CNC3D Nighthawk CNC Controller User manual

Nighthawk CNC Controller

User Manual

Nighthawk controller Specifications

Input voltage:

Mounting:

Onboard Drivers:

Total Axes:

Enclosure:

Enclosure finish:

14V –40V(max) DC

Bench / wall

4 x 4.5A (max)

Folded steel

Powder coated

Power Usage:

SD Support:

SD Format:

Wifi frequency:

Operating frequency:

Antenna:

320w (max)

Class 4-10 (Up to 32gb)

FAT32 required

2.4ghz

240mhz

4.5db gain

Safety precautions

•Please read this entire manual before using your new Nighthawk controller

or CNC3D Commander software.

•Please ensure any relevant PPE equipment is worn or used when operating

any CNC machine. This includes safety glasses for using any lasers.

•CNC machines can be dangerous and must be operated with diligence and

safety in mind.

By using this controller and or any associated software, you acknowledge

and agree that you are taking full responsibility for any damage to

property, machinery, person or persons that could potentially occur as a

result of using this product. CNC3D PTY LTD will not be held liable or

responsible in any way for the misuse or use of this product.

Hardware setup

Getting to know the hardware settings and configuration of

your Nighthawk CNC Controller.

Did you get your Nighthawk controller with a CNC3D QueenBee, SharpCNC or

Nighthawk CNC machine?

Every Nighthawk controller provided with our fully assembled machines are tuned by our team for

the best performance and longevity. You will not need to change any hardware settings on your

controller and you can skip this section and move on to the Connection setup section of these

instructions.

Power input orientation

The positive terminal is located closest to the Antenna plug. Please ensure to use a 14V minimum

power supply with a total wattage rating greater than 300w.

1.Setting your micro-stepping and current

The drivers included with your controller have physical settings that can be adjusted to suit your

needs these include micro-stepping and current output settings.

**PLEASE NOTE**

Always ensure the unit is powered OFF and the USB cable is disconnected before performing any micro-

stepping changes.

Settings Micro-stepping

Each drive has the option of 1 / [1, 2, 4, 8, 16]micro-stepping settings. For most CNC routing

applications, a 1/8 ratio is a good balance of torque, accuracy and maximum speed.

The front of your Nighthawk controller shows 4 blue tactile switch blocks. These blocks are used to

set your micro-stepping. They can be seen here:

A small pick or screwdriver can be used to set the micro-stepping from the front of the unit or the

controller cover can be removed to make setting the values easier, see below for removing cover.

Each of these switch blocks has 3 small switches

for setting your micro-stepping.

The default on your controller will be 1/8.

Please note the ON position and switch number:

Micro-stepping settings chart

Set the switches for each drive in the order as per the table below to choose your micro-stepping options.

Setting the current for each driver

Each driver can have its current set to match the motors you are using on your machine. As noted

above, if you have purchased your machine from CNC3D and it came with a Nighthawk controller

then generally the current has already been set for you.

As a general rule you should always set the current of your motors slightly lower than the value as

per your motor’s datasheet.

There are 2 methods for setting your motors current, the first is a “quick”method and should be

used with caution to ensure you do not overdrive your motors.

1. Remove the controller cover

Ensure all plugs or leads on the front of the controller are unplugged.

Tip: Try using a flat head screw driver to lever the plugs out gently:

❖Remove the antenna (if attached) by unscrewing it from the gripped black plastic part of the

antenna.

❖Using a Phillips head screw driver, carefully unscrew the black power connector from the

controller housing. Take note of the orientation of the RED power cable to ensure it goes

back in the same orientation.

❖Carefully lever the fan cover off the side of controller to expose the bolts attaching the fan.

Loosen these bolts and carefully remove the fan. Take care to ensure no stress is put on the

fan cable in the cable slot. Remember the orientation of the fan. The Nighthawk is designed

to have cool air blowing into the enclosure.

❖Now remove the remaining 4 bolts on top of the enclosure. Once removed, carefully lever

the front of the housing upward. It should lift away quite easily by using both hands to hold

the heatsink at the bottom while removing the top cover. Now that the front cover is loose,

flip it towards the back of the enclosure taking care not to unplug or damage any wires.

Everything should look like this:

2. Set the current for each stepper.

There are 4 blue screw trim pots and setting guides at the rear of the controller on the lower green

driver board, they are used for setting the current, see photo of what they look like:

Each dial has a guide above it to indicate roughly what the current setting is. The quick method for

setting your current is by visually adjusting the dial using a small Phillips head screw driver. See

diagram below of where the indicator is, there are 2 notches either side of it. See also below the

approximate value of each chevron on the dial:

It is important to note that this is a very rough method of setting your motor current and the

following finetuning method will be a better option.

Fine tuning your motor current

Firstly, you must connect power to the power input terminal on the side of the controller. Please be

careful with the orientation of the connections. Generally

Just to the left of each of the blue dials there is a small solder-tinned hole, generally these are

labelled as V(axis) i.e: VX. These holes are used for precisely setting your motor current. There is

also another hole on the far left of all of the blue dials labelled “GND”.

Using a multimeter set to voltage mode we can position the multimeter black probe on the GND

hole on the board and position the red probe on the hole closest to the driver you wish to set.

Once your multimer probes are in position and a voltage is showing, use a small screw driver to carefully turn

the blue dial being set, rotate clockwise to increase current and counter-clockwise to decrease the current.

While turning, check the voltage change on your multimeter for the expected value.

The equations used for setting your current are:

Current = Voltage / 0.62

Which is equivalent to:

Voltage = Current x 0.62

Current is represented in amps (A) and 1000mA = 1A

Based on these equations if we are trying to set our current to 3A exactly we must have a reading of 1.86V.

As advised above, it is recommended to go slightly lower than the rated current. In this case we would set

the voltage reading to 1.84V.

Once you have set the current for each axis, you can power off the controller and reassemble the enclosure

in the same order it came apart from, keeping on mind to ensure the power connector and fan go back in the

same orientation. When fitting the enclosure back onto the electronics, take note to ensure the antenna

cable, fan cable and ribbon cable are not pinched anywhere by the case. Also remember to re-attach the

antenna. Once everything is fitted, use your fingers to push the fan cable back inside the enclosure. It should

look like this:

2.Connecting your stepper motors

The drivers on your Nighthawk support the connection for 4-wire stepper motors. Generally, these

motors have 2 pairs of motor poles. Connecting them to your controller should be relatively

straight forward.

**PLEASE NOTE**

Always ensure the unit is powered OFF and the USB cable is disconnected before connecting or

disconnecting any motors from your controller.

Use a small flat head screwdriver to attach your motor wires to the green plugs.

The motor connections are shown here, check your motors datasheet for the wiring colours of your motors

to match them to the controller.

3.Connecting your other wires

The front of your controller has a label indicating the wiring for your limit switches, probe,

laser and VFD connections. Use a small flat head screw driver to secure wires to the

connectors. It is recommended to use solder-tinned wires or bootlace crimped wires for a safe

and secure fit.

** Laser Warning **

Care must to be taken when attaching or working with any lasers. After connecting them to

the controller, ensure that the laser is pointed away from any people or animals and that you

are wearing appropriate laser PPE before powering on your controller.

Limit switches

X: The X axis limit switch. Generally does not matter which orientation is connected.

Y: The Y axis limit switch. Generally does not matter which orientation is connected.

Z: The Z axis limit switch. Generally does not matter which orientation is connected.

A: The A axis limit switch. Generally does not matter which orientation is connected.

Aux

Probe: A probe connection. If issues occur when probing try swapping wire orientation.

Power

3 x 12+: General 12V rail. Can be used for powering inductive PNP limit switches.

3 x GND: General ground rail. Can be used for powering inductive PNP limit switches.

Please note: Take care to ensure these pins are never shorted. The internal resetting fuse should

protect the controller but it is still not recommended to short these outputs.

Laser

12V:This pin is used for powering a 12V diode laser, it applies to both 2 pin and 3 pin lasers.

PWM: This is an intensity signal, applies to 3 wire lasers only.

2P GND: This pin is used for the negative wire of a 2 pin laser.

3P Ground: This pin is used for the negative wire of a 3 pin laser.

VFD

V0-10:This pin is used for setting the speed on most common VFDs, It is a 0-10V varying output.

FOR: This is the signal wire to tell the VFD to spin forward.

REV: This is the signal wire to tell the VFD to spin in reverse.

ACM DCM: This pin is generally connected to the ACM and DCM ports on the VFD for control.

Please note: You will need to refer to your VFD manual for instructions on setting these connections

up. If unsure, reach out to a licensed electrician for assistance. Due to the large number of variations

with VFD manufactures and brands, CNC3D do not provide support for setting this up.

Table of contents

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