Casio V.P.A.M fx-100s User manual

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}x-100s

}x-I15s

}x-570s

}x-991s

ENGLISH

i

a,

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CASIO

®

GENERAL

KEYS

All

clear

(ce

Ce

be

[Backspace

sf)

MEMORY

KEYS

:

Key

[Memory

clear

[232]

Independent

memory

18.

229

recall

’

Independent

memory

18

229

in

:

[Memory

ps

[18,232

[Memory

recall

18,

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store

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Exponent

ft

Sexagesimal

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decimal

notation

conversion

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tee

“[

224,

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Rounding

off

internat

7

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tdaie

mite

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SUS

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aes

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eats

rae

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:

(or)

|

FUNCTION

KEYS

Polar

to

rectangulari;

;

‘Percent

_

ovitegel

|

Random

number

oat

i

Imaginary

number

Real.+

Imaginary

”

~

te

3

Statistical

memory

clear.,

_

:

[|

Conetation

cootficent|

358

[Estimator

[asa

When

inserting

the

unit

into

the-Hard

case,

be

sure

to

correctly

align

the

tabs

of

the

case

with

the

grooves

on

the

sides

of

the

unit,

and

then

slide

the

unit

in

place.

(fx-570s/991s)

o

~

a

LEER

TERT.

$775

7

©

[fx-1158)"

é

3

i

i

:

Joba

Ge

ort

raat

3)

a

RE

Congratulations

on

your

selection

of

a

CASIO

Scien-

tific

Calculator.

Though

operation

of

this

calculator

is

quite

simple,

we

suggest

that

you

read

this

operation

manual

to

become

familiar

with

the

many

features

and

functions

that

are

now

at

your

fingertips.

.

To

help

ensure

years

of

trouble-free

operation,

do

not

touch

the

inside

of

the

calculator,

avoid

strong

impact,

and

do

not

press

on

the

keys

with

undue

force.

Also

remember

that

extreme

cold

(below

0°C

or

32°F),

heat

(above

40°C

or

104

°F),

and

humidity

can

have

an

af-

fect

on

the

functions

of

the

calculator.

Never

use

lac-

quer

thinner,

benzine,

or

other

volatile

fluids

to

clean

the

calculator.

For

servicing,

contact

your

retailer

or

anearby

dealer.

|

Before

starting

a

calculation,

be

sure

to

press

the

key

and

confirm

that-’’0.”’

is

shown

on

the

display.

*

Special

care

should

be

taken

to

avoid

damaging

the

unit

by

bending

or

dropping

it,

For

example,

do

not

carry

it

in-your

hip

pocket.

--

Saver

«faye,

Tae

Ste

SOME

PR

ees

me

Bie

rn

rae

amma

|

6°

B8eZS

ore?

Mae?

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oer

ar

INDEX.::.

eye

Blog:

tk

ees

ae

.

1LOPERATIONAL

FLOW

22

7

2/BEFORE

BEGINNING

CALCULATIONS..........

15

'

3/

CALCULATION

RANGE

AND:SCI

5

zyor

24

NOTATION

20.

1288

RS

Lo.

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4

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CORRECTIONS

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|

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ERROR

CHECK

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SOURCE

...it..00.

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25

EESPECIFICA

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DE,

.

8/

NORMAL

CALCULATIONS

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222

9/BINARY/OCT

MAI.

|

~~

CALCULATIONS

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25H

10/

SCIENTIFIC

'CONSTANT:-FUNCTIONS!

;

‘991

|

Ms

0-5

708/99

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Fite

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Arie.

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222!

11/FUNCTION

CALCULATIONS

©:

(ith!

|.

12/COMPLEX

NUMBER

CALCULATIONS

~~~

13

STATISTICAL

CALCULATIONS:

/22u7

|.

94:

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bnshraizh..

|

the

LR

Mop

Oleesign

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ete

the

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sin

‘~

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1/OPERATIONAL

FLOW

1-1

Key

Markings

Each

of

the

keys

is

assigned

a

number

of

different

func-

tions.

The

key

illustrated

here,

for

example,

has

three

different

functions.

10*

XOR

The

following

table

shows

how

you

access

each

of

the

Rey

s

functions.

To

access

°

i

This

function

is

accessed

whenever

you

|

press

the

key.

ee

This

function

is

accessed

whenever

you

press

this

key

while

in

the

BASE-N

°::3;

Mode.

ae

:

i

A

ah

Keys

are

marked

using

various

colors:

1

he

table

provides

the

meaning

of

each

color.

used

for

key,

markings.

:

oe

tes

+

oboe

aa

“Color

-|

-

5

tr

§

i

“Tyee

Function

accessed

.when*the:keyis3

pressed

while.

the

UNIt=iS

i

the:

Mode.

ARIAS

VODA

a

oe

ee

ee

Function

accessed

‘when;

the;

ke

pressed

while

the

unit

is

in

the

S

Je

(standard

deviation)

or

LR

Mode

{linear

regression).

mpi

ak

|

7G

ae

Spe

pane

PSH

6

bee

Function

accessed

when

the

key

is

pressed

while

the

unit

is in

the

CMPLX

Mode

(complex

number).

1-2

Modes

|

Before

beginning

any

calculation,

you

must

first

tell

the

calculator

what

type

of

operation

you

are

about

to

per-

form.

You

do

this

by

specifying

the

proper

mode.

Use

the

mode

menu

to

apecity

the

mode

that

you

want.

@

Specifying

a

Calculation

Mode

1.

Specifying

the

COMP

Mode,

SD

Mode,

LR

Mode,

CMPLX

Mode

|

(1)

Press

the

bog

key

and

Mode

Specification

Menu

No.

1

appears

as

shown

below."

he

masa

sos

ae

ea

rr

FeO

#

Sa

ae

ees

oo

a

Wy

@

I

Press

‘the.

number

key.

that.c

Rottesponds

to

the

cal-

culation,

mode,

you,

want

.

to-specify.

*

SOWIE

>

‘The

following

describes,

the

meaning

ofeach

made.

e

(1)

-

COMP

Modes=

oes

Specify

this

mode,to

perform

general

calculations,

i

cluding

fufiction’calélaations!*The

unitiof

angulerintew

surement

is'the:

last;

one+you

urspecified?

.

esse

e

(2)

-

-§$D

‘Mode

OMi2S

amepags

&

at)

tir

or

Ota

hee

|

Specify

thissmede_to

perform

standard

deviation

cal-

{

culgtions::The

‘’SO/é

indicator

isahown

on

the

display,

4

when.

the

unit:

is:

in.the;SD-

ents

2\

=

6

(3)'LR

Mod

isplay

'

Specify

this

modgito

pe

|

latiénsé

The

Reid

|

when

the'

unit

iano

he

Pa

ERS

po

tes

“

Lut

3

is

if

TP

ef

7:

ie

ar

regression,

FYB

ty

FS

as

ca

Rey

TOR

os

Lo

Speceyv

the

number

of

cecena

pieces.

_

AP

:

a

ead

¢

(4)

-

CMPLX

Mode

2

Press

the

number

key

that

corresponds

to

the

unit

Specify

this

mode

to

perform

complex

number

calcu

of

angular

measurement

mode

you

want

to

scecify.

lations.

The

‘‘CMPLX”’

indicator

is

shown

on

the

dis

The

following

describes

the

meaning

of

each

mode.

play

when

the

unit

is

in

the

CMPLX

Mode.

+

[7]

-

DEG

Mode

ar

Use

this

mode

to

specify

degrees

as

the

unrt

of

angu-

a

Specifying

the

BASE-N

Mode

lar

measurement.

The

‘DEG”

indicator

is

shown

on

the

J

Press

the

key

five

times

and

Mode

Specifica

display

when

the

unit

is in

the

DEG

Made.

tion

Menu

No.

5

appears

as

shown

below.

«

2}

-

RAD

Mode

Use

this

mode

to

specify

radians

as

the

unit

of

angutar

measurement.

The

RAD”

indicator

is

shown

on

the

BASEN

display

when

the

unit

is

in

the

RAD

Mode

1

+

(3)

-

GRA

Mode

Use

this

mode

to

specify

grads

as

the

umit

of

argular

measurement.

The

'’GRA”’

indicator

is

shown

on

the

om

display

when

the

unit

is

in

the

GRA

Made.

(2)

Press

the

number

Mode

Key

to

specify

the

BASE-h

«The

DEG,

RAD,

and

GRA

modes

can

be

used

in

any

calculation

mode

except

the

BASE-N

Mode.

‘

=

Whenever

power

is

switched

off

by

the

Auto

Power

Ui}

-

BASE-N

Mode

Off

function,

restonng

power

automatiaily

enters

the

Enter

this

mode

t

rfor

inary

G

Pemorm

conversion

between

binary

act

mode

you

were

in

when

power

switched

off.

octal,

decimal

and

hexadecimal

number

systems,

or

tc

perform

logical

operator

calculations.

The

‘‘BASE-N’™

fe

en

:

indicator

is

shown

on

the

display

when

the

unit

is

ir

Specifying

a

Display

Mode

the

BASE-N

Mode.

‘1,

Press

the

bea]

key

three

times

and

Mode

Specifica-

"The

COMP,

SD,

LR,

CMPLX

and

BASE-N

modes

are

#09

Menu

No.

3

appears

as

shown

below.

all

independent

of

each

other.

You

cannot

use

ther

in

any

combination.

Whenever

power

is

switched

of!

FIX

sc

MOR

by

the

Auto

Power

Off

function,

restoring

power

au-

tomatically

enters

the

last

mode

you

were

in

wher

power

switched

off.

1

2

3

M

Specifying

an

Angie

Unit

Mode

2,

Press

the

number

key

that

corresponds

to

the

dis-

(1)

Press

the

key

two

times

and

Mode

Specifica.

Play

mode

you

want

to

specify.

tion

Menu

No.

2

appears

as

shown

below.

The

foliowing

describes

the

meaning

of

each

mode.

«

(1)

-

FIX

Mode

Use

this

mode

to

specify

the

number

of

decimal

places

to

the

right

of

the

decimal

point.

The

‘'FIX"’

indicator

is

shown

on

the

display

when

the

unrt

is

in

the

Fix

Mode.

When

you

enter

this

mode,

the

message

"0

~

9?"'

ap

pears

on

the

display.

Press

a

number

key

from

(Qj

to

to

specify

the

number

of

decimal

places.

—~9-

-~10-

Example:

To

specify

three

places

to

the

right

of

the4,

Press

the

number

(1)

key

to

specify

the

ENG

Mode.

decimal

point.

ae

¢

G1)

-

ENG

Mode

(ooce)

fone) moor)

(4) (3)

While

in

the

COMP

Mode

you

can

specify

the

ENG

°

(2)

-

SCI

Mode

2

Ea

Mode

to

input

engineering

symbols

and

use

them

Use

this

mode

to

specify

the

number

of

significani'

Calculations.

The

‘‘ENG”’

indicator

is

shown

on

digits.

The

‘SCI’

indicator

is

shown

on

the

dispiaythe

display

when

the

unit

is

in

the

ENG

Mode.

See

when

the

unit

is

in

the

SC}

Mode.

‘Engineering

symbol

calculations’’

on

page

243

of

this

When

you

enter

this

mode,

the

message

('0|~

9?’

ap-

manual

for

details.

pears

on

the

display.

Press

a

number

key

from

(0)

tc

:

to

specify

the

number

of

Significant,

digits.

Important!

,

fie

tiGwaianit:

dioi

When

you

use

the

fg

key

to

sélect

a

mode,

modes

ekarnbles

10

Specify

five

significant

clalts.

that

cannot

be

entered:

from

the

‘current

mode/are

Goce

coe)

fecoe)

(2)

pee

as

___

skipped.

If

you

are

in

the

BASE-N

Mode,

for

example,

*

(3)

-

NORM

1/NORM

2

Mode

~-

=|

~~

~——si

the

Angle

pecification

Mode

is

skipped.

Specify

this

mode

to

cancel

the

number.

of

decima

place

and

number

of

significant

digit

specifications.

ane

ae

ws

aa,

+

Baa

When

you

enter

this

mode,

the

message:"1

~

22’

1-3

The

Disp!

ay

rer

ee

Exponent

pears

on

the

display.

Press

the

number

key

(7)

or

fp

|

a

one

RAD

NORM

GRA

ENG

MK

R—|

to

specify

one

of

the

two

modes

as

descri

below.

i

UR

BASE-6

CAPLX

than

10°°

are

displayed

using

exponentiat

format.

:|

@

|

“NORM

2

Mode

-

Values

less

than

107},

and

greate

2

VJ!

than

10”

are

displayed

using

exponential

format

=

“The

FIX,

SCI,

and

NORM

“1

/NORM

Eadlntaeg

gd

errr

inom

Matisse:

2s

obie

oe

nokte-r

on.

independent

of

each

other.

You

‘cannot

usb'them

in|

i,

Ae

PEP

=F

Cus.

-Malue

type.indicator

nd

Rite

Poet

ee

power

is

switched

off

by

.

ie

eee

omallie

Mite

bi

OREE

erences

se}

the

Auto

Power

function,

restoring

power

auto.

se

ian

it

data:i

esmediate

results

matically

enters

the

last

mode

you

were

in

when

The

display:shows

inp

data;

inte

es

me

power

switched

off..

results-of

calculations.

The-mantissa

section

di

pve

Eee

td

up

to.10

digits.

The

exponent.section

displays,

up

ta

,

:

fe

+

ee

Oe

a

ened

acpige:

Teal

Sa

A

armen

tine

sem

ene

ft

eases

ior

a

’

@

Press

the

fe

key

one

more

time

ah

Mode

Specifiz

aA

e26

eve.e

—

MAC

cation

Menu

No.

4

appears

as

shown:

below.

.-4

“SE

<".

:

i

sah,

—thyp

FIX

DEG

SCI

“NORM

1

Mode

-

Values

less

than

‘107?

and

SIND

cone

SD

__

AR

SASEN

Curt

ton

5678912

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Data

stored

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memory,

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2

itt

ven

ein

3

on0

03

-(élgeib

ott

ho

2icedK

Constant

calculation

(page

226)

SUID

ho

leona

earl

Wiseee

o1

is

eee

wale

R++|

Imaginary

number

part

(page|

324)

SD

SD

Mode

(page

343)

LR

LR

Mode

(page

351)

CMPLX

CMPLX

Mode

(page

324)

BASE-N

BASE-N

Mode

(page

251)

DEG

or

RAD

Unit

of

angular

measurement

(page

or

GRA

~310)

FIX

Number

of

decimal

places

(page

316

SCl

Number

of

significant

digits

(page

316

NORM

NORM

1/NORM

2

Mode

(page

11)

ENG

ENG

Mode

(page

243)

©

In

addition

to

the

above

indicators,

the

4-character

do

area

in

the

upper

left

of

the

display

shows

the

calcula

tion

command

symbol

(sin,

cos,

etc.):or

the

equal:

symbol.

The

dot

area

in

the

lower

right

of

the

displa

shows

the

arithmetic

operation

symbols.

ie)

~

MExponential

Displays

©

«2

During

normal

calculation;

this

calculatoris

capable

o

displaying

values

up

to

10

digits

long.

The

calculate

automatically

switches

over

to

exponential

notation

fo

any

value

greater

than

9,999,999,

999.

The

lower

limi

You

can

se

lect.

between

NORM

1

and

NORM

ithe

following

procedure...

../

3)

A.

Gove}

fsooe]

fone)

(3)

OE

Veh

yaie

Ty

&

2.

Press

(1)

for

NORM

1

or

()

for.NORM

2.

/--

foun

cot

NGS)

tal

ADEA

ONE

GEE

There

is

no

indication

of

which

mode

is

currently

ine

fect,

but

you

can

confirm'the'

mode

by

Resorming:

{

xs

it

PERL

st

sty

st

anette

following

calculation.:'

9i

Dees

s1eu

(ALS

gyec!

ies

mete

oe

—

(HORM

1

mee

©

FE

0.008]

ion

2

moses

bd

(All

of

the

example

in

this

manual

show

calculation

results

using

the

NORM

1

mode.)

@

Special

Display

Formats

Note

that

special

display

formats

are

used

for

fraction-

al,

hexadecimal,

sexagesimal

(base

60)

values

and

complex

number.

¢

Fraction

Display

Format

:

.

12

|

aS

_.

©

Hexadecimal

Display

Format

s

"Display

of

ABCDEF

12:8

|

&

~1412567278n0

>

re

a

AbCdEF12

¢

Sexagesimal

Display

Format

_

-

DiSplay

‘of

'12°34°56:78""

vw

a

ee

12°34°56.78

|...

Ee

Fy

ore

a

ee

ENE

eg

ee

BTS

e-Com

x:

Number-Displa

Format.

.:

.

wae?

Fay

f

:

tis

iar

Display

of

2

+

3i

(Real

number

display)

PERE

Sis

22

ie5ga4

Da

the

UA

3

&-3

%

:

(Imaginary

number

display}

°

2/BEFORE

BEGINNING

CALCULATIONS

@

Formula

Input

(V.P.A.M.

System)

The

V.P.A.M.

System

of

this

calculator

lets

you

sim-

ply

input

a

formula

just

as

it

is

written,

and

then

press

the

E&

key

to

obtain

the

result.

The

execution

of

arithmetic

operations,

functions

and

expressions

wi-

thin

parentheses

are

automatically

performed

in

the

correct

priority

sequence.

*Be

sure

to

press

the

Gig

key

before

starting

any

new

calculation.

Example

1:

2

x

(3

+

4)

=

GS

2&3

tJ

3G9

Example

2:

sin30

=

0.5

~f5—.

*Co

pound

function

Art

ng

contained.

within,

‘parentheses

@

Calculation

Priority

Sequence

The

calculation

priority

sequence

is

used

in

mathemat-

ics

to

decide

which

operation

should

be

performed

first.

This

calculator

automatically

assigns

the

calculation

priority

sequence

shown

below.

(1)

Type

A

Functions

(where

the

value

is

entered

first

and

then

the

function

key

is

pressed)

x,

x’,

x!,

NEG

(in

the

BASE-N

Mode)

2)

Powers,

roots

CoN

Coordinate

conversions

_

R-P,

PR

.

Permutations,

conbinations

.

aPr,

nCr

(3)

Type

B

Functions

(where

the

function

key

is

pressed

and

then

the

value

is

entered).

Vv,

Vv,

log,

In,

€*,

10%,

sin,

cos,

tan,

sin~"

,

60s”?

tan~',

sinh,

cosh,-tanh,

sinh7',

cosh”

,

tanh",

NOT

{in

the

BASE-N

Mode)

-

-

(4)

Multiplication,

division

ineand

constant

calcula-

tions)

©

=X,

+.

©)

Addition,

subtraction

(including

constant

calcula-

tions)

~~

+,

(6)

(6)

AND.

ae

@

OR,

XOR,

XNOR-

*When

functions

with

the

same

priority

sequence

are

used

in

series,

they_are

executed

from

right

to

left

[eXInv120-e*

|

in(v:120)}].

Other

expressions

of

the

nang

priority

sequence

are

performed

from

left

to

right

}

In

the

Anse

Mode

wy

2

Oey

tions

are

executed

right

to

left.

~

highest

priority.

:

as

:

are

Example:

|

_

2

+

SREISGE

seintaaae

6:8)

=

-

22wr

ds

hextRAD

2

(a@figiblic

1s

irs

ae

Inpfoges

si6

t

abe

Tipit

a!

An@

lig

ainls

em

ama

1989

978

RSP,

Gaxe

oriF

Yer

etic

ib

f

bas

szzitrtebss

,

M@

Number

of

Stacks

This

calculator

uses

‘‘stack

memory’

for

temporary

storage

of

low

priority

numeric

values

and

commands

(functions,

etc},

The

numeric

stack

has

6

levels.

while

the

command

stack

has

18.

lf

a

complex

calculation

exceeds

the

Capacity

of

the

stack,

and

error

occurs

(indicated

by

‘’~€

—'’

on

the

display).

3)=-18

Command

stack

“Calculations

are

performed

in

sequence,

with

the

highest

priority

operation

first.

Once

a

calculation

is

executed,

it

is

cleared

from

the

stack.

@

Number

of

Input/Output

Digits

and

Calculation

Digits

The

allowable

input/output

range

(number

of

digits)

is

10

digits

for

a

mantissa,

and

2

digits

for

an

exponent.

Calculations

are

performed

internally

with

12

digits

for

the

mantissa

and

2

digits

for

the

exponent.

ae

ir

ae

meee

Example:

3

x

105=7

=

C3457

42857

14286

ete

:

0.1428571

@

Memory

This

unit

contains

7

standard

memories.

There

are

two

basic

types

of

memories.

‘‘Variable’’

memories

which

are

accessed

by

using

the

Bee]

Sta

or

Sa

(fx-115s)

and

[a]

keys

in

combination

with

the

7

letters

of

the

al-

phabet,

and

‘‘independent’’

memory,

which

ts

access-

ed

by

using

the

=

Gm).

GF)

(or

KQ(M)

)

and

Sar}

ie

keys.

Contents

of

both

of

the

variable

and

independent

memories

are

protected

even

when

power

is

turned

OFF.

“Variable

memory

and

independent

memory

utilize

the

same

memory

area.

*

Variable

memories

Up

to

7

values

can

be

retained

in

memory

at

the

same

ume,

and

can

be

recalled

when

desired.

Example:

inputting

123

into

memory

‘‘A’’.

123

123

fer}

Bra

(A)

va

Lu

aa

(A)

123.

—18-