

is

available

in

several

optional

configurations

with

a

basic

accuracy

of

1%

rdg.

+

1%

fs.

The

standard

features

of

the

instrument

are:

Programmable

(logic

level).

Measures

from

200

µV

to

3

V*

from

10 kHz

to

1.2

GHz.

True

rms

response

to

30 mV**·

Convenient

push-button

ranging.

BCD

digital

output

plus

de

analog

output.

High

input

resistance,

low

input

capacitance.

Overload

protection

to

400

Vdc,

10

Vac.

VSWR

less

than

1.15

up

to

1.2

GHz.

*To 300 V,

up

to

700

MHz,

with

accessory

100:1

divider.

**To 3 V,

up

to

700

MHz,

with

accessory

100:1

divider.

The

characteristics

of

the

instrument

include:

high

reliability,

fast

warm-up

(1

minute),

long

intervals

between

calibrations,

plug-in

PC

boards

for

ease

in

servicing,

light

weight,

and

other

advantages

of

solid-state

design.

1.2

EQUIPMENT

DESCRIPTION

The

Model

92BD

is

basically

a

programmable

analog

instrument

with

digital

readout.

It

is

available

with

a

full

range

of

options

and

accessories

as

described

in

Chapter

II.

Input

range

programming

by

logic

level

command

is

standard.

The

instrument

is

sensitive,

accurate,

sturdily

constructed,

and

protected

against

overloads.

It

will

perform

over

extended

periods

of

time

without

failure

or

need

for

recalibration.

It

is

92BD

b-877

2

packaged

as

a

compact

bench

instrument

that

can

be

easily

mounted

in

a

standard

19-inch

rack

using

an

inexpensive

hardware

kit.

Important

input

and

accuracy

specifications

are

reproduced

on

a

reference

plate

fastened

to

the

exterior

top

cover

of

the

instrument.

Clips

for

holding

out-of-use

accessories

are

provided

at

the

rear

of

the

instrument.

Calibration

instructions

are

reproduced

on

the

underside

of

the

top

cover

of

the

instrument.

Standard

accessories

supplied

with

the

Model

92

Series

include

one

each

of

the

following:

Model

91-12F

RF

Probe

with

low-noise

cable

and

connector.

Model

92-8B

50-ohm

BNC

adapter.

Model

91-13B

Probe

Tip

(removable)

with

grounding

clip

lead.

A

complete

kit

of

probe

accessories

is

available

as

optional

equipment,

including

a

storage

case

with

space

for

the

Model

91-12F

RF

Probe

and

the

other

standard

accessories.

1.2.1

Wide

Frequency

Range

The

calibrated

frequency

range

of

the

Model

92BD

extends

from

10 kHz

to

1.2

GHz,

with

uncali-

brated

response

to

beyond

8 GHz.

Relative

accuracy

above

1.2

GHz

is

typically

±0.5

dB.

A

Model

91-8B

50-ohm

BNC

Adapter

is

supplied

as

a

standard

accessory

with

the

instrument

for

50-ohm

voltage

measurements

up

to

600

MHz. A

correction

curve

(Figure

SA)

is

included

for

fre-

quencies

above

50

MHz.

For

higher

frequency

measurements

and

for

through-line

voltage

measure-

ments

the

optional

accessory,

Model

91-14A

Tee

Adapter,

is

recommended.

It

is

designed

to

compen-

sate

for

the

rf

probe

capacitance

and

to

present

a

good

vswr

(better

than

1.15)

up

to

1.2

GHz.

It

may

be

used

in

conjunction

with

the

Model

91-15A

SO-ohm

load

for

terminated

voltage

measurements.

In

a

coaxial

line

its

insertion

loss

is

low;

however,

a

chart

(Figure

8B)

is

supplied

showing

loss

vs.

frequency.

See

Figure

4

for

typical

vswr.

An

optional

accessory,

the

Model

91-4C

RF

Probe,

has

a

frequency

range

of

1 kHz

to

250

MHz

for

lower

frequency

applications.

1.2.2

Wide

Voltage

Range

The

Model

92BD

has

eight

ranges,

from

1

millivolt

full

scale

to

3

volts

full

scale,

arranged

in

1-3-10

sequence.

No

attenuator

attachments

are

required

for

measurements

up

to

3

volts.

While

this

range

is

ample

for

most

rf

voltage

measurements,

the

capability

of

the

instrument

can

be

in-

creased

to

300

volts

(up

to

700

MHz)

by

using

the

optional

accessory,

Model

91-7C

100:1

Voltage

92BD

b-877

3

Divider.

Use

of

the

100:1

Voltage

Divider

also

increases

the

input

resistance

of

the

Model

91-4C

RF

Probe

by

a

factor

greater

than

100.

1.2.3

True

RMS

Response

The Model

92BD

provides

true

rms

response

for

signal

inputs

below

approximately

30

millivolts

(below

3

volts,

up

to

700

MHz,

with

the

Model

91-7C

100:1

Voltage

Divider).

As

the

input

level

increases,

the

waveform

response

gradually

approaches

peak-to-peak,

calibrated

on

the

indicator

in

rms.

Thus,

in

addition

to

making

precise

sinusoidal

voltage

measurements

at

all

levels,

the

in-

strument

measures

non-sinusoidal

or

asymmetrical

signals

within

therms

region

without

loss

of

accuracy.

1.2.4

Low

Noise

The Model

92BD

has

been

designed

and

constructed

to

hold

noise

from

all

sources

to

a minimum.

The

probe

cable

is

of

special

low-noise

design;

a

vigorous

flexing

causes

only

momentary,

minor

deflections

on

the

most

sensitive

range.

The Model

91-12F

Probe

is

not

sensitive

to

shock

or

vibration;

even

sharp

tapping

on

the

probe

barrel

causes

no

visible

deflection

on

any

range.

Amplification

takes

place

at

94 Hz,

reducing

susceptibility

to

any

50

or

60

Hz

line-frequency-

related

fields.

A

unique

circuit

reduces

the

low-level

noise

originating

from

the

mechanical

chopper

and

renders

the

instrument

immune

to

changes

in

chopper

performance

that

could

occur

with

the

passage

of

time.

1.2.5

Minimal

Zero

Adjustment

Zero

adjustment

is

not

required

on

the

upper

five

ranges

of

the

Model 92BD.

For

measurements

on

the

lower

three

ranges,

the

ZERO

control

is

set

on

the

most

sensitive

range

before

operation.

This

control

balances

out

small

thermal

voltages

in

the

probe

elements

and,

once

adjusted,

requires

only

infrequent

checking

during

the

course

of

subsequent

measurements.

1.2.6

BCD

Output

The Model

92BD

provides

a

serialized

binary

coded

decimal

output

(4-line,

8,

4,

2,

1)

for

connection

to

an

external

system.

When

the

92BD

is

an

integral

part

of

a

system

configuration,

it

may

be

remotely

controlled

and

triggered

automatically

in

synchronism

with

some

system

event.

For

systems

or

external

requirements,

all

input

and

output

connections

for

the

92BD

are

made

at

the

card-edge

connector

on

the

rear

of

the

instrument.

See

Figure

11

for

receptacle

connections.

92BD

b-877

4