BIRD 4314B User manual
INSTRUCTION BOOK
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
RF DIRECTIONAL
THRULINE WATTMETER
MODEL 4314B
ÓCopyright 2000 by Bird Electronic Corporation
Instruction Book Part Number 920-4314B Rev. C
Thruline ® is a Registered Trademark of Bird Electronic Corporation
Electronic Corporation
Cleveland (Solon) Ohio US
A
Safety Precautions
The following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related
to any specific part or procedure and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in
this publication.
Keep Away From Live Circuits
Operating personnel must at all times observe normal safety precautions. Do
not replace components inside equipment with the high voltage supply
turned on. To avoid casualties, always remove power.
Do Not Service Or Adjust Alone
Under no circumstances should any person reach into an enclosure for the
purpose of service or adjustment of equipment except in the presence of some-
one who is capable of rendering aid.
Safety Earth Ground
An uninterruptible earth safety ground must be supplied from the main
power source to test instruments. Grounding one conductor of a two conduc-
tor power cable is not sufficient protection. Serious injury or death can occur
if this grounding is not properly supplied.
Shock Hazard
Do not attempt to remove a RF transmission line while power is present. Ra-
diated RF power is a potential health hazard.
Resuscitation
Personnel working with or near high voltages should be familiar with modern
methods of resuscitation.
i
Safety Symbols
WARNING
Warning notes call attention to a procedure, which if not correctly
performed could result in personal injury.
CAUTION
Caution notes call attention to a procedure, which if not correctly
performed could result in damage to the instrument.
This symbol appears on the equipment indicating there is
important information in the instruction manual regard-
ing that particular area.
+Note: Calls attention to supplemental information.
4314B Warning Statements
The following warnings appear in the text where there is danger to operating
and maintenance personnel, and are repeated here for emphasis.
WARNING
Exposure to RF power radiation and the possibility of RF shock or
burns exists with some operating conditions. Always be sure to turn off
the transmitter when connecting or disconnecting a wattmeter. Be sure
the transmission line is terminated into a load or antenna. When a
Plug-In Element is removed from the RF line socket, the line section
center conductor is exposed. Do not put fingers or other objects into the
Plug-In Element socket while RF power is applied.
WARNING
Always be sure transmitter power is off before disconnecting the unit
from the transmission line.
ii
4314B Caution Statements
The following cautions appear in the text whenever a procedure, if not prop-
erly followed, could put the equipment in danger of damage and are repeated
here for emphasis.
CAUTION
Do not drop the Thruline Wattmeter or its elements or subject them to
hard blows. The microammeter is shock mounted in the wattmeter
housing, but its delicate mechanism may be damaged by severe impact.
CAUTION
Severe damage to the Plug-In Element or wattmeter can result from
exposure to excessive RF power. Make sure the Plug-In Element
installed in the wattmeter has a sufficiently high wattage rating to
handle the line load when it is first applied to the RF line.
CAUTION
Use reasonable care in handling. Do not drop or subject the wattmeter
or elements to hard blows as accuracy may be impaired or other
damage may result.
CAUTION
Do not apply RF power to the wattmeter in excess of the full scale
range of the element.
CAUTION
When making low reflection readings using a more sensitive element,
take care to insert the element so that it senses reflected power only.
Do not rotate the element in the socket so that it is subjected to
forward power. This can result in damage to the Plug-In Element, the
microammeter, or both.
CAUTION
If other than Female N type connectors are used, limit power and
frequency to the capabilities of the RF coaxial cable or connectors used.
Damage to connectors or errors in reading could result.
Model 4314B Safety Statements
USAGE
ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT
SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR
THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION.
iii
USO
EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO
ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE
ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL
INSTRUMENTO.
BENUTZUNG
WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE
VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER
BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT
BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.
UTILISATION
TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI
N’EST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE FABRI-
CANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE PRO-
TECTION DE L’INSTRUMENT.
IMPRIEGO
QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE
UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME
SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZIONE DI
SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA.
SERVICE
SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SER-
VICE -TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID DAN-
GEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM ANY
SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.
SERVICIO
LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO
EXCLUSIVO DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO
CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE
DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÉN
SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO PARA
HACERIO.
WARTUNG
ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES GERÄTES
GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.
iv
ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE
SCHOCKS, SID WARTUNGSARBEITEN
AUSSCHLIEßLICH VON QUALIFIZIERTEM
SERVICEPERSONAL DURCHZUFÜHREN.
ENTRENTIEN
L’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN DOIT
ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ AUX
OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR PRÉVENIR UN
CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS
EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A PAS ÉTÉ
QUALIFIÉ POUR CE FAIRE.
ASSISTENZA TECNICA
LE ISTRUZIONI RELATIVE ALL’ASSISTENZA SONO
PREVISTE ESCLUSIVAMENTE PER IL PERSONALE
OPPORTUNAMENTE ADDESTRATO. PER EVITARE
PERICOLOSE SCOSSE ELETTRICHE NON
EFFETTUARRE ALCUNA RIPARAZIONE A MENO CHE
QUALIFICATI A FARLA.
RF VOLTAGE MAY BE PRESENT IN RF ELEMENT
SOCKET - KEEP ELEMENT IN SOCKET DURING OP-
ERATION.
DE LA TENSION H.F. PEAT ÊTRE PRÉSENTE DANS
LA PRISE DE L’ÉLÉMENT H.F. -CONSERVER
L’ÉLÉMENT DANS LA PRISE LORS DE L’EMPLOI.
HF-SPANNUNG KANN IN DER
HF-ELEMENT-BUCHSE ANSTEHEN -ELEMENT
WÄHREND DES BETRIEBS EINGESTÖPSELT
LASSEN.
PUEDE HABER VOLTAJE RF EN EL ENCHUFE DEL
ELEMENTO RF -MANTENGA EL ELEMENTO EN EL
ENCHUFE DURANTE LA OPERACION.
IL PORTAELEMENTO RF PUÒ PRESENTARE
VOLTAGGIO RF - TENERE L’ELEMENTO NELLA
PRESA DURANTE IL FUNZIONAMENTO.
v
About This Manual
This instruction book guides the user through the operation and maintenance
of the Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter.
This instruction book is arranged so that the essential information about
safety is in the front of the book. Reading the Safety Precautions section be-
fore operating the equipment is strongly advised.
The remainder of this manual is divided into chapters and sections. At the
beginning of each chapter, a general overview describes the contents of that
chapter.
Operation
First time users should read Chapter 1 - Introduction, Chapter 2 -
Installation, and Chapter 3 - Theory of Operation, to get an overview of
equipment capabilities. An experienced operator can refer to Chapter 4 - Op-
erating Instructions. All instructions necessary to operate the equipment are
in this chapter.
Maintenance
All personnel should be familiar with preventive maintenance found in Chap-
ter 5 - Maintenance. If a failure should occur, the troubleshooting section will
aid in isolating and repairing the failure.
Parts
For the location of major assemblies or parts, refer to the parts list in Chap-
ter 5 - Maintenance.
Changes To This Manual
We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate. If you should
discover any errors, or if you have suggestions for improving this manual,
please send your comments to our factory. This manual may be periodically
updated. When inquiring about updates to this manual refer to the part num-
ber and revision level on the title page.
vi
vii
Table of Contents
Safety Precautions ......................i
Warning Statements ....................ii
Caution Statements ....................iii
About This Manual .....................vi
Introduction .........................1
Purpose and Function ...................1
Description ........................1
Performance Characteristics and Capabilities .........1
Power Requirements ....................2
Additional Equipment ...................2
Standard Plug-In Elements .................2
Specifications .......................3
Installation .........................5
Portability ........................5
Connections........................5
Theory of Operation .....................9
Traveling Wave Viewpoint .................9
Coupling Circuit......................9
Peak Power Operation...................10
Component Description ..................14
Operating Instructions ...................17
Zero Adjust Meter ....................17
Plug-In Element Selection and Insertion ...........17
CW Power Measurements .................18
Peak Power Measurements.................18
Load power .......................18
Determining VSWR ....................19
Making Low Reflection Readings ..............22
Testing Lines, Connectors, Filters and Related Components. . . 22
Attenuation By Open Or Short Circuit............23
Measuring Percentage Of Positive Modulation ........23
Performance Notes ....................25
Shutdown ........................26
Maintenance ........................29
Cleaning ........................29
Preventative Maintenance .................29
Line Section Care ....................29
Inspection ........................30
viii
Bird Model 4314B RF Directional Thruline Wattmeter
Trouble Shooting .....................30
Troubleshooting Guide...................31
Battery Test .......................33
Battery Replacement ...................33
Meter Replacement ....................34
Instrumentation Module Replacement............36
RF Connector Replacement.................38
Calibration .......................38
Customer Service .....................40
Replacement Parts ....................41
Available QC Type Connectors ...............41
Table of contents
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