Analog Devices SHARC ADSP-21368 Application guide

ADSP-21368 SHARC®Processor

Hardware Reference

Includes ADSP-21367, ADSP-21369,

ADSP-21371, ADSP-21375

Revision 1.0, September 2006

Part Number

82-000100-01

Analog Devices, Inc.

One Technology Way

Norwood, Mass. 02062-9106

document may not be reproduced in any form without prior,

express written consent from Analog Devices, Inc.

Printed in the USA.

Disclaimer

Analog Devices, Inc. reserves the right to change this product

without prior notice. Information furnished by Analog Devices is

believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is

assumed by Analog Devices for its use; nor for any infringement of

patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its

use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under the

patent rights of Analog Devices, Inc.

Trademark and Service Mark Notice

The Analog Devices logo and icon bar, Blackfin, EZ-KIT Lite,

SHARC, the SHARC logo, TigerSHARC, and VisualDSP++ are

registered trademarks of Analog Devices, Inc.

All other brand and product names are trademarks or service marks

of their respective owners.

ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference iii

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Purpose of This Manual ............................................................... xxxi

Intended Audience ....................................................................... xxxi

Manual Contents ........................................................................ xxxii

What’s New in This Manual ....................................................... xxxiv

Technical or Customer Support ................................................... xxxv

Supported Processors .................................................................. xxxvi

Product Information .................................................................. xxxvi

MyAnalog.com .................................................................... xxxvii

Processor Product Information ............................................. xxxvii

Related Documents ............................................................ xxxviii

Online Technical Documentation ......................................... xxxix

Printed Manuals ....................................................................... xli

Conventions ................................................................................ xliii

INTRODUCTION

Design Advantages ........................................................................ 1-1

Architectural Overview ................................................................. 1-6

Processor Core ......................................................................... 1-7

Contents

iv ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

Processor Peripherals ............................................................... 1-7

I/O Processor ..................................................................... 1-7

Digital Audio Interface (DAI) ............................................. 1-9

Digital Peripheral Interface (DPI) ..................................... 1-10

Development Tools ..................................................................... 1-10

Differences From Previous Processors .......................................... 1-11

I/O Architecture Enhancements ............................................ 1-11

Instruction Set Enhancements ............................................... 1-12

I/O PROCESSOR

General Procedure for Configuring DMA ...................................... 2-2

Core Access to IOP Registers ........................................................ 2-3

Configuring IOP/Core Interaction ................................................ 2-6

Interrupt-Driven I/O .............................................................. 2-6

Interrupt Latency in Interrupt-Driven Transfers ................ 2-11

Polling/Status-Driven I/O ..................................................... 2-12

DMA Controller Operation .................................................. 2-13

Chaining DMA Processes .................................................. 2-14

Transfer Control Block Chain Loading (TCB) ................... 2-16

Setting Up DMA Channel Allocation and Priorities ............... 2-18

Managing DMA Channel Priority ..................................... 2-19

DMA Bus Arbitration ....................................................... 2-20

Setting Up DMA Parameter Registers .......................................... 2-24

DMA Transfer Direction ....................................................... 2-24

Data Buffer Registers ............................................................ 2-25

ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference v

Contents

Port, Buffer, and DMA Control Registers ............................... 2-26

Addressing ............................................................................ 2-29

External Port DMA ..................................................................... 2-35

Setting Up and Starting Chained DMA .................................. 2-36

Delay Line DMA ................................................................... 2-38

Serial Port DMA ......................................................................... 2-40

Setting Up and Starting Chained DMA .................................. 2-40

Inserting a TCB in an Active Chain ....................................... 2-41

Serial Peripheral Interface DMA .................................................. 2-42

Setting Up and Starting Chained DMA over the SPI .............. 2-42

UART DMA ............................................................................... 2-44

Notes On Using DMA With the UART ................................. 2-47

Memory-to-Memory DMA ......................................................... 2-48

Summary .................................................................................... 2-48

Programming Example ................................................................ 2-49

EXTERNAL PORT

External Memory Interface ............................................................ 3-2

External Memory Interface on the ADSP-2137x Processors ...... 3-3

Direct Execution of Instructions From External Memory ..... 3-3

Throughput and Instruction Execution Rate ........................ 3-3

Location of Interrupt Vector Table (IVT) ............................ 3-4

Instruction Cache ............................................................... 3-5

Instruction Storage and Packing .......................................... 3-9

Contents

vi ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

EMI Registers and Signals ..................................................... 3-16

External Port Arbitration Logic ......................................... 3-18

Channel Freezing .............................................................. 3-18

Managing Data Paths ........................................................ 3-18

External Memory Interface Pins ............................................ 3-19

Asynchronous Memory Interface ................................................. 3-20

AMI Timing Control .................................................................. 3-21

Wait States ............................................................................ 3-21

Bus Idle Cycles ...................................................................... 3-22

Bus Hold Cycles .................................................................... 3-23

Setting AMI Modes .................................................................... 3-24

External Memory Reads ........................................................ 3-25

Data Packing .................................................................... 3-25

External Memory Writes ....................................................... 3-26

Data Packing .................................................................... 3-27

Read/Write Throughput ........................................................ 3-28

External Access Addressing .................................................... 3-28

External Port DMA ............................................................... 3-30

Booting Through the AMI .................................................... 3-30

SDRAM Controller .................................................................... 3-30

Definition of Terms .............................................................. 3-31

Timing External Memory Accesses ......................................... 3-36

Parallel Connection of SDRAMs ........................................... 3-39

SDRAM Control Register (SDCTL) ...................................... 3-39

ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference vii

Contents

SDRAM Control Status Register (SDSTAT) ........................... 3-49

SDRAM Refresh Rate Control Register (SDRRC) .................. 3-49

SDRAM Initialization ........................................................... 3-51

SDRAM Address Mapping .................................................... 3-51

SDRAM Controller Address Mapping ............................... 3-58

SDC Operation ..................................................................... 3-58

Single Bank Operation ...................................................... 3-60

Multibank Operation (ADSP-2137x Processors) ................ 3-60

Data Mask (DQM) ........................................................... 3-61

SDC Configuration ............................................................... 3-61

SDC Commands ................................................................... 3-63

Load Mode Register .......................................................... 3-64

Single Bank Activation ...................................................... 3-65

Multibank Activation (ADSP-2137x Processors) ................ 3-66

Single Precharge (ADSP-2137x Processors) ........................ 3-66

Precharge All ..................................................................... 3-66

Read/Write ....................................................................... 3-67

Read/Write (ADSP-2137x Processors) ............................... 3-69

Burst Stop (ADSP-2137x Processors) ................................. 3-69

Auto-Refresh ..................................................................... 3-70

Self-Refresh Mode ............................................................. 3-70

No Operation/Command Inhibit ...................................... 3-71

Changing System Clock During Runtime .......................... 3-73

Contents

viii ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

SDRAM Timing ................................................................... 3-74

SDRAM Read Optimization ............................................. 3-75

External Memory Access Restrictions ................................ 3-78

Shared Memory Interface ............................................................ 3-79

Shared Memory Bus Arbitration ............................................ 3-79

Bus Arbitration Protocol ................................................... 3-82

Bus Arbitration Priority (RPBA) ....................................... 3-86

Bus Mastership Time-out .................................................. 3-87

Bus Synchronization After Reset ............................................ 3-88

Bus Synchronization Notes ............................................... 3-91

Bus Lock and Semaphores ..................................................... 3-92

Shared Memory Interface Status ........................................ 3-93

Shared Memory and the SDRAM Controller ......................... 3-94

Shared Memory Booting ....................................................... 3-94

DIGITAL AUDIO/DIGITAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACES

Structure of the Interfaces ............................................................. 4-2

DAI/DPI System Design ............................................................... 4-3

Signal Routing Units .................................................................... 4-8

Connecting Peripherals ........................................................... 4-8

Pin Interface ......................................................................... 4-10

Pin Buffers as Signal Output Pins .......................................... 4-11

Pin Buffers as Signal Input Pins ............................................. 4-12

Bidirectional Pin Buffers ....................................................... 4-13

ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference ix

Contents

Making Connections in the SRUs ................................................ 4-15

DAI/SRU1 Connection Groups ............................................. 4-18

Group A Connections—Clock Signals ............................... 4-19

Group B Connections—Data Signals ................................. 4-25

Group C Connections—Frame Sync Signals ...................... 4-31

Group D Connections—Pin Signal Assignments ................ 4-36

Group E Connections—Interrupts and Miscellaneous

Signals ........................................................................... 4-43

Group F—Pin Enable Signals ............................................ 4-47

DPI/SRU2 Connection Groups ............................................. 4-51

Group A Connections—Input Routing Signals .................. 4-52

Group B Connections—Pin Assignment Signals ............... 4-56

Group C Connections—Pin Enable Signals ...................... 4-60

General-Purpose I/O (GPIO) and Flags ....................................... 4-64

DAI GPIO and Flags ............................................................. 4-64

DPI GPIO and Flags ............................................................. 4-65

Miscellaneous Signals .................................................................. 4-65

DAI/DPI Interrupt Controller ..................................................... 4-65

Relationship to the Core ........................................................ 4-65

DAI Interrupts ...................................................................... 4-66

DPI Interrupts ...................................................................... 4-67

High and Low Priority Latches .............................................. 4-69

Rising and Falling Edge Masks ............................................... 4-70

Contents

x ADSP-21368 SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

Configuring Peripherals Using SRU1 .......................................... 4-71

Configuring the SPORTs ...................................................... 4-71

Configuring the PCGs .......................................................... 4-72

Configuring Peripherals Using SRU2 .......................................... 4-72

Configuring the SPI .............................................................. 4-72

Choosing the Pin Enable for the SPI Clock ....................... 4-72

Configuring the Two Wire Interface ...................................... 4-73

Using the SRU() Macro to Configure

the DAI ................................................................................... 4-76

SERIAL PORTS

Features ........................................................................................ 5-2

Operation Modes ......................................................................... 5-3

Serial Port Signals ......................................................................... 5-5

Serial Port Signal Sensitivity .................................................... 5-9

SPORT Operation Modes ........................................................... 5-10

Standard DSP Serial Mode .................................................... 5-12

Standard DSP Serial Mode Control Bits ............................ 5-13

Clocking Options ............................................................. 5-13

Frame Sync Options ......................................................... 5-13

Data Formatting ............................................................... 5-14

Data Transfers .................................................................. 5-15

Status Information ............................................................ 5-15

Left-Justified Sample Pair Mode ............................................ 5-16

Setting the Internal Serial Clock and Frame Sync Rates ..... 5-17

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