Woodward XR1 User manual

XR1 – Rotor Earth Fault Relay

Manual XR1 (Revision A)

Woodward Manual XR1 GB

2 DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A

Woodward Governor Company reserves the right to update any portion of this publication at any time. Information

provided by Woodward Governor Company is believed to be correct and reliable. However, no responsibility is as-

sumed by Woodward Governor Company unless otherwise expressly undertaken.

Manual XR1 GB Woodward

DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A 3

Content

1.Applications and features...........................................................................4

2.Design...........................................................................................................5

3.Function........................................................................................................6

4.Operation and settings................................................................................8

4.1Setting of DIP-switches .......................................................................................................9

4.2Setting of the tripping values.............................................................................................10

4.3Communication via serial interface adapter XRS1 ...........................................................11

5.Relay case and technical data..................................................................12

5.1Relay case.........................................................................................................................12

5.2Technical data...................................................................................................................13

Woodward Manual XR1 GB

4 DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A

1.Applications and features

Protection relay XR1 of our PROFESSIONAL LINE is used for detection of rotor earth faults in syn-

chronous machines. The earth fault element detects high and low impedance earth faults in rotor

windings and is in two stage design (for alarm and trip).

When compared to the conventional protection equipment all relays of the PROFESSIONAL LINE

reflect the superiority of digital protection techniques with the following features:

High measuring accuracy by digital data processing

Fault indication via LEDs

Extremely wide operating ranges of the supply volt-age by universal wide-range power

supply

Very fine graded wide setting ranges

Data exchange with process management system by serial interface adapter XRS1 which

can be retrofitted

Extremely short response time

Compact design by SMD-technology

In addition to this, relay XR1 has the following special features:

Detection of high impedance earth faults in rotor windings and is in two stage design.

Short circuit and overvoltage proof measuring input for earth fault protection

Separately setting of trip delay for R< and R<<

Manual XR1 GB Woodward

DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A 5

2.Design

Figure 2.1: Connections

Measuring paths

By using a measuring voltage, the protection relay ascertains the resistance of the test object via

terminals U1 and U2.

Auxiliary voltage supply

Unit XR1 needs a separate auxiliary voltage supply. Therefore a dc or ac voltage must be used.

Unit XR1 has an integrated wide range power supply. Voltages in the range from 19 - 390 Vdc or

36 - 275 Vac can be applied at connection terminals A1 and A2.

Contact positions

Figure 2.2: Contact positions of the output relays

Woodward Manual XR1 GB

6 DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A

3.Function

A single earth fault on the field windings of a synchronous generator produces no immediate da-

maging effect. It must be detected and removed because of the possibility of a second earth fault

that could short a part of the field winding and cause severe damage.

XR1 provides an alarm and a trip element for the rotor earth fault protection.

The insulation resistance measurement system of the XR1 can be used for synchronous genera-

tors of both types, with and without brushes.

It works with a low frequency alternating test voltage (1 Hz, ±24V) which is connected via slip rings

to the main exciter winding and to rotor earth (ref. to connection diagram).

The low frequency of the test voltage is used to avoid malfunction due to the field-to-earth capacit-

ance (CE) which can reach values up to 1 µF on large generators. The test voltage is fed via one

current limiting resistors (RV) to both ends of the field winding.

Figure 3.1: Measuring principle of the earth current

The insulation resistance measurement is based on the subsequent measurement of the shunt re-

sistor voltage of two consecutive half cycles, i.e. positive and negative test voltage.

From the differential voltage between the positive and negative measuring voltage at the end of

each half cycle the insulation resistance is calculated. Thus avoiding wrong measurement due to

the earth capacitance and possible voltage offsets.

Manual XR1 GB Woodward

DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A 7

Figure 3.2 explains the measuring principle:

Figure 3.2: Measuring principle

Woodward Manual XR1 GB

8 DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A

4.Operation and settings

All operating elements needed for setting parameters are located on the front plate of the XR1 as

well as all display elements.

Because of this all adjustments of the unit can be made or changed without disconnecting the unit

off the DIN-rail.

Figure 4.1: Front plate

For adjustment of the unit the transparent cover has to be opened as illustrated. Do not use force!

The trans-parent cover has two inserts for labels.

Figure 4.2: How to open the transparent cover

LEDs

LED „ON“ is used for display of the readiness for ser-vice (at applied auxiliary voltage Uv). LED R<

and R<< signal pickup (flashing) or tripping (steady light) of the corresponding function.

Test push button

This push button is used for test tripping of the unit and when pressed for 5 s a check-up of the

hardware takes place. Both output relays are tripped and all tripping LEDs light up.

Manual XR1 GB Woodward

DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A 9

4.1 Setting of DIP-switches

The DIP-switch block on the front plate of the XR1 is used for adjustment of the nominal values and

setting of function parameters:

DIP-switch OFF ON Function

4 active blocked Rotor earth fault warning

5 active blocked Rotor earth fault tripping

7 x1 x2 Multiplier for tR<

8 x1 x2 Multiplier for tR<<

Table 4.1: Functions of DIP-switches

Blocking of rotor earth fault warning element

When DIP-switch 4 is in „ON“-position, the rotor earth fault warning element is blocked.

Blocking of rotor earth fault trip element

When DIP-switch 5 is in „ON“-position, the rotor earth fault trip element is blocked.

Woodward Manual XR1 GB

10 DOK-TD-XR1 Rev.A

4.2 Setting of the tripping values

The PROFESSIONAL LINE units have the unique possibility of high accuracy fine adjustments. For

this, two potentiometers are used. The coarse setting potentiometer can be set in discrete steps of

20 kΩor 5 kΩ. A second fine adjustment potentiometer is then used for continuously variable set-

ting of the final (0 - 20 kΩor 0 - 5 kΩ. Adding of the two values results in the precise tripping value.

Rotor earth fault alarm R<

The rotor earth fault alarm can be set in the range from 20 - 140 kΩwith the aid of the potentiome-

ter illustrated on the following diagram.

Example:

A tripping value of 92 kΩis to be set. The set value of the right potentiometer is just added to the

value of the coarse setting potentiometer. (The arrow of the coarse setting potentiometer must be

inside of the marked bar, otherwise no defined setting value).

Figure 4.3: Adjustment example

Rotor earth fault tripping R<<

The rotor earth fault tripping can be set in the range from 0 - 30 kΩwith the aid of the potentiome-

ter illustrated on the following diagram (R<< min = 2Ω)

Example:

A tripping value of 18 kΩis to be set.

Figure 4.4: Adjustment example

Time delay tR<

With the aid of DIP-switch 7 the time delay at rotor earth fault alarm tR< can be adjusted conti-

nuously variable in the range from 0 - 25 s or 0 - 50 s.

Time delay tR<<

With the aid of DIP-switch 8 the time delay at rotor earth fault tripping tR<< can be adjusted conti-

nuously variable in the range from 0 - 10 s or 0 - 20 s.

Table of contents

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