Tektronix AM 502 User manual



. .



"-~iry,_~rs"



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

Advanced Test Equipment Rentals

www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)

BEFORE

READING

070-1582-01

PLEASE

CHECK

FOR

CHANGE

INFORMA

TION

THE

REAR

THIS

MANUAL

THIS

MANUAL

REPRINTED

MARCH

1978

TEKTRONIX

5®~

DIFFERENTIAL

AlUIPL1FIER

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

Tektronix,

Inc

P.O

Box

500

Beaverton,

Oregon

97077



Serial

Number

First

Printing

MAY

1973

WARRANTY

This Tektronix instrument

warranted

against

defective

materials

and

workmanship

for

one

year

Any

questions

with

respect

the

warranty

should

be taken

with

your

Tektronix

Field

Engineer

representative

All

requests

for

repairs

and

replacement

parts

should

directed

the

Tektronix

Field

Office

representative

your

area

This

will

assure

you

the

fastest

possible

service

Please

include

the

instrument

type

number

or part

number

and

serial

number

with

all

requests

for

parts

service

1973,

1978

Tektronix,

Inc

All

rights

reserved

Contents

this

publication

may

not be

reproduced

any

form

without

the

permission

Tektronix,

lnc

Products

Tektronix,

Inc

and

its

subsidiaries

are

covered

and

foreign

patents

and/or

pending

patents

TEKTRONIX,

TEK,

SCOPE-M08fLE,

TELEQUIPMENT,

and

are

registered

trademarks

Tektronix,

Inc

Printed

Specification

and

price

change

privileges

are

reserved

REV

MAR

1978

Page

SECTION



OPERATING

INSTRUCTIONS

SECTION



SPECIFICATION

AND

PERFORMANCE

CHECK



2-1

WARNING

TABLE

CONTENTS

The

remaining

portion

this

Table of

Contents

lists

servicing

instructions

that

expose

personnel

hazardous

voltages

These

instructions

are

for qualified

service

personnel

only

SECTION



ADJUSTMENT



SECTION



MAINTENANCE

AND

INTERFACING

INFORMATION



4-1

SECTION



CIRCUIT

DESCRIPTION



5-1

SECTION



OPTIONS



6'1

SECTION



REPLACEABLE

ELECTRICAL

PARTS



7-1

SECTION



DIAGRAM

AND

CIRCUIT

BOARD

ILLUSTRATION



8-1

SECTION



REPLACEABLE

MECHANICAL

PARTS

AND

EXPLODED

VIEW



9-~

CHANGE

INFORMATION

502

Differential

Amplifier

plug-in

module



REV

MAR

1978

Description

INTRODUCTION



Installation

and

Removal

The

502

dc-coupled

differential

amplifier

with

excellent

common-mode

rejection

capabilities

and

high

gain

for

low

voltage

measurements

The

offset

capabili-

permits

nulling

volt

dc,

that

low

level,

low

frequency

signals

impressed

level

can

amplified

without the

degradation

often

introduced

by ac

input

coupling

High

andlow

frequency

-3

points

can

selected

the

front

panel

suit

the

application

Signal

inputs

and

outputs

are

available

the

rear

connector

well

the

front

panel

front

panel

lamp

indicates

most

overrange

conditions

excessive

input

signal,

excessive

gain,

or excessive

offset

The

input

circuit

can

represented

approximately

megohm

ground

paralleled

approximately

picofarads

The

input

impedancecan

raised to

about

200

megohms

with

the

removal

jumper

Overload

protection

provided

fuses

series

with

the

input

which

open

when

large

amounts

currentflow

due

overloading

conditions

STEP

GAIN

BALANCE

control

provided

adjust

for

zero

shift

as thegain switch

changed

from

one

position

another

The

OFFSET

COARSE

and

FINE

controls give

offset

volt

potential

difference

the

input

connectors

The

amplifier

internal

bias

changed

accomplish

the

offset

The

-3dB

switch

mustbe

the

OFFSET

position

actuate

these

controls

The

-3

switch

used

reduce

the

upper

bandwidth

limit

necessary

improve

the

signal-to-

noise

ratio

when

using the

502

low-frequency

applications

The

-3

control

increases

the

lower

bandwidth

frequency

Use

the pre-charging

feature

prevents

surge

currents,

due

charging

the ac coupling

capacitor,

from

damaging

the

circuit

under

test

REV

CMAR

1978

Overheating

Section

1-AM

502

OPERATING

INSTRUCTIONS

CAUTION

Turn

the

power

module

off

before

inserting

the

plug-

;

otherwise,

damage

may

occur

the

plug-in

circuitry

Because

of the high current

drawn

the

502,

it is

also

recommended

that

the

power

module

turned

off

before

removing

the

502

Refer

Fig

1-1

Check

see

that

the

plastic

barriers

the

interconnecting

jack of theselected

power

modulecompartment

match

the

cut-outs

the

502

circuit

board

edge

connector

Align the

502

chassis

with

the

upper

and

lower

guides

the

selected

compartment

Push

the

module

and

press

firmly to

seat

the

circuit

board

the

inter-

connecting

jack

remove

the

502,

pull

the

release

latch

located

the

lower

left

`corner,

until

the

interconnecting

jack

disengages

and

the

502

will

slide

out

Controls

and

Connectors

Refer

Fig

1-2

Even

though

the

502

fully

calibrated

and

ready

use,

the

functions

and

actions

the

controls

and

connectors

should

be reviewed before

attempting

use

Pull

the

Power

switch

the

power

module

apply

power

the

502

The

POWER

indicator

light

indicates

when

power

applied

the

502

OPERATING

CONSIDERATIONS

The

502

designed

operate

ambient

temperature

from

0°

to+50°C

However,

when

operating

several

power

supplies

multi-plug-in

power

module,

especially

low

output

voltages,

orwhen

operating

other

heat-producing

equipment,

internal

temperature

may

exceed

safe

limits

and

actuate a thermalcutout

the

power

module

Refer

the

power

module

instruction

manual

for

complete

information

Operating Instructions-AM 502

Fig

1-1

Plug-in

installation

and

removal

Input

Connections



Probes

Consider

the

change

the

source

operating

characteristics

due

the

signal

input

cables

The

circuit

the

input

connectors

can

be represented by

approximately

megohm

ground

paralleled

ap-

proximately

picofarads

Two

feet

ohm

coaxial

cable

increases the

parallel

capacitance

about

picofarads,

which

could

excessive

many

situations

minimize these

effects,

use

higher

impedance

cable

attenLator

probe

Bottom

roove

Input

Overloading

Slot

502

(1412)1582-2

Unshielded

test

leads

canbeused

connect

the



Attenuator

probes

decrease

the

resistive-capacitive

502

to a

signal

source

when

high-level,

low-frequency



signal

source

They

also

extend

the

measure-

signal

monitored

low

impedance

point

However,



ment

range

the

502

substantially

highervoltages

when

any

these

factors

missing,

becomes

in-



Some

measurements

require

higher

resistance

input

creasingly

important

use

shielded

signal

cables

all



the

502,

with

very

little

source

signal

cases, the

signal-transporting leads

should

be kept as



attenuation

such

situations

use

FET

probe

the

short

practical



high-impedance

input provision

the

502

Contact

your

Tektronix

Representative

for

further

information

When

making

single-ended

input

measurements

probes

(conventional

amplifier

operation),

sure

establish

common

ground

connection

between

the

device

under

test

and

the

502

The

shield

of a

coaxial

cable



High

Impedance

Input

normally

used

for

this

purpose

See

Fig

.1-3

for

reference



raise the

internal

input

impedance

the

502

Push

the

GND

button

for

the

input

not

connected

the



about

200

megohms,

remove

the

P40

plug

(Fig

.3-1)

Make

device

under

test



certain

the attenuator

the

NORM

mode

Signal

source

impedance

now

becomes

important

factor

For

exam-

some

cases

differential

measurements

require



pie,

100

picoampere

gate

current

through

megohms

common

chassis

ground

connection,

and

therefore

are



produces

one-millivolt

offset

This

offset

may

result

less

susceptible

interference

ground-loop

currents



significant

error

when

small

voltages

are

measured

When

measuring

unknown

voltages,

push

the=100

pushbutton

in,

and

start

with

the

100

position

the

GAIN

switch

Increase

the

GAIN

switch

setting

and

finally

release

the

=100

pushbutton

until

suitable

output

signal

obtained

the

input

circuit

the

502

overdriven,

large

amounts

current

will

flow,

opening

the

protective

fuses

REV

MAR

1978

STEPGAIN

BAL

Control

Variable

Gain

Control

con-

tinuously

variable

When

lit,

indicates

most

over-

range

conditions

Pushbutton

Selects

the

input

signal (ac

dc)

into

the

negative side

the

preamplifier

Input

Connector

BNC

connector

for

the

positive

side

the amplifier

GND

Pushbutton

Grounds

amplifier

input

Fund

Binding Post

Input

Connector

BNC

connector

for the

negative

side

the

amplifier

REV

MAR

1978

Release Latch

Pull

remove

plug-in

100

Pushbutton

Divides

GAIN

switch

setting

by 100

Ground

amplifier

input

Fig

1-2

502

controls

and

connectors

Operating

Instructions-AM

502

OFFSET

COURSE

and

FINE

Controls

Provides

internal

offset

approximately

input

signal

-3dB

switch

must

the

OFFSET

position

for

controls

operate

When

lit,

indicates

power

applied

--3dB

Switch

Selects

upper

-3dB

point

the

amplifier

-3

Switch

~ ~

~''~



Selects

lower

-3dB

point

the amplifier

and

activates

OFFSET

controls

OUTPUT

Connector

Selects

the

input

signal (ac

dc)

into

the

positive

side

the

preamplifier

582-9

Operating

Instructions-AM

502

7-4

Waveforms

applied

the (+)

and

(-)

input

connectors



The

resultant

display

Two

signals

different

amplitude

~~~"""""

Gam

"""""""

~~rrr~~rr~~

"""

rrr~r~rr

.~r

""~.~



""""

~~J~

.TL

)F3I~l ~Yl

I f

L-1Za

~YF~3-11

.ni~u~u~~

""~r

""""""""""

""""

~~i~~!!~~

rrrTi~~nn

!_"

"""""""

~~~IJL~JUtJLil1

Signal

(square

wave)

with

inter-

fering

line-frequency

component

applied

the (+)input

The

interfering

signal

(sine

wave)

also

applied

the

(-)

input

connector

Fig

.1-3

Waveforms

showing

differential

rejection

ofa

common-mode

signal

Resultant

Waveforms

show

the

difference

between

the

two

signals

Step

Gain

Balance

1582-5

Output

Connections



this

control

misadjusted,

the

output

level

will

Make

output

connectionsusing

bnc

dual binding



shift

as the

GAIN

switch

position

changed

Push

both

post

connector,

coaxial

cable

with

least

onebnc



GND

buttons

and

place the

GAIN

switch

the

100

connector

prevent

current

limiting

theoutput

stage,



position

Rotate the

GAIN

switch

from

stop

stop while

not

load

the

output

with

less

than

250

ohms

Output



adjusting

the

STEP

GAIN

BAL

control

for

nodo

shiftat

current

limited

milliamperes



the

OUTPUT

terminal

REV

MAR

1978

Offset

Coarse

and

Fine

Use

these

controls

to offset

volt

potential

difference

the

input

connectors

The

amplifier

internal

bias

changed

accomplish

the

offset

The

differential

rejection capabilities of the

502

are

not

affected

The

-3dB

switch

must

the

DCOFFSET

position

activate

these

controls

and

l-F

Bandwidth

Reduction

Use

the

HF-3dB

switch

reduce

the

upper

bandwidth

limit,

as necessary,

improve

the

signal-to-noise

ratio

when

using

the

502

low-frequency

applications

The

-3dB

control

increases the

lower

bandwidth

frequency

Use

this

control

reduce

drift,

when

raising

the

lower

bandwidth

does

not

undesirably

reduce

the

bandwidth

for

the

signal

being

measured

Pre-Charging

Use

this

feature

prevents

surge

currents,

due

charging

the

ac coupling

capacitor

the

502,

from

damaging

the

circuit

under

test

Before

connecting

the

502

signal

containing

component, push

the

and

GND

pushbuttons

Connectthe

input

the

circuit

under

test

Wait

about one second

for

the

coupling

capacitor

charge

Release

the

GND

pushbutton,

and

the

coupling

capacitor

charged

the

value

the

voltage

measured

Differential

Operation

differential

measurement

made

connecting

each

the

two

inputs

selected

points

the

test

circuit

The

input

the

amplifier

will

then

the

difference

voltage

the

two

selected

points

Consideration

should

given

the

proper

connection

method

used

between

the

502 and

the

circuit

under

test

;

otherwise

improper

measurement

results

may

occur

See

Fig

1-4

for

reference

Differential

voltage

measurements

are

made

apply-

ing

the

signals

the

+input

and

-input

connectors

Set

the

input

coupling switches

the

same

position,

DC,

depending

the

measurement

being

made

differential

measurements,

only

the

voltage

difference

between

the

two

signals

amplified

Common

mode

signals

(common

amplitude,

phase,

and

frequency)

are

rejected

See

Fig

1-3

A, B,

and

for

reference

REV

MAR

1978

(A)

Right

circuit

under

test

(B)

Wrong



___J

circuit

under

test

(C)

Wrong



probe

shields



tied

together

probe

shields

should

not

floating

Operating

Instructions-AM

502

common

ground



___J

circuit



probe

shields

should

under

test



not be

grounded

equipment

under

test

Differential

Amplifier

Differential

Amplifier

Differential



Amplifier

(0931)1582-13

Single-ended

measurements

often

yield

unsatisfactory



Fig

1-4

Connecting

differential

amplifier

signal

source

results

because

the

interference

resulting

from

ground-

loop

currents

between

the

502 and

the

device

under



capacitor,

which

could

limit

the

low-frequency

response

test

other

cases,

may

desirable

eliminate



The

limitations

single-ended

measurements

are

effec-

voltage

means

other

than

the

use

of a

blocking



tively

eliminated

using

differential

measurements

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