D-Link UNIFIED WIRED & WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEM... Quick reference guide

Deployment

Guide

Product Model: DWS-3000 Series, DWL-

3500AP/8500AP

Version

Unified Wired & Wireless Access System

Introduction

This document is to provide an overview of the variety of ways in which D-Link’s wireless

solution can be deployed by customers. It would also point out a few pointers to be kept

in mind either as limitations or cautions to be taken while deploying the solution in a

customer environment.

There are 3 unique features that D-Link’s solution has which can be taken advantage of

while proposing our solution in competition to other vendors based on the unique needs

a customer’s network may have.

1. Our solution can be deployed either as an Overlay Device (also called a Wireless

Controller) or as an Edge Device that can leverage all the traditional wired

functionality built into our switch.

2. Support for Peer Switches – Up to 4 Peer Switches can be supported in the

same Wireless Domain with each of the Switches capable of managing 48

Access Points effectively enabling the network scale to a maximum of 192 APs.

This Unified Access System can manage up to 2000 wireless clients

simultaneously making it suitable for large-scale deployments.

3. When the Access Points are in different IP subnets, the clients can still roam

seamlessly across the access points with a feature called L3 Fast Roaming. This

feature is mainly intended for Wireless VoIP communication using wi-fi phones

and other such devices which require the clients to maintain their IP addresses

even as they roam within the wireless domain. This is accomplished by the

Tunneled Data Forwarding mode that is supported by the solution.

Deployment Scenarios

Given below are some of the typical deployments -

Deployment Scenario 1 – WS and AP are in the same subnet:

This deployment may consist of a single or multiple WLAN Switches at the edge

connected together in the same VLAN (subnet), and the APs are either directly

connected or connected over a unmanaged switch. In other words, there are no subnet

boundaries to cross between the APs and between the APs and WSs. This

configuration does not require L3 tunneling to accomplish seamless roaming. Each

“service” (or VAP) is separated by VLANs and can have different security

configurations. In this configuration, the “network” management interface address can

be used as the only IP address on the switch and is used as the WLAN component IP

address. Therefore static address can be used on the APs on the same subnet as the

“network” IP. If DHCP is used, ensure that the APs have a route to the network IP

address of the WLAN Switch.

Scenario 1 Dia

ram

WS1

AP1

AP2

Seamless Roaming

10.90.90.90/8

CL1

10.90.90.91/8

10.90.90.92/8

SSID:

Guest Network SSID:

Guest Network

Deployment Scenario 2 - WS and AP are in different subnets (port-based routing):

This deployment consists of a single WLAN switch connected to a L3 device

(router). APs are connected to the core with port-based routing. This configuration does

require L3 tunneling to accomplish seamless roaming across APs connected to different

L3 only ports on the core. Consider the MTU issue, services that require fast L3

roaming will need to be configured as L3 Tunneled VAPs to allow subnet roaming –

these services will be affected by the MTU issue in that either the MTU configuration of

the physical interfaces between the APs and the WLAN Switch must be increased by 20

bytes (or the client MTU decreased by 20 bytes), or the service must be expected to

transmit “smaller” sized packets. Services that do not require fast roaming across L3

boundaries can be configured to non-Tunneling in which case the MTU issue is not

observed for those services. If all devices in the network support increasing the MTU

size, and this are feasible to do, then all of the services can be configured for Tunneling

without any problems and fast roaming will be possible for all services.

WS1

AP1

AP2

Seamless Roaming

192.168.20.x

192.168.30.x

SSID:

Guest Network: VLAN 100

Employee: VLAN 200

Voice: VLAN 7 (L3 tunneling) SSID:

Guest Network: VLAN 100

Employee: VLAN 200

Voice: VLAN 7 (L3 tunneling)

L3 Device

Scenario 2

Deployment Scenario 3 - WS and AP are in different subnets (vlan-based routing):

This deployment consists of a single WLAN switch connected to a L2/3 device, and APs

are connected to the core with VLAN-based routing (ensure that VLANs are properly

set). This configuration does not require L3 tunneling to accomplish seamless roaming If

the 802.1Q VLAN has been configured in customer’s environment. In other words,

through using VLAN Routing, you can spread VLANs across the network such that each

VLAN has a path between each of the APs in the network.

AP1

AP2

Seamless Roaming

192.168.20.x

192.168.30.x

SSID:

Guest Network: VLAN 100

Employee: VLAN 200

Voice: VLAN 7 (L3 tunneling) SSID:

Guest Network: VLAN 100

Employee: VLAN 200

Voice: VLAN 7 (L3 tunneling)

L2/3 Device

Scenario 3

VLAN 7/20/100/200 VLAN 7/30/100/200

Deployment Scenario 4 - L3 Edge Peers:

This deployment consists of multiple WLAN switches connected to a L3 core. APs are

either directly connected to the WLAN switch or over a L2 or L3 device. This

configuration does require L3 tunneling to accomplish seamless roaming. When

Tunneling is used, an extra 20 bytes are added in the headers for encapsulation. To

support these larger frames, you can increase the MTU size on all intermediate ports

and WLAN switch ports. However, if you use tunneling only for IP telephony, or if the

MTU size on all wireless clients can be set to 1480, you do not need to increase the

MTU size in the network.

Scenario

AP1

Network IP: 10.90.90.90

Loopback: 192.168.10.254

L3 Tunnel: 192.168.250.254

CL1

FTP Server

Audio/Video Server

192.168.20.x

192.168.250.x

SSID:

L3-Tunnel: 192.168.250.x

AP2

L3 Device

Across L3 Network

172.17.5.0/24

Seamless

Roaming

172.17.7.x

172.17.6.0/24

Network IP: 172.17.7.254

Loopback: 192.168.15.254

L3 Tunnel: 192.168.250.253

Radius Server

10.90.90.100

Notes:

1. Where to place the WS & AP? The Access Points need not be directly

connected to the Switch to be managed by it; besides, the wireless switches

need not be directly connected to each other to form a peer network. However, it

is necessary that all the Switches and the Access Points are a part of the same

Local Area Network. In other words, the Wireless Switch can not manage APs

located across a Public Wide Area Network (internet), especially across a NAT

device.

2. About WPA2 Enterprise Authentication: The solution also supports

authenticated fast roaming using WPA2 Enterprise authentication in addition to

other mechanisms. But, this is not currently supported by most of the wireless

voice clients which only support WEP. Moreover, the newer versions of Windows

XP Clients do support WPA2 but demonstrating L3 Fast Roaming with Windows

Clients is not recommended to highlight seamless roaming as Windows Clients

are inherently slow in managing hand-offs.

The Configuration Guide indicates demonstrating roaming between the APs by

powering down one of the APs thus forcing the clients to “roam” to the second

AP. However, it must be noted that this is really a “fail-over” and not really

roaming. In particular, when using WPA2 Enterprise for authentication, when an

AP is powered down and brought back again, it loses the dynamic key

information previously received from the switch causing the client who roams to

that switch to re-authenticate itself from the Radius server. Although, none of

these induced delays are more than a few milli-seconds and users would only

see the loss of one ping, it must be pointed out that in real roaming under these

delays would not exist. In the lab testing, we have recorded clients roaming with

a hand-off time of 23 milli-seconds which is too quick to be noticed by a user.

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