Casio AL-8 User manual

Table of contents

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••

CARE

OF

YOUR

NEW

•

•

T

fie

c

a

Icblato

r

i

s

a

durably,

pracfek>n%iade

mstrurbeot

which

w*ll

•;

r-

pfbvide

you

yvnfb

years(pf

troUble-free

sarvice^::..:.^

;

;

To

help

erasure

this

vye

recommend

that

the

in

sidp

P

f

t

He

epic

u!

at©

f

/

;:

n

at

/

be

to

uphed.

it

is

a

Iso.i

h

ad

^

isabi

e

to

subject

five

palp

ulator

to

•

hard

knocks;

drops^"

and

uhduly

strong

key

.pressing,

;?"*••/:

■

Extreme

cold

(below

32-

or

heat

(abov

a

ltd

humidity

may

ais

o

effect

the

f

ii

h

eti

d

h•>

of

th

•

*#

I

(

j

^

*

t

»

•

•

*0*

0

00

^0^00

|*

•

0

’

you

do

not

/use

the

calculator

for

a<

long

pei

batteries

to

pfeveh

t£dam

a

g

e

if

the

batteries

leak*:

be

taken

not

to

!eave

the

daad

batteries

inside

th

make

sure

you

switch

off

the

poOver

When

you

iationsbr

Intend

to

open

the

cover

to

change

be

S

bo

.ul

d

the

calc

ul

a

to

r

heed

s

e

rvice>

t

a

ke

the

uni

1

purchased

or

to

a

nearby

dealer.:;V„.

IIMTROOUCTIOIM

Dear

Customer,

Congratulations

on

your

purchase

of

this

superb

little

electronic

cal¬

culator

with

all

the

basic

and

some

very

special

calculating

abilities.

This

high

precision

electronic

calculator

will

serve

you

well

for

years

if

properly

looked

after.

To

handle

the

calculators

many

abilities

is

relatively

easy

but

we

suggest

you

spend

a

few

minutes

with

this

instruction

manual

if

you

want

to

make

full

use

of

its

versatile

features.

INDEX

1.

KEYBOARD

.

2.

DISPOSABLE

DRY

BATTERY

OR

AC

OPERATION

3.

OVERFLOW

CHECK.

4.

BASIC

OPERATIONAL

EXAMPLES.

!!!!!!.!

5.

MU

LTIP

L1CATION/DI

VIS

I

ON

WITH

A

CONSTANT

6.

PERCENTAGE

CALCULATION.

7.

MEMORY

CALCULATION.

8.

CALCULATIONS

USING

THEQKEY.

9.

APPLICATIONS.

10.

S

PECIFICATIONS

.

1

4

5

6

7

i

KEYBOARD

POWER

SWITCH:

Move

the

left-side

switch

forward

to

start

a

calculation.

READ-OUT

\

_Oj

:

,

.

Shows

each

entry

and

result

through

a

Digitron

tube

panel,

suppressing

unnecessary

0's

(zeroes).

The

fraction

and

time

in

sexagesimal

scale

are

displayed

with

the

symbols

("_l"

and

"

□

"

)

respectively

as

follows.

[Example]

45

TL

is

disp

|

a

ye

d

:

.

|

4

5

-

i12_«23T

63

hours

52

minutes

41

seconds

is

displayed:

[

6

3

a

5

2

a

41,

NUMERAL/DECIMAL

POINT

KEY

©

-

®,

0

:

,

.

,

Enters

numerals.

For

decimal

places

use

the

0

key

*

n

l°

9

i

cal

sequence.

FUNCTION

COMJV1AND/RESULT

KEYS

□

,Q

,Q

,Q

,Q

:

Press

the

numeral

and

function

command

keys

in

the

same

logical

sequence

as

the

formula

and

the

£3

key

obtains

the

answer.

To

correct

a

function

command,

depress

the

appropriate

key

{E3,Q,Q

r

or

fl).

<

MEMORY

PLUS

(MINUS)

KEY(2J(GB):

Transfers

the

number

displayed

to

the

memory

positively

(negatively).

Obtains

answers

in

four

functions

and

automatically

accumulates

them

into

the

memory

positively

(negatively),

MEMORY

RECALL

KEY®:

Recalls

contents

of

the

memory

without

clearing

the

same.

MEMORY

CLEAR

KEY

Q

Clears

the

contents

of

the

memory.

NOTE:

When

the

function

mode

selector

mentioned

below

is

set

at

the

"SD(a)"

position,

the

CD

,

CD

*

C3

&

123

Leys

obtain

the

arithmetical

mean,

number

of

data,

the

sum

of

square

and

the

sum

respectively

in

statistical

calculations.

PERCENT

KEY

B!|:

Performs

percentage

calculations

including

mark-ups/discounts,

CLEAR

KEY

H:

Clears

entry

for

correction.

When

depressed

after

function

commands,

it

clears

entire

machine

except

the

memory,

ALL

CLEAR

KEYffl:

Clears

entire

machine

except

the

independent

memory,

and

also

releases

overflow

check.

r

CUT

5*

DECIMAL

MODE

SELECTOR

r~IT

~)

:

At

the

"P"

position,

the

decimal

floats

and

the

underflow

system

works

to

protect

the

significant

digits.

At

the

"CUT"

position,

an

answer

is

automatically

cut

off

at

2

decimal

places,

applying

floating

mode

for

entry

and

intermediate

result.

At

the

"5/4”

position,

an

answer

is

rounded

off

in

a

similar

way

to

the

above.

h

Of

ff

\T

GT

rem

tuns

SD«n

FUNCTION

MODE

SELECTOR

I

il

1

:

By

setting

the

selector

at

the

appropriate

position,

the

Q

key

per¬

forms

the

following

operations:

At

the

”\T

0

t

position,

ft

extracts

the

square

root.

At

the

"GT"

position,

it

recalls

the

total

accumulated

by

the

0

key.

At

the

"rem"

position,

it

obtains

the

remainder

while

the

0

key

gives

the

integer

answer

in

division.

At

the

position,

it

performs

fractional

calculations

and

also

converts

the

answer

obtained

as

a

fraction

by

the

0

key

to

the

decimal

scale.

At

the

"hms"

Position,

it

performs

time

calculations

(or

angle

cal¬

culations)

and

also

converts

the

answer

obtained

as

a

decimal

by

the

0

key

to

the

sexagesimal

scale.

At

the

"SD(a)"

position,

it

retrieves

the

standard

deviation

in

statistical

calculations.

PRE-PROGRAMMED

FUNCTION

KEYQ;

In

combination

with

the

function

mode

selector,

it

performs,

the

above

operations.

5/DISPOSABLE

DRY

BATTERY

OR

AC

OPERATION

This

calculator

operates

on

either

dry

batteries

or

AC

with

the

use

of

the

AC

adaptor.

DRY

BATTERY

OPERATION

With

two

A

A

size

Manganese

dry

batteries

(SUM-3)

it

operates

for

approximately

10

hours

continuously.

A

decrease

in

battery

power

is

indicated

by

J#

0/'

recuring

on

the

display,

or

when

all

except

the

first

column

figures

grow

dim.

Batteries

should

at

this

time

be

renewed.

When

you

have

finished

your

calcula¬

tion,

be

sure

to

switch

off

the

power

to

save

the

battery.

To

change

batteries,

put

the

power

switch

off

first.

Slide

open

the

battery

cover

and

replace

batteries.

AC

OPERATION

Use

only

an

adaptor

with

the

same

voltage

rating

(110,

117,

220

or

(4)

240V)

as

your

supply

to

prevent

component

damage.

If

in

doubt,

ask

your

local

dealer.

Plug

the

AC

adaptor

into

the

AC

outlet

and

the

cord

into

the

calculator,

this

automatically

cuts

off

battery

power

supply.

*To

prevent

damage

to

the

calculator,

USE

ONLY

THE

AC

ADAPTOR

recommended

by

your

dealer.

3/OVERFLOW

CHECK

Overflow

is

indicated

by

the

"£/'

sign

and

stops

further

calculation.

To

release

the

locked

registers

caused

by

the

overflow

check,

depress

the

Q3

key.

Overflow

occurs:

1)

In

the

J

'

F

"

mode,

when

an

answer,

whether

intermediate

or

final,

or

an

accumulated

total

in

the

memory

exceeds

8

digit

integers

(or

7

digits,

when

the

figure

is

negative.).

2)

In

the

J

'

5/4"

or

“CUT"

mode,

when

the

integer

part

of

a

final

answer

or

an

accumulated

total

in

the

memory

exceeds

6

digits

(5

digits,

when

the

figure

is

negative.).

3}

When

a

fractional

calculation

is

performed

with

the

denominator

4/BASIC

OPERATIONAL.

EXAMPLES

*

There

is

no

need

to

depress

the

Q

or

Q

key

prior

to

starting

each

new

calculation.

*

ft

is

necessary

to

set

the

function

mode

sefector

at

the

Position

unless

otherwise

instructed.

Note:

To

perform

a

problem

commencing

with

a

negative

figure

operate

©

s

®

ENTRY

in

sequence.

EXAMPLE

_

OPERATION

_

READ-OUT

(-2,6)X7=-18.2

"F"

QB2Q6Q7Q

1

^1872]

2X{-3)~-(-8)

=

=0,75

"F"

2D3BB

S8BB

S

MULTIPLICATION/D!VISION

WITH

A

CONSTANT

ENTRYQQ(BB)

ENTRYQ.Obtains

product

(quotient}.

ENTRYBl.Obtains

product

(quotient).

Number

entered

is

set

as

a

constant

multiplier

(divisor}.

*To

renew

the

constant,

follow

the

same

operation

steps

as

above.

*

The

constant

is

released

when

normal

calculating

is

performed.

EXAMPLE

(K)

2.3

x

1

2=

27.6

9

xi2=108

4.56X12=

54.72

OPERATION

READ-OUT

EXAMPLE

OPERATION

READ-OUT

(JO

74

=2.5=29.6

85.2=2.5=34.08

6

=2.5=

2.4

(K)

3x6x4=

72

3x6x5=

90

3X6X6=108

306E304EI

29.6

34,08

2.4

7Z

90.

108.

*

Square

/powers

and

reciprocals

are

performed

as

follows.

EXAMPLE

OPERATION

READ-OUT

1.7

Z

=

2.89

1.7

3

=

4.913

1.7

4

=8.3521

107QDB

0

S

2.89

4.913

8.3521

1

4

42

0.25

0.0625

4

EXAMPLE

OPERATION

READ-OUT

=0.4561403

"5/4"

12EI45BS26Q

[

~

0.47?]

6

PERCENTAGE

CALCULATION

The

E3

key

performs

percentage

calculations

with

x/-r

operations.

De¬

pressing

Q

or

Oiromediately

after

the

key

gives

a

mark-up

or

discount.

EXAMPLE

_

OPERATION

6%of

7530.

451.8

"F"

753OQ60

Percentage

of

789

against

1230

.

64.15

"5/4"

789B123O0

READOUT

451781

64.1

Si

*

A

constant

is

a/so

utilized

in

percentage

calculations.

15%

mark-up

of

1600„

,

1840

25%

discount

of

7890.

.

5917.5

J,

F

"

1600Q15S

*

1840.

"F"

7890Q25E3Q

I

7/MEMORY

CALCULATION

□

ENTRYQ

ENTRY

HQ

(GB)

.

4

Obtains

an

answer

and

auto¬

matically

accumulates

it

into

the

memory

positively

(negatively).

ENTRY

Q(B,D,C3)

ENTRY

CD

(Cfl)

.

.

Obtains

an

answer

and

auto-

!

*

’

|

matically

accumulates

it

into

the

memory

positively

(negatively).

*

03

....

Recalls

the

accumulated

to-

I

tal

in

the

memory

without

clearing

the

same.

1

—-

>

Clears

contents

of

the

memory.

*

Be

sure

to

depress

the

QS

key

prior

to

starting

a

memory

calculation.

EXAMPLE

_

OPERATION

READ-OUT

53X21=1113

+)

46x37—1

702

2815

70+40+100—210

-}80~

5+

20=

95

115

"F"

B3

70E940Q

1

0

Offl

800

5

0

200

S/CALCULATIONS

USING

THE

Q

KEY

This

calculator

enables

you

to

perform

various

kinds

of

practical

cal¬

culations

by

using

the

Q

key

in

combination

with

the

function

mode

selector.

NOTE:

PLEASE

STICK

THE

LABEL

ENCLOSED

TO

THE

BACK

OF

THE

CALCULATOR

FOR

YOUR

REFERENCE,

8-1

Square

root

calculation

With

the

function

mode

selector

at

the

"V~"

position,

the

Q

key

ex¬

tracts

the

square

root

of

the

number

displayed

up

to

8

digits,

regardless

of

any

decimal

setting.

The

minus

sign

(—)

appears

when

a

negative

figure

is

extracted.

EXAMPLE

_

vT5>3.4641016„

W2

+

/3J

+

/5

=1.4070522

8-2

Automatic

accumulation

With

the

function

mode

selector

at

the

"GT"

position,

the

□

key

transfers

the

number

on

display,

whether

entry

or

result,

to

the

memory

independent

of

the

CD

,

CD

,

0

and

0

keys,

and

the

Q

key

recalls

the

contents

of

the

memory.

Depress

the

0

key

to

clear

the

contents

of

the

memory

accumulated

by

the

5

key.

EXAMPLE

_

53+6=59

23-8=

15

56x2=112

+)

99+4=

24,75

210,75

OPERATION

READ-OUT

053060

□

2+3+4

=

9

5+6+7

=18

+)

12+3.14=15.14

42.

14

7+8-9=

6

65

+)

45X1,3

=58.5

129.5

Grand

total:

1

71.64

"GT

u

jiru

ESC32O3H40

5Q6EJ7Q

1

2Q3GD140

QCQ

(E7H8Q90

4501030

1^2

__Sk.

18.

15.14

42.14

6

.

65.

58.5

129,5

171.64

8-3

Remainder

in

division

With

the

function

mode

selector

at

the

"rem"

position,

the

Q

key

obtains

the

remainder

while

the

E3

key

delivers

the

integer

answer

for

the

quotient

in

division.

Even

if

the

decimal

mode

selector

is

set

either

at

the

"5/4"

or

the

"CUT"

position,

the

quotient

is

always

displayed

in

integer

figures.

8-4

Fractional

calculation

With

the

function

mode

selector

at

the

position,

fractional

cal¬

culations

can

be

performed

.

The

display

capacity

as

a

fraction,

whether

entry

or

result,

is

limited

to

max.

3

digits

for

each

integer,

numerator

or

denominator

part

and

at

the

same

time

to

a

max.

6

digits

in

the

sum

of

each

part.

When

an

answer

exceeds

the

above

capacity,

it

is

automatically

con¬

verted

to

the

decimal

scale.

*

During

fractional

calculations,

if

the

independent

memory

keys

(CD,

QB)

is

depressed,

overflow

occurs.

*The

decimal

mode

selector

is

also

not

effective

in

fractional

calcula¬

tions.

EXAMPLE

_

3^

(=3.65)

4

5

20

Depression

of

the

5

key

after

the0key

converts

the

answer

in

fractions

to

the

decimal

scale.

However,

the

decimal

answer

can

not

be

re-converted

to

the

fractional

scale.

EXAMPLE

_

OPERATION

READ-OUT

3-4^

_

8

il

(Reduction)

3B456B78

*

During

a

fractional

calculation,

a

figure

is

reduced

to

the

lowest

terms

by

depressing

a

function

command

key

(EXOcQor

0)

or

the

B

key

if

the

figure

is

reducible

as

above.

12

45

102030

4B506B

708090

1

j2»i3.

8_>1

_

i

1

8

.

1

j

3

_

i

1

4

2

.

*

The

answer

in

a

calculation

performed

between

a

fraction

and

a

decimal

is

displayed

as

a

decimal.

23

45

xl

2.5=6.3888888

"a

c

23045

23-i45.

2Q5B

16.3888888

*The

answer

in

a

calculation

with

constant

and/or

percentage

is

also

displayed

as

a

decimal.

EXAMPLE

5

741

x

~-=61

7.49999

6

963x-§

=802,49999

D

75%

mark-up

of

=1

1.225609

789

123

OPERATION

"a-Q

"

c

"5/4'

1

c

50600

741

B

78901230

750

READ-OUT

0.8333333

617.49999

802.49999

6-i17->41.

4.8109756

1

1.225609

8-5

Time

calculation

With

the

function

mode

selector

at

the

"hms"

position,

time

calculation,

or

calculations

such

as

angles

are

performed

as

a

decimal.

Depression

of

the

Q

key

after

the

B

key

converts

the

answer

obtained

as

a

decimal

to

the

sexagesimal

scale.

*

During

time

calculations,

if

the

independent

memory

key

(SB,

£5)

is

depressed,

overflow

occurs.

*

The

decimal

mode

selector

is

also

not

effective

in

time

calculations.

^