AEMC 3640 User manual
DIGITAL GROUND
RESISTANCE TESTERS
ENGLISH User Manual
3640
4610
Ω
Press To
Measure
X-Z
Xv-Y
Xv-Y
ZYX
C1 P2 C2
Fault
Hi Resistance
Hi Noise
GROUND RESISTANCE TESTER
MODEL 3640
AUTORANGING
REFER TO USER MANUAL
FOR FAULT WARNING LIGHT
EXPLANATIONS
!
®
INSTRUMENTS
Ω
Press To
Measure
X-Z
Xv-Y
Xv-Y
ZYXXv
C1 P1 P2 C2
Fault
Hi Resistance
Hi Noise
GROUND RESISTANCE TESTER
MODEL 4610
AUTORANGING
REFER TO USER MANUAL
FOR FAULT WARNING LIGHT
EXPLANATIONS
!
®
INSTRUMENTS
Statement of Compliance
Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC®Instruments
certifies that this instrument has been calibrated
using standards and instruments traceable to
international standards.
We guarantee that at the time of shipping your
instrument has met its published specifications.
An NIST traceable certificate may be
requested at the time of purchase, or obtained
by returning the instrument to our repair and
calibration facility, for a nominal charge.
The recommended calibration interval for this
instrument is 12 months and begins on the date of
receipt by the customer. For recalibration, please
use our calibration services. Refer to our repair
and calibration section at www.aemc.com.
Serial #: ________________________________
Catalog #: ______________________________
Model #: 3640 / 4610
Please fill in the appropriate date as indicated:
Date Received: _________________________________
Date Calibration Due: _______________________
Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc.
d.b.a AEMC®Instruments
www.aemc.com
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
1
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................... 3
1.1 International Electrical Symbols................................................3
1.2 DenitionofMeasurementCategories .....................................4
1.3 ReceivingYourShipment..........................................................4
1.4 OrderingInformation.................................................................4
1.4.1 Kits,AccessoriesandReplacementParts ....................5
2. PRODUCT FEATURES ...................................................................... 6
2.1 3640ControlandConnectorIdentication ...............................6
2.2 4610ControlandConnectorIdentication ...............................7
2.3 FaultIndicatorLEDs .................................................................8
2.3.1 X-ZFault .......................................................................8
2.3.2
X-YHighResistance(3640)
Xv-YHighResistance(4610)............................................... 8
2.3.3 X-YHighNoise(3640)
Xv-YHighNoise(4610) ...................................................8
2.4 Over-rangeIndication ...............................................................9
2.5 FaultLEDIndication–TipsandSolutions ................................9
3. SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................... 10
3.1 Electrical .................................................................................10
3.2 Mechanical.............................................................................. 11
3.3 Environmental......................................................................... 11
3.4 SafetySpecications ..............................................................11
3.5 Auto-ranging ...........................................................................12
4. OPERATION .................................................................................. 13
4.1 GroundingElectrodeResistance ............................................13
4.1.1 EffectofGroundElectrodeSizeandDepth
on Resistance .............................................................15
4.1.2 EffectsofSoilResistivityonGroundElectrode
Resistance ..................................................................16
4.1.3 FactorsAffectingSoilResistivity .................................17
4.1.4 EffectofGroundRodDepthonResistance................19
2
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
4.2 GroundResistanceValues .....................................................21
4.3 GroundResistanceTestingPrinciple.....................................23
4.3.1 PositionofAuxiliaryElectrodesinMeasurements ......24
4.4 MeasuringResistanceofGroundElectrodes (62%Method)..25
4.4.1 AuxiliaryElectrodeSpacing ........................................27
4.5 GroundResistanceMeasurementProcedure (3-Point)..........28
4.6 MultipleElectrodeSystem ......................................................29
4.7 2-PointMeasurement(SimpliedMeasurement)............. 31
4.8 ContinuityMeasurement.........................................................32
4.9 SoilResistivityMeasurements(Model4610Only) .................33
4.10SoilResistivityMeasurementProcedure(4-Point) .................34
4.11 HowtoUse25ΩCalibrationChecker.....................................36
5. MAINTENANCE ............................................................................. 37
5.1 Warning...................................................................................37
5.2 Cleaning..................................................................................37
5.3 ReplacingtheBattery .............................................................37
5.4 ReplacingtheSafetyFuse......................................................38
RepairandCalibration...........................................................................39
TechnicalandSalesAssistance ............................................................39
Limited Warranty ...................................................................................40
WarrantyRepairs...................................................................................40
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
3
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
WARNING
“It should be impressed on all personnel that a lethal potential can exist between
the station ground and a remote ground if a system fault involving the station
ground occurs while tests are being made. Since one of the objects of tests on
a station ground is the establishment of the location of an effectively remote
point for both current and potential electrodes, the leads to the electrodes
must be treated as though a possible potential could exist between these test
leads and any point on the station ground grid.”
- excerpted from IEEE Std. 81-1962
Thesesafetywarningsareprovidedtoensurethe safetyofpersonnel
andproperoperationoftheinstrument.
• The instrument must not be operated beyond its specied operating
range.
• Safetyistheresponsibilityoftheoperator.
• Allmetalobjectsorwiresconnectedtotheelectricalsystemshouldbe
assumedtobelethaluntiltested.Groundingsystemsarenoexception.
• Use extreme caution when using the instrument around energized
electricalequipment.
• Neverattempttousetheinstrumenttotwistorprythegroundelectrode
orgroundwireawayfromtheequipmentbeinggrounded.
• The use of rubber gloves is an excellent safety practice even if the
equipmentisproperlyoperatedandcorrectlygrounded.
• Always inspect the instrument and leads prior to use. Replace any
defectivepartsimmediately.
1.1 International Electrical Symbols
This symbol signifies that the instrument is protected by double or reinforced
insulation.
This symbol on the instrument indicates a WARNING and that the operator must refer
to the user manual for instructions before operating the instrument. In this manual,
the symbol preceding instructions indicates that if the instructions are not followed,
bodily injury, installation/sample and product damage may result.
Risk of electric shock. The voltage at the parts marked with this symbol may be
dangerous.
In conformity with WEEE 2002/96/EC
4
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
1.2 Definition of Measurement Categories
CAT I: Formeasurementson circuits not directly connected to theAC
supply wall outlet such as protected secondaries, signal level,
andlimitedenergycircuits.
CAT II: For measurements performed on circuits directly connected to
the electrical distribution system. Examples are measurements
onhouseholdappliancesorportabletools.
CAT III: For measurements performed in the building installation at
the distribution level such as on hardwired equipment in xed
installationandcircuitbreakers.
CAT IV: For measurements performed at the primary electrical supply
(<1000V) such as on primary overcurrent protection devices,
ripplecontrolunits,ormeters.
1.3 Receiving Your Shipment
Uponreceivingyourshipment,makesurethatthecontentsareconsistent
with the packing list. Notify your distributor of any missing items. If the
equipmentappearstobedamaged,leaclaimimmediatelywiththecar-
rierandnotifyyourdistributoratonce,givingadetaileddescriptionofany
damage.Savethedamagedpackingcontainertosubstantiateyourclaim.
1.4 Ordering Information
Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640............................ Cat. #2114.92
Includes soft carrying case, batteries and a user manual.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 Kit (150 ft) ......... Cat. #2135.13
Includes ground tester, two 150 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), one 30 ft lead
(green), two T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®
tape measure, batteries, carrying bag, user manual and warranty card.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 Kit (300 ft) ......... Cat. #2135.14
Includes ground tester, two 300 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-
coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), four T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of 5
spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure, batteries, carrying bag, user manual and
warranty card.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 Kit (500 ft) ......... Cat. #2135.15
Includes ground tester, two 500 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-
coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), one 30 ft lead (green), four T-shaped auxiliary ground
electrodes, set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure, batteries, carrying bag,
user manual and warranty card.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 4610............................ Cat. #2114.94
Includes soft carrying case, batteries and a user manual.
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
5
Ground Resistance Tester Model 4610 Kit (150 ft) ......... Cat. #2135.16
Includes ground tester, two 150 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), one 30 ft lead
(green), two T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®
tape measure, batteries, carrying bag, user manual and warranty card.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 4610 Kit (300 ft) ......... Cat. #2135.17
Includes ground tester, two 300 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-
coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), four T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of 5
spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure, batteries, carrying bag, user manual and
warranty card.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 4610 Kit (500 ft) ......... Cat. #2135.18
Includes ground tester, two 500 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-
coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), one 30 ft lead (green), four T-shaped auxiliary ground
electrodes, set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure, batteries, carrying bag,
user manual and warranty card.
1.4.1 Kits, Accessories and Replacement Parts
Test Kit for 3-Point Testing ............................................... Cat. #2135.35
Includes two 150 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), one 30 ft lead (green), two T-
shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure,
carrying bag.
Test Kit for 4-Point Testing ............................................... Cat. #2135.36
Includes two 300 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-coded leads
(hand-tied, green/black), four T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of 5 spaded lugs,
one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure, carrying bag.
Test Kit for 4-Point Testing ............................................... Cat. #2135.37
Includes two 500 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-coded leads
(hand-tied, green/black), one 30 ft lead (green), four T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes,
set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure, carrying bag.
Test Kit for 3-Point Testing (Supplementalfor4-PointTesting)... Cat. #2135.38
Includes two 100 ft color-coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), one 30 ft lead (green), two
T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of 5 spaded lugs, one 100 ft AEMC®tape measure,
carrying bag.
Set of 2, T-Shaped Auxiliary Ground Electrodes............ Cat. #2135.39
Ground Tester Video/Workbook Set ................................ Cat. #2130.64
25Ω Calibration Checker................................................... Cat. #2130.59
Tape Measure – AEMC 100 ft ............................................ Cat. #2130.60
Fuse – Set of 5, 0.1A, >250V, 0.25 x 1.25"........................ Cat. #2970.12
Order Accessories and Replacement Parts Directly Online
Check our Storefront at www.aemc.com/store for availability
6
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT FEATURES
2.1 3640 Control and Connector Identification
Ω
Press To
Measure
X-Z
Xv-Y
Xv-Y
ZYX
C1 P2 C2
Fault
Hi Resistance
Hi Noise
GROUND RESISTANCE TESTER
MODEL 3640
AUTORANGING
REFER TO USER MANUAL
FOR FAULT WARNING LIGHT
EXPLANATIONS
!
2 3 4 5
6
78910
1
Figure 1
1. Press-to-Measurebutton
2. InputterminalX(C1)
3. InputterminalY(P2)
4. Groundresistanceshortinglink
5. InputterminalZ(C2)
6. Display
7. Lowbatteryindicator
8. Xv-Yhighnoiseindicator
9. Xv-Yhighresistanceindicator
10. X-Zfaultindicator
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
7
2.2 4610 Control and Connector Identification
Ω
Press To
Measure
X-Z
Xv-Y
Xv-Y
ZYXXv
C1 P1 P2 C2
Fault
Hi Resistance
Hi Noise
GROUND RESISTANCE TESTER
MODEL 4610
AUTORANGING
REFER TO USER MANUAL
FOR FAULT WARNING LIGHT
EXPLANATIONS
!
2 3 4 5 6
7
891011
1
Figure 2
1. Press-to-Measurebutton
2. InputterminalX(C1)
3. InputterminalXv(P1)
4. InputterminalY(P2)
5. Groundresistanceshortinglink
6. InputterminalZ(C2)
7. Display
8. Lowbatteryindicator
9. Xv-Yhighnoiseindicator
10. Xv-Yhighresistanceindicator
11. X-Zfaultindicator
8
Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 3640 and 4610
2.3 Fault Indicator LEDs
The three indicators described below conrm the correct measurement
beingtakenifnoneofthemarelit.
2.3.1 X-Z Fault
ThisLEDsignalsthatvoltagebetweenterminalsXandZexceeds30Vpeak.
Therearefourpossiblecauses:
• theresistanceofthecurrentcircuitbetweenXandZistoohigh
• interferencevoltageinthecurrentcircuitistoohigh
• thefuseisblown
• thecircuitisopen(leadnotconnected)
2.3.2
X-Y High Resistance (3640) - Xv-Y High Resistance (4610)
ThisLEDsignalsthattheresistanceinthevoltagecircuit(betweenXvand
YorXandY)istoohigh(approx50kΩ)orthatthecircuitmaybeopen.
• Flashing will continue throughout the measurement, even if the
resistancedrops belowthethreshold(e.g. afterreconnectingor
loweringauxiliaryrodresistance).
• Inthiscase,youmustreleasethepush-buttonandpressagain
afterthefaulthasbeencorrected.
• Occasionally, a stray voltage above 6VDC may also set off this
light.
• Checktheleadsforapossiblesolution.
2.3.3 X-Y High Noise (3640) - Xv-Y High Noise (4610)
ThisLEDsignalsthepresenceofexcessivenoise(approx13Vpeak)in
thevoltagecircuit(betweenXvandYorXandY).
• Oneremedyistouseshieldedleadsfromtheinstrumenttothe
auxiliaryelectrodes.
• Connectalltheshieldstotherodundertest.
This manual suits for next models
1
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