NEC PD78212 User manual

USER'S MANUAL

PD78214 SUB-SERIES

8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER

HARDWARE

PD78212

PD78213

PD78214

PD78P214

PD78212 (A)

PD78213 (A)

PD78214 (A)

PD78P214 (A)

Document No. IEU-1236H

(O. D. No. IEM-5119H)

Date Published September 1994 P

Printed in Japan



NEC Corporation 1989

GENERAL

PIN FUNCTIONS

CPU FUNCTION

CLOCK GENERATOR

PORT FUNCTIONS

REAL-TIME OUTPUT FUNCTION

TIMER/COUNTER UNITS

A/D CONVERTER

ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL INTERFACE

CLOCK SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL INTERFACE

EDGE DETECTION FUNCTION

LOCAL BUS INTERFACE FUNCTION 13

INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS

STANDBY FUNCTION

RESET FUNCTION

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

PROGRAMMING FOR THE

PD78214

78K/II SERIES PRODUCT LIST

DEVELOPMENT TOOLS

SOFTWARE FOR EMBEDDED APPLICATIONS

INDEX

INSTRUCTION OPERATIONS

Cautions on CMOS Devices

1 Countermeasures against static electricity for all MOSs

Caution When handling MOS devices, take care so that they are not electrostatically charged.

Strong static electricity may cause dielectric breakdown in gates. When transporting or

storing MOS devices, use conductive trays, magazine cases, shock absorbers, or metal

cases that NEC uses for packaging and shipping. Be sure to ground MOS devices during

assembling. Do not allow MOS devices to stand on plastic plates or do not touch pins.

Also handle boards on which MOS devices are mounted in the same way.

2 CMOS-specific handling of unused input pins

Caution Hold CMOS devices at a fixed input level.

Unlike bipolar or NMOS devices, if a CMOS device is operated with no input, an

intermediate-level input may be caused by noise. This allows current to flow in the CMOS

device, resulting in a malfunction. Use a pull-up or pull-down resistor to hold a fixed input

level. Since unused pins may function as output pins at unexpected times, each unused

pin should be separately connected to the VDD or GND pin through a resistor.

If handling of unused pins is documented, follow the instructions in the document.

3 Statuses of all MOS devices at initialization

Caution The initial status of a MOS device is unpredictable when power is turned on.

Since characteristics of a MOS device are determined by the amount of ions implanted

in molecules, the initial status cannot be determined in the manufacture process. NEC

has no responsibility for the output statuses of pins, input and output settings, and the

contents of registers at power on. However, NEC assures operation after reset and items

for mode setting if they are defined.

When you turn on a device having a reset function, be sure to reset the device first.

EWS-4800 Series, EWS-UX/V, and QTOP are trademarks of NEC Corporation.

MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

IBM DOS, PC/AT, and PC DOS are trademarks of IBM Corporation.

SPARCstation is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc.

Sun OS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems Inc.

HP9000 Series 300 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice.

No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written

consent of NEC Corporation. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in

this document.

NEC Corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual

property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising

from use of such device. No license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents,

copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC Corporation or others.

The devices listed in this document are not suitable for use in aerospace equipment, submarine cables, nuclear

reactor control systems and life support systems. If customers intend to use NEC devices for above applications

or they intend to use "Standard" quality grade NEC devices for applications not intended by NEC, please contact

our sales people in advance.

Application examples recommended by NEC Corporation

Standard: Computer, Office equipment, Communication equipment, Test and Measurement equipment,

Machine tools, Industrial robots, Audio and Visual equipment, Other consumer products, etc.

Special: Automotive and Transportation equipment, Traffic control systems, Antidisaster systems, Anticrime

systems, etc.

M7 92.6

Main Revisions in This Edition

Page Description

P.55 VSS and "Caution" have been added in (a) of Fig.

4-2.

P.329

"Caution" has been added in (2) of Section 12.4.6.

P.383 "Caution" has been added in (b) of Section

14.4.2.

P.429 Appendix B has been modified as follows:

• "IBM PC series" has been changed to "IBM

PC/AT."

• Upgraded versions of MS-DOS are now

supported by some development tools

designed for the PC-9800 series.

• 3.5" 2HC has been added to as a PC DOS

distribution media.

• MS DOS and IBM DOS have been added

as supported operating systems for the

IBM PC/AT.

• The description of real-time OS has been

deleted.

P.441 Appendix C has been added.

Major changes in this revision are indicated by stars (★)

in the margins.

PREFACE

Users:

This manual is aimed at engineers who need to be familiar with the capabilities of the

PD78214 sub-series for

application program development purposes.

Purpose:

The purpose of this manual is to help users understand the hardware capabilities of the

PD78214 sub-series.

Organization:

Two manuals are available for the

PD78214 sub-series: The hardware manual (this manual) and instruction

manual (common to all 78K/II series products). The contents of the manuals are:

Hardware Instruction

Pin functions CPU functions

Internal block functions Addressing

Interrupt functions Instruction set

Other built-in functions

Important information related to using the products described in this manual is provided in the form of

“Caution” notes, appearing in appropriate places in each chapter. Each “Caution” is repeated at the end

of the chapter. Be careful to observe these notes when using the products.

Guidance:

Readers of this manual are assumed to have a general knowledge of electronics, logical circuits, and microcom-

puters.

When using this manual with the

PD78212,

PD78213,

PD78P214,

PD78212(A),

PD78213(A),

PD78214(A), or

PD78P214(A):

This manual describes the functions of the

PD78212,

PD78213,

PD78214,

PD78P214,

PD78212(A),

PD78213(A),

PD78214(A), and

PD78P214(A). The relationships between these products are shown in the figure on the next

page. Where there is no functional difference between the products, only the

PD78214 is described, that

description also being applicable to the

PD78212,

PD78213,

PD78P214,

PD78212(A),

PD78213(A),

PD78214(A),

and

PD78P214(A).

The examples given in this manual are prepared for “Standard” quality products for general electronics

devices. If customers intend to use the examples in this manual in fields where the “Special” quality is

required, note the quality grade of the parts and circuits actually used.

PD78P214

PD78P214(A)

PD78214

PD78214(A)

PD78213

PD78213(A)

PD78212

PD78212(A)

PROM 16K

RAM 512

ROM 16K

RAM 512

ROM-less

RAM 512

ROM 8K

RAM 384

To check the details of a register when you know the name of the register:

See Appendix D.

To check the differences between the

PD78214 sub-series and other models of the 78K/II series:

First see Appendix A to determine the differences between the models then see Appendix E for details.

To check the details of a function when you know the name of the function:

See Appendix E.

If the microcomputer does not operate correctly during debugging:

See the cautions at the end of the chapter related to the erroneous function.

To become familiar with the general functions of the

PD78214 sub-series:

Read the entire manual in the order of the table of contents.

To determine the instructions supported by the

PD78214 sub-series in detail:

Refer to 78K/II Series User’s Manual, Instruction (IEU-1311).

To determine the electrical characteristics of the

PD78214 sub-series:

Refer to the separate data sheet.

Application examples of the

PD78214 sub-series:

Refer to the separate application note.

Notation:

Data weight: High-order digits on the left side

Low-order digits on the right side

Active low: ××× (Pins and signal names are overscored.)

Note: Explanation of a noted part of text

Caution: Information demanding the user's special attention

Remarks: Supplementary information

Numeric value: Binary : ××××B or ××××

Decimal : ××××

Hexadecimal : ××××H

Never use the code combinations indicated "Not to be set" in the register descriptions.

Characters likely to be confused: 0 (zero) and O (uppercase "O")

1 (one), l (lowercase "L"), and I (uppercase "I")

Related documents:

The following reference documents are also available.

•Documents related to the

PD78214 sub-series

•Serial Bus Interface (SBI) User’s Manual (IEM-1303)

Product

Document

PD78212

PD78213

PD78214

Data Sheet

User's Manual Hardware

Instruction

Application Note Basic

Application

Floating-Point Arithme-

tic Operation Programs

PD78212(A)

PD78213(A)

PD78214(A)

PD78P214(A)

This manual

IEU-1311

IEA-1220

IEA-1282

IEA-1273

IC-2526 IC-2831 IC-3095

EDC

Write operation Read operation

The encircled bit number indicates that the bit name

is used as reserved word by the NEC assembler and

defined by the header file, sfrbit.h, by C compiler.

Either 0 or 1 can be

written to this bit without

affecting the register

operation. 0 or 1 is read from these

bits.

Write 0 to this bit.

Write 1 to this bit.

Write a value according to

the necessary function.

A value is read according

to the operation.

•Documents related to development tools

IE-78210-R In-Circuit Emulator System

Software Operator's Manual

CC78K Series C Compiler User's Manual

Document No.

EEU-1395

EEU-1322

EEU-1331

EEP-1027

EEM-1024

EEM-1260

EEM-1027

EEU-1283

EEU-1273

EEU-1254

EEU-1289

EEU-1280

EEU-1447

EEU-1413

EF-1114

Document name

•Documents related to software to be incorporated into the product

Document No.

EF-1113

EEU-1448

EEU-1444

EEU-1438

Document name

78K/II Series Fuzzy Inference Development Support System User's

Manual

Fuzzy Inference Development Support System Pamphlet

Fuzzy Inference

Module

Translator

User's Manual for Tool for Creating Fuzzy Knowledge Data

78K/0, 78K/II and 87AD Series Fuzzy Inference Development Support

System User's Manual

IE-78240-R-A In-Circuit Emulator User's Manual

IE-78240-R In-Circuit Emulator User's Manual Hardware

Software

IE-78210-R In-Circuit Emulator Hardware Operator's Manual

IE-78210-R In-Circuit Emulator Software Operator's Manual

For Operation on the PC-9800 Series (MS-DOS)

For Operation on the IBM PC Series (PC DOS)

RA78K Series Assembler Package User's Manual Language

Operation

78K Series Structured Assembler Preprocessor User's Manual

Language

Operation

SD78K/II Screen Debugger User's Manual for Operation under

MS-DOS Tutorial

78K/II Series Development Tools Selection Guide

•Other documents

Document No.

IEI-1213

IEI-1207

IEI-1209

IEI-1203

MEI-1202

Document name

Package Manual

SMD Surface Mount Technology Manual

Quality Grades on NEC Semiconductor Devices

NEC Semiconductor Device Reliability/Quality Control System

Guide to Quality Assurance for Semiconductor Devices

Caution The above documents may be revised without notice. Use the latest versions when you designing an application system.

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