Atmel AVR1925 XMEGA-C3 Xplained User manual

APPLICATION NOTE

AVR1925: XMEGA-C3 Xplained Hardware User’s Guide

Atmel XMEGA C

Features

•Atmel®AVR®ATxmega384C3 microcontroller

•OLED display with 128×32 pixels resolution

•Analog sensors

•Ambient light sensor

•Temperature sensor

•Analog filter

•Digital I/O

•Two mechanical buttons

•Two user LEDs, one power LED, and one status LED

•Four expansion headers

•Touch

•Two Atmel AVR QTouch®button

•Memory

•microSD Card

Description

The Atmel AVR XMEGA-C3 Xplained evaluation kit is a hardware platform to

evaluate the Atmel ATxmega384C3 microcontroller.

The kit offers a larger range of features that enables the Atmel AVR XMEGA®user to

get started using XMEGA peripherals right away and understand how to integrate the

XMEGA device in their own design.

Figure 1. XMEGA-C3 Xplained Evaluation Kit

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Table of Contents

1. Related Items..................................................................................... 3

2. General Information ........................................................................... 4

2.1 Preprogrammed Firmware ................................................................................ 4

2.2 Power Supply.................................................................................................... 4

2.3 Measuring the Atmel AVR XMEGA Power Consumption.................................. 4

2.4 Programming the Kit ......................................................................................... 5

3. Connectors ........................................................................................ 6

3.1 Programming Headers ...................................................................................... 6

3.2 I/O Expansion Headers ..................................................................................... 6

4. Peripherals......................................................................................... 8

4.1 microSD Card.................................................................................................... 8

4.2 Atmel AVR QTouch Button ............................................................................... 8

4.3 Mechanical Buttons........................................................................................... 8

4.4 LEDs ............................................................................................................... 8

4.5 OLED Display.................................................................................................... 9

4.6 Analog I/O ......................................................................................................... 9

4.6.1 Temperature Sensor........................................................................... 9

4.6.2 Ambient Light Sensor........................................................................ 12

5. Code Examples................................................................................ 13

6. Revision History ............................................................................... 14

6.1 Revision History of the Document................................................................... 14

6.2 Revision History of the Kit ............................................................................... 14

6.2.1 Revision 2 ......................................................................................... 14

AVR1925: XMEGA-C3 Xplained Hardware User’s Guide [APPLICATION NOTE]

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1. Related Items

The following list contains links to the most relevant documents, software and tools for the Atmel AVR XMEGA-C3

Xplained:

Atmel AVR Xplained products

Xplained is a series of small-sized and easy-to-use evaluation kits for 8- and 32-bit AVR microcontrollers. It consists of

a series of low cost MCU boards for evaluation and demonstration of feature and capabilities of different MCU families.

Atmel Xplained USB CDC driver

The Xplained USB CDC driver file supports both 32- and 64-bit versions of Windows®XP and Windows 7. Driver installs

are not necessary on Linux®operating systems.

XMEGA-C3 Xplained schematics

Package containing schematics, BOM, assembly drawings, 3D plots, layer plots…

AVR1925: XMEGA-C3 Xplained Hardware Users Guide

This document.

AVR1939: XMEGA-C3 Xplained Getting Started Guide

This application note is a getting started guide for the XMEGA-C3 Xplained.

AT01639: XMEGA-C3 Xplained Software User Guide

This application note is a user guide for the XMEGA-C3 Xplained demo software.

AVR1916: XMEGA USB DFU Boot Loaders

This application note is a user guide for the XMEGA USB DFU boot loaders.

Atmel Studio 6

Atmel Studio 6 is a free Atmel IDE for development of C/C++ and assembler code for Atmel microcontrollers.

Atmel FLIP (Flexible In-system Programmer)

BatchISP (FLIP) is a command line tool for programming the flash and EEPROM memories of the AVR and is part of

the FLIP installation. It can be used to communicate with the preprogrammed USB DFU boot loader.

Atmel JTAGICE3

JTAGICE3 is a mid-range development tool for Atmel 8- and 32-bit AVR microcontrollers with on-chip debugging for

source level symbolic debugging, NanoTrace (if supported by the device) and device programming.

Atmel AVR JTAGICE mkII

AVR JTAGICE mkII is a mid-range development tool for Atmel 8- and 32-bit AVR devices with on-chip debugging for

source level symbolic debugging, NanoTrace (if supported by the device), and device programming (superseded by

JTAGICE3).

Atmel AVR ONE!

AVR ONE! is a professional development tool for all Atmel 8- and 32-bit AVR devices with on-chip debug capability. It is

used for source level symbolic debugging, program trace, and device programming. The AVR ONE! supports the

complete development cycle and is the fastest debugging tool offered from Atmel.

Atmel AVR Dragon

AVR Dragon™ sets a new standard for low cost development tools for 8- and 32-bit AVR devices with on-chip debug

(OCD) capability.

IAR Embedded Workbench®for Atmel AVR

IAR™ Embedded Workbench is a commercial C/C++ compiler that is available for 8-bit AVR. There is a 30 day

evaluation version as well as a 4k (code size limited) kick-start version available from their website.

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2. General Information

The Atmel AVR XMEGA-C3 Xplained kit is intended to demonstrate the Atmel AVR ATXmega384C3 microcontroller.

Figure 2-1 shows the available feature on the board.

Figure 2-1. Overview of XMEGA-C3 Xplained Kit

2.1 Preprogrammed Firmware

The ATxmega384C3 on the XMEGA-C3 Xplained is pre-programmed with a boot loader and a default firmware. The

detailed description of the software is available in the AT01639 XMEGA-C3 Xplained Software User Guide.

2.2 Power Supply

The kit needs an external power supply that can deliver 5V and up to 500mA. The actual current requirement for the

board is much less than 500mA but in order to be able to power optional expansion boards this margin is

recommended.

The power can be applied to the board either via the USB connector or on pin 10 on the header J3. The USB connector

is the preferred input because it is then possible to connect expansion boards on top of the J3 header.

The 5V (USB supply voltage) is regulated down to 3.3V with an onboard LDO regulator, which provides power to the

entire board. Expansion top boards that require 5V will get this from the header J3 pin 10.

2.3 Measuring the Atmel AVR XMEGA Power Consumption

As part of an evaluation of the ATxmega384C3, it can be of interest to measure its power consumption. Because the

XMEGA has a separate power plane (VCC_MCU_P3V3) on this board it is possible to measure the current

consumption by measuring the current that is flowing into this plane. The VCC_MCU_P3V3 plane is connected via a

jumper to the main power plane (VCC_P3V3) and by replacing the jumper with an amperemeter it is possible to

determine the current consumption. To locate the power measurement header, refer to Figure 2-1.

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Warning: Do not power the board without having the jumper or an amperemeter mounted since this can cause

latch-up of the Atmel AVR ATxmega384C3 due to current flow into the I/O pins.

2.4 Programming the Kit

The kit can be programmed either from an external programming tool or through an USB boot loader which is pre-

programmed on the device.

The boot loader is evoked by pushing the push button (SW0) during power-on, that is push and hold the button and

hence connect an USB cable to the kit. Programming can be performed through the DFU programmer FLIP.

How a programmer can be connected to the kit is described in Section 3.1.

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3. Connectors

The Atmel AVR XMEGA-C3 Xplained kit has four 10-pin, 100mil headers and one 6-pin 100mil header. The 6-pin

header is used for programming the Atmel AVR ATxmega384C3, and the 10-pin headers are used to access spare

analog and digital pins on the Atmel AVR XMEGA (expansion headers).

3.1 Programming Headers

The XMEGA can be programmed and debugged by connecting an external programming/debugging tool to the PDI

header shown in Figure 2-1.

The grey XMEGA PDI adapter on the Atmel AVR JTAGICE mkII probe has to be used when connecting to the XMEGA-

C3 Xplained board.

The green standoff adaptor nr.3 (ref.A08-0254) on the Atmel AVR ONE! probe has to be used when connecting to the

XMEGA-C3 Xplained board.

Table 3-1. XMEGA Programming and Debugging Interface – PDI

Pin on programming header

PDI

DATA

VCC

3 -

4 -

CLK

GND

3.2 I/O Expansion Headers

The Atmel AVR XMEGA-C3 Xplained headers J1, J2, J3, and J4 offer access to the I/O of the microcontroller in order to

expand the board, for example by mounting a top module onto the board.

The header J1 offers digital communication interfaces like UART, TWI and SPI. Table 3-2 shows how the Atmel AVR

XMEGA is connected to the header.

Note: When using TWI note that no pull-ups are mounted on the board from the factory, so it is required to either

enable the internal pull-ups of the device or to mount the external pull-ups on the available footprints (R200 and

R201). Refer to the assembly drawing in the design documentation for the location of these footprints.

Table 3-2. Expansion Header J1

Pin on J1

Name on J1

XMEGA pin

Shared with onboard functionality

SDA

PC0

SCL

PC1

3 RXD PC2 -

TXD

PC3

PC4

MOSI

PC5

MISO

PC6

SCK

PC7

GND

VCC_P3V3

The header J2 is connected to analog ports of the XMEGA as shown in Table 3-3.

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Table 3-3. Expansion Header J2

Pin on J2

Name on J2

XMEGA pin

Shared with onboard functionality

ADC0

PB0

ADC1

PB1

ADC2

PB2

ADC3

PB3

ADC4

PB4

ADC5

PB5

ADC6

PB6

ADC7

PB7

GND

VCC_P3V3

The header J3 is connected to digital ports of XMEGA. Table 3-4 shows the mapping of the XMEGA I/O to J3.

Table 3-4. Expansion Header J3

Pin on J3

Name on J3

XMEGA pin

Shared with onboard functionality

PA0

Light sensor (1)

PA1

Temperature sensor (1)

PA2

Filter output (1)

PA3

Display reset

PA4

PA5

PA6

PA7

GND

VCC_P5V0

Note: 1. Can be disconnected from onboard functionality by cut-straps.

The header J4 offers digital communication interfaces such as UART and TWI but care must be taken because some

pins are also connected to on-board peripherals.

Table 3-5. Expansion Header J4

Pin on J4

Name on J4

XMEGA pin

Shared with onboard functionality

SDA

PE0

SCL

PE1

RXD

PE2

TXD

PE3

PD0

Display data and command select (1)

MOSI

PD3

Display and microSD card MOSI

MISO

PD2

microSD card MISO

SCK

PD1

Display and microSD card clock input

GND

VCC_P3V3

Note: 1. Can be disconnected from onboard functionality by cut-strap (J204).

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4. Peripherals

4.1 microSD Card

The Atmel AVR XMEGA-C3 Xplained has a microSD card standard connector mounted. The SWA is used for detecting

the microSD card. When a microSD card plugs in, the SWA will be pulled to GND. The connection to the MCU is shown

in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1. microSD Card Connection

Pin on XMEGA

microSD card

PD1

SCK

PD3

MOSI

PD2

MISO

PE5 SS

PE4

SWA

4.2 Atmel AVR QTouch Button

The XMEGA-C3 Xplained kit has one Atmel QTouch button and the connection to the Atmel AVR XMEGA is shown in

Table 4-2. The QTouch sensor, a copper fill, is located on the second layer of the board (same as GND layer). The

sensor is shielded by the third layer (VCC layer) and therefore the sensor is not affected by any touches from the back

side of the board.

Table 4-2. QTouch Button Connection

Pin on XMEGA

QButton

PF4

SNS0

PF5

SNSK0

PF6 SNS1

PF7 SNSK1

4.3 Mechanical Buttons

Two mechanical buttons are connected to Atmel AVR XMEGA. All buttons have external pull-ups so there is no need to

activate internal pull-ups in order to use them. When a button is pressed it will drive the I/O line to GND.

Table 4-3. Mechanical Button Connection

Pin on XMEGA

Silkscreen text on PCB

PF1

SW0

PF2 SW1

4.4 LEDs

There are four LEDs available on the board that can be turned on and off. Two yellow LEDs, one green LED (power

indicator LED), and one red LED (status LED). The green and red LEDs are inside the same package and therefore the

colors can be mixed to orange when both are activated. The yellow LEDs and the red LED can be activated by driving

the connected I/O line to GND. The green LED is controlled via a FET and is by default on when the board is powered.

However, this power indicator LED can also be turned off by driving the gate of the FET to GND.

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Table 4-4. LED Connections

Pin on XMEGA

LED

PR0

Yellow LED0

PR1

Yellow LED1

PD4

Red status LED

PD5

Green power indicator LED

4.5 OLED Display

The OLED display on the XMEGA-C3 Xplained board is UG-2832HSWEG04 which comes from WiseChip

Semiconductor Inc. It has a resolution of 128 × 32 pixels. In the design the display is connected via a SPI based

interface. Detailed information about the display can be obtained from the display datasheet.

The connection between the MCU and the OLED display is shown in Table 4-5.

Table 4-5. OLED Display Connection

Pin on XMEGA

QButton

PD0

Data_command

PD1

SCK

PD3

MOSI

PF3

PA3

RESET

4.6 Analog I/O

4.6.1 Temperature Sensor

The temperature sensor circuitry consists of a serial connection of a normal and a NTC resistor. The NTC sensor is

from Murata and some part details are shown in Table 4-6, more information can be obtained from the manufacturer’s

website.

Table 4-6. NTC Characteristics

Global part number

NCP18WF104J03RB

Resistance (25°C)

100kΩ ±5%

B-Constant (25/50°C) (reference value)

4250K ±2%

B-Constant (25/80°C) (reference value)

4303K

B-Constant (25/85°C) (reference value)

4311K

B-Constant (25/100°C) (reference value)

4334K

Table 4-7 shows the temperature vs. resistance characteristic. The values are available from Murata in the datasheet of

the NTC.

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Table 4-7. Resistance vs. Temperature (from Murata)

Temp.

[°C]

NTC resistance

[kΩ]

Temp.

[°C]

NTC resistance

[kΩ]

Temp.

[°C]

NTC resistance

[kΩ]

Temp.

[°C]

NTC resistance

[kΩ]

-30

2197.225

357.012

79.222

22.224

-29 2055.558 1 338.006 31 75.675 61 21.374

-28

1923.932

320.122

72.306

20.561

-27

1801.573

303.287

69.104

19.782

-26

1687.773

287.434

66.061

19.036

-25

1581.881

272.500

63.167

18.323

-24

1483.100

258.426

60.415

17.640

-23

1391.113

245.160

57.797

16.986

-22

1305.413

232.649

55.306

16.360

-21 1225.531 9 220.847 39 52.934 69 15.760

-20

1151.037

209.710

50.677

15.184

-19

1081.535

199.196

48.528

14.631

-18

1016.661

189.268

46.482

14.101

-17

956.080

179.890

44.533

13.592

-16

899.481

171.028

42.675

13.104

-15

846.579

162.651

40.904

12.635

-14

797.111

154.726

39.213

12.187

-13

750.834

147.232

37.601

11.757

-12 707.524 18 140.142 48 36.063 78 11.344

-11

666.972

133.432

34.595

10.947

-10

628.988

127.080

33.195

10.566

-9

593.342

121.066

31.859

10.200

-8

559.931

115.368

30.584

9.848

-7

528.602

109.970

29.366

9.510

-6

499.212

104.852

28.203

9.185

-5

471.632

100.000

27.091

8.873

-4

445.772

95.398

26.028

8.572

-3

421.480

91.032

25.013

8.283

-2

398.652

86.889

24.042

8.006

-1

377.193

82.956

23.113

7.738

Two common approximations can be used to model the temperature vs. resistance characteristic; these are the B

parameter and the Steinhart-Hart equations. Coefficients for both formulas can be calculated from Table 4-7.

When the internal reference VCC/1.6 is used and the ADC is measuring in signed single ended mode the codes in

Table 4-8 can be read from the ADC at the various temperatures. The calculation is based on Table 4-7.

Table 4-8. ADC Codes vs. Temperature (Signed Single Ended Mode with Internal VCC/1.6 Reference)

ADC input [V]

Temp. [°C]

ADC codes

ADC input [V]

Temp. [°C]

ADC codes

2.076

-14

2047

0.347

345

2.030

-13

2014

0.334

332

1.983

-12

1968

0.321

319

1.936

-11

1921

0.309

307

1.889

-10

1875

0.297

295

1.841 -9 1828 0.286 43 283

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