Bacharach LS-20B User manual

CONTENTS

Page

CHECKING MATERIAL RECEIVED................................................... 2

DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................... 2

Components....................................................................................... 4

OPERATION........................................................................................... 5

Preparation for Operation ................................................................ 5

Applications....................................................................................... 6

Operational Procedure...................................................................... 7

PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION............................................................. 9

MAINTENANCE .................................................................................. 10

Relling Leak Standard ................................................................ 10

Replacing Leak Capillary ............................................................... 13

APPLICATION DATA .......................................................................... 14

RENEWAL PARTS ............................................................................... 16

SERVICE CENTERS............................................................................ 17

IM 11U4B1-01E

3rd editiion

3015-1942

Type LS-20B

Leak Standard

Printed in U.S.A. ® Registered Trademark

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

WARRANTY

The Type LS-20B Leak Standard is warranted to be free from

defects in material or workmanship for a period of one year from the

date of purchase.

If your Leak Standard requires servicing because of any defects in

materials or workmanship, it will be serviced without charge. This

warranty does not extend to servicing or repairs resulting from mis-

handling, normal wear, or relling.

The sole obligation of the Bacharach, Inc. shall be limited to re-

pairing or replacing the Leak Standard or any part thereof, and in

no event shall Bacharach, Inc. be liable for special or consequential

damages.

CHECKING MATERIAL RECEIVED

The Type LS-20B Leak Standard, with accessories, is shipped in

one carton. Check to see that you have received all items (see Fig. 1).

Examine the Leak Standard immediately for any damage that may

have occurred in transit. If damage is found, a damage claim should

be led with the transportation company, and the nearest Bacharach

service center should be notied promptly.

DESCRIPTION

The Type LS-20B Leak Standard is a simple, accurate instrument

which expels a halogen compound gas, Refrigerant-12 or Refrigerant-

134a, through a glass capillary marked PROBE, to the atmosphere at

a known rate. This known rate is adjustable when using an LS-20B

Leak Standard. The Leak Standard is intended primarily for use with

Bacharach halogen-sensitive leak detectors.

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

Description

Fig. 1. Type LS-20B Leak Standard and Accessories

Fig. 2. Type LS-20B, Outline Dimensions

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

COMPONENTS

The Type LS-20B Leak Standard is a compact instrument consist-

ing of the following seven functional components (see Fig. 3):

1. A direct reading LEAK RATE gage (calibrated in ounces of R-12

or R-134a per year).

2. A PROBE tting in the center of which is a glass leak capillary.

A different capillary is used for each leak rate.

3. An INCREASE valve and control knob.

4. A DECREASE valve and control knob.

5. A VENT (with protective cap) for exhausting R-12 /R-134a gas.

6. A TANK for holding liquid R-12 /R-134a.

NOTE: The tank contains some R-12 / R-134a refrig-

erant when shipped from the factory.

7. A Reservior for holding R-12 / R-134a gas at a pressure corre-

sponding to the desired leak rate.

Fig. 3. Type LS-20B Leak Standard

INCREASE VALVE

CONTROL KNOB

DECREASE VALVE

CONTROL KNOB

PROBE

FITTING

VENT

FUSIBLE

PLUG

TANK

(LIQUID)

LEAK RATE

GAGE

CONNECTOR

TUBE ASM.

CAPILLARY

HOUSING

RESERVOIR

(REFRIGERANT GAS)

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

OPERATION

PREPARATION FOR OPERATION

1. Remove the protective caps from the leak capillary in PROBE

tting and from the VENT.

2. To increase the leak rate, slowly turn the INCREASE valve

knob counterclockwise until the instrument’s LEAK RATE gage

pointer starts to move up scale. As the pointer approaches the

desired leak rate, gradually close the INCREASE valve so that

the pointer will stop at the desired leak rate. If the instrument

pointer continues to go up scale, this is an indication that the

INCREASE valve is not closed, make sure the INCREASE valve

is rmly closed.

CAUTION:

Avoid running the instrument pointer off scale. This

can subject the instrument to as much as 500%, over-

pressure. Although the unit can withstand the over-

load, repeated abuse may damage it.

3. To decrease the leak rate,

slowly turn the DECREASE

valve knob counterclockwise

until the instrument’s pointer

starts to move down scale. As

the pointer approaches the

desired leak rate, gradually

close the DECREASE valve so

that the pointer will stop at

the desired leak rate. If the instrument pointer continues to go

down scale, this is an indication that the DECREASE valve is

not closed. Make sure the DECREASE valve is rmly closed.

4. After increasing or decreasing the leak rate, be sure both valves

are closed by turning each knob fully clockwise.

5. After increasing or decreasing the leak rate and valves are

rmly closed, wait approximately one minute for the leak rate

to stabilize before calibrating your leak detector.

Operation

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

NOTE: When the leak rate is being decreased, the

refrigerant gas is allowed to escape through the Vent to

atmosphere. During this operation it is best to remove

the Leak Standard from the test area. If this is not pos-

sible, attach the VENT TUBING to the vent and lead

the tubing out a window or to the oor.

6. The Leak Standard is now ready for use.

APPLICATIONS

The Leak Standard may be used in several ways:

• To check the operation and sensitivity of the leak detector:

The probe of the detector to be checked is moved past the

PROBE FITTING of the Leak Standard, which is set at the

maximum leak rate allowable for any single leak on the item

being leak tested. If an adequate signal is obtained, the leak

detector has sufcient sensitivity (or more) to detect this rate

of leak.

• To determine size of leaks: If the Leak Standard is set so that

the leak detector gives the same signal for the Leak Standard as for

the leak, the Leak Standard then indicates the size of the leak.

• To extend the useful life of the sensing element of the leak

detector: Users frequently replace the detector’s sensing ele-

ment long before the end of its useful life. A sensing element can

be used until it no longer responds to the desired setting of the

Leak Standard. Additionally, the Leak Standard permits use of

the lowest possible heater current to provide adequate leak de-

tector sensitivity. These practices increase sensor life and result

in reduced maintenance and lower replacement costs.

• To simplify establishment of leak-rate specications:

The Leak Standard makes feasible the establishment of leak-

rate specications and provides a uniform standard for calibrat-

ing leak detectors at each location of product inspection. This

assures agreement of all tests.

• To improve product quality: By calibrating leak detectors

with the Leaks Standard, it is now possible to locate and repair

all signicant leaks, thus assuring high quality work.

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE

CAUTION:

Never allow any grease or liquid to enter the LEAK

CAPILLARY, as it may plug or alter its leak rate.

When the Leak Standard is not in use, it is recom-

mended that the instrument pointer be set at half

scale, and that the PROTECTIVE CAPS be placed

over the VENT and LEAK CAPILLARY. This must be

done in order to prevent plugging of the capillary.

When unit or system contains 100% R-12 / R-134a

With the Leak Standard prepared for use as described under

PREPARATION FOR OPERATION on Page 5, proceed as follows:

1. Turn on your leak detector and allow it to warm-up for the time

prescribed in the applicable leak detector instruction manual.

NOTE: Before performing the following step, it is

necessary to blow your breath lightly over the LEAK

CAPILLARY on the Leak Standard — at a distance

of about 15 inches. This will eliminate any refriger-

ant that may have accumulated around the LEAK

CAPILLARY.

2. Pass the tip of the leak detector probe

past the PROBE tting on the Leak

Standard at a rate of about one inch

per second, so that the tip of the

probe just grazes the front circular

edge of the PROBE tting and passes

across the center of the PROBE t-

ting. (See Fig. 4.) DO NOT LET THE

LEAK DETECTOR PROBE TOUCH

THE GLASS CAPILLARY. If probe is

allowed to touch, YOU MAY BREAK

THE GLASS CAPILLARY.

Operation

Fig. 4. Checking

Sensitivity of Leak

Detector

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

3. Repeat the above procedure, reducing or increasing the sensitiv-

ity of the leak detector each time, until the leak detector signal

is adequate.

4. Replace the protective cap on the LEAK CAPILLARY and pro-

ceed to probe the suspected leak area, following the procedure

outlined in the leak detector’s instruction manual.

A leak that gives the same leak signal as the Leak Standard is the

same size as indicated by the Leak Standard. A larger or smaller

signal indicates a larger or smaller leak, respectively.

If it is desired to determine the size of any leak that is located,

adjust the Leak Standard in 0.1 ounce increments (waiting approxi-

mately one minute after each change) until the signal caused by the

Leak Standard is the same as that caused by the leak. The Leak

Standard now indicates the size of the leak in question.

When unit or system contains less than 100% R-12 / R-134a

For this application the Leak Standard may be used to calibrate a

leak detector; however, a leak from the vessel (such as a tank, pipe,

or steam condenser), that produces the same leak signal as does the

Leak Standard, will have a total leak rate that is approximately in-

versely proportional to the percent R-12 / R-134a in the enclosure.

Example: with 10% Refrigerant-12 used in the enclosure and a

Leak Standard indication of 1.0 ounce per year, the leak rate is

1.0x10, or 10 ounces per year.

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

The Type LS-20B Leak Standard is shown schematically in Fig.5;

and operates as discussed below.

The ller tank provides a supply or R-12 / R-134a liquid under its

own partial pressure.

The INCREASE valve controls the amount of refrigerant gas fed

from the ller tank to the ballast tank, the leak-rate gage, and the

leak capillary. The pressure in the system is maintained by the bal-

last tank. With the INCREASE and DECREASE valves closed, the

system is practically in a static state, except for the minute amount of

refrigerant gas that escapes through the leak capillary.

The DECREASE valve provides a means of decreasing the pressure

built up in the system. With the DECREASE valve opened, refriger-

ant gas is allowed to escape through the VENT opening on the front

of the Leak Standard.

The rate of refrigerant gas escaping through the leak capillary is a

function of the pressure in the system and is indicated on the LEAK

RATE gage in ounces per year.

Operation

Fig. 5. Type LS-20B Schematic Diagram

Type LS-20B Leak Standard

MAINTENANCE

REFILLING LEAK STANDARD

When the supply of liquid refrigerant in the TANK is exhausted,

the Leak Standard will no longer respond to the opening of the

INCREASE valve, which indicates relling is needed. Please read

through all the steps before proceeding.

A 15-ounce can of R-12 / R-134a refrigerant in a “Can-O-Gas” or

“Charg-A-Can” container needs to be procured through your local

refrigeration supply house.

1. Remove screw from center of back cover of Leak Standard, and

then remove and set aside back cover.

2. Remove center section of Leak Standard (the center section has

the handle attached to it), and lay the center section on its side.

WARNING!

It is recommended that safety glasses

with non-perforated side shields be worn

during this relling procedure, as liquid

refrigerant can be damaging to the eyes.

In Steps 3, 4, and 5 below, some refriger-

ant gas may leak out while performing

these steps; therefore, avoid coming in

contact with the gas.

CAUTION:

In order to assure that no dirt or other contamination

gets into the LS-20B during relling operations, make

sure that all couplings and valves are clean.

NOTE: Because refrigerant gas will escape during the

relling operation, this procedure should be performed

outside the testing area to avoid contaminating the air

in the area.

3. Connect the can valve (supplied with the Leak Standard) to the

can of refrigerant in the following manner:

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