Tektronix 7A16A User manual

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1

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1

Ν

ST

F

t

U

C

-

Γ

10

Ν

ΜΑΝ

V

A

L

7

Α

16

Α

A

MP

L

I

F

I

ER

Serial

Nu

mber

Te

k

t r

o

n

ix,

Inc

.

t

Ρ

.

Ο

.

Box500



t



B

eaverton,

Oregon

97005



+



Ph

o

ne

:

644-0161

t

Ca

b

les

:

Te

k

tronix

070-1378-00



772

W

A

RR

AN

TY

All

TEK

TR

O

N

IX

instr

u

ments

are

warrante

d

against

d

efective

m

aterials

an

d

wor

k

ma

ns

h

i

p

for

one

year

.

Any

questions

with

res

p

ect

to

th

e

warranty

s

hould be

ta

k

en

up

with

you

r

TEK

T

R

O

N

IX

F

iel

d

Enginee

r

or

re

p

r

esentative

.

All

requests

fo

r

r

e

p

ai

r

s

an

d

r

e

p

lace

m

ent p

arts

s

h

ould

be

d

i

r

ecte

d

to

the

T

EK

TR

O

N

IX

F

iel

d

Office

o

r r

ep

r

ese

n

tative

in

yo

u

r

ar

ea

.

T

h

is

will

assure

you

t

he

fastest

p

ossible

service

.

P

lease

incl

u

d

e t

he

instrument

Ty

pe

Nu

mbe

r

or

P

art

N

umbe

r

and

Serial

Nu

m

be

r

with

all

re

q

uests

fo

r p

arts

or

service

.

S

p

ecificatio

n

s

an

d

p

r

ice

c

hange p

rivileges

reserve

d

.

Copy

r

ig

h

t

©

1972

by

Te

k

tronix,

Inc

.,

B

eaverton,

O

r

egon

.

Pr

i

n

te

d

in

t

h

e

U

nited

States of

America

.

All,

rig

h

ts

reserved

.

Conte

n

ts of

t

h

is

pu

b

lication

may

not

be

re

pro

d

uced

in

any

fo

r

m

with

out

permission of

Te

k

tr

onix, Inc

.

U

.S

.A

.

an

d

foreign

T

EK

T

R

ON

IX

pro

d

ucts

cove

r

ed by

U

.S

.

and

foreign patents

and/or

paten

ts

p

e

nd

ing

.

T

EK

T

R

O

N

IX

is

α

registere

d

t

r

ademar

kof

Te

k

tro

n

ix,

In

TA

BLE

O

F

CO

N

T

EN

TS

S

E

CTIO

N

1



S

PE

CI

F

ICATIO

N

S

E

CTIO

N

2



O

PER

ATI

NG

I

N

ST

RU

CTIO

NS

SECTION3



CIRCUIT

DESCRIPTION

SECTION

4



M

AINTENANCE

SECTION

5



CALIBRATION

SECTION

6



ELECTRICAL

PARTS

L

IST

Abbreviations

an

d

Symbols

P

arts

Ordering Information

SECTION

7



DIAGRAMS

AND

CIRCUIT

B

OARD

ILLUSTRATIONS

Symbols

and

R

eference

Designators

SECTION

8



MECHANICAL

PARTS

LIST

M

echanical

Parts

L

ist

Information

Index

of

M

echanical

Parts

Illustrations

M

echanical

Parts

L

ist

Page

Intro

d

u

ction



1-1

Electrical

C

h

aracteristics



1-1

En

vi

r

onmental

C

h

ar

acteristics



1-2

Ph

ysical

C

h

aracteristics



1-2

Installation



2-1

Function

of

Controls

and Connectors



2-1

B

asic

O

p

eration



2-2

General

Operating

Information



2-2

Ap

p

lications



2-3

B

lock

Diagram

Description



3-1

Detaile

d

Circuit

Description



3-1

Preventive

M

aintenance



41

Troubleshooting



4-1

Corrective

M

aintenance



4-3

Performance

Check



ς

-1

Test

Eq

ui

p

ment

R

e

q

uired



ς

-1

Short

Form

Proce

d

ure



ς

-2

Calibration

Procedure



5-3

B

alance



5-4

Gain



5-4

Com

p

ensation



5-5

B

andwi

d

th

and

Risetime



5-6

Fig

.

1-1

.

7

Α

16

Α

Amplifier

Plug-in

.

Introduction

T

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

Am

p

lifier

Plug-in

U

nit

is

α

wi

d

e-ban

d

wi

d

t

h

am

p

lifier

d

esigne

d

for use with

T

EK

TR

O

N

IX

7000-Series

C

h

aracte

r

ist

i

cs

Deflectio

n F

acto

r

Cali

brate

d

Range

Acc

ur

acy

Un

cali

br

ate

d (V

AR

IA

BLE)

Gain

R

ange

F

re

quency

R

es

p

o

n

se

Ba

ndwi

d

t

h

AC

Co

up

le

d

(

L

owe

r

B

andwi

d

t

h

L

imit)

1

10

Hz

or

less

.

20

MHz

Bandwi

d

t

h

Ste

pR

es

po

n se

20

MH

z

B

a

n

d

wi

d

t

h

R

iseti

m

e

M

aximu

m

In

p

ut

Voltage

DC

Co

u

pled

AC

Co

up

le

d

S

PE

CI

F

ICATIO

N

TA

BLE

1-1

ELE

CTR

ICA

L

Pe

r

fo

r

ma

nce

R

equ

i

re

m

e n ts

5

m

V

/

d

iv



to



5

V

/

d

iv,



10

ste

p

s



i

n



α



1-2-5

se

qu

ence

.

W

it

h

i

n 2

ο

/

ο

of in

d

icate

d

d

eflectio

n

facto

r

wit

h

GAI

N

a

dju ste

d

at

10

m

V

/

d

iv

.

Co

n

tin

u

ously

varia

b

le

betwee

n

calibrate

d ste

p

s

;

exten

d

s

d

eflectio

n

facto

r

to

at least

12

.5

V/

d

iv

.

Wit

h

7400-Se

r

ies



Ι



Wit

h

7500-Series

60

MHz



Ι



90

MHz

W

it

h

7700-Series



W

it

h

7900-Se

r

ies

150

ΜΗτ



225

MH

z

R

iseti

m

e



Ι



W

it

h

7400-Series



W

it

h

7500-Series

5

.9

n

s



3

.9

n

s

W

it

h 7700-Se

r

ies



W

it

h

7900-Series

2

.4

n

s



1

.6

ns

Section

1-7

Α

16

Α

Oscillosco

p

es

.

T

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

can

be

o

perated

in

any

p

l

u

g-in

com

p

artme

n

t

of

7000-Series

Oscillosco

p

es

.

Rea

d

out

enco

d

ing

an

d

trace

i

d

entify

f u

nctions

are

p

rovide

d

to

r

eadout

e

q

ui

pp

ed

oscillosco

p

es

.

S

up

p

lemen

tal

Information

P

e

rm

its

a

dju

st

m

e

n

t of

d

eflectio

n

facto

r

for

cali

br

ate

d

o

p

er

ation

wit

h

all

7000-Se

r

ies

main-

fra

m

es

.

20

MH

z,

±3

MHz

.

21

n

s

maxi

mum

.

250

V

(DC

+

pea

k

AC)

;

Α

com

pon

ent

500

V

Ρ

-

Ρ

maxim

um,

1

kH

z

or

less

.

500

V

(DC

+ peak

AC)

;

Αcom

p

one

n t

500

V

Ρ

-

Ρ

maxim

um,

1

kH

z

or

less

.

S

p

ecification-7A16A

TA

BLE

1-1

(

εοπ

t)

C

h

a

r

acte

r

istics



Pe

r

fo

rm

a

nce

R

eq

u

i

r

eme

n

ts



Su

p

p

lemental

Informatio

n

Input

R

and

C

R

esistance



1

ΜΩ

t2%

.

Capacita

nce



20

p

F

±0

.5

pF

.

Ove

rd

rive

R

ecove

r

y

Ti

m

e

DC

Drift

TA

BLE

1-2



TA

BLE

1-3

ENV

I

R

O

NMEN

TA

L

CH

A

R

ACT

ER

ISTICS



PH

YSICA

L

0

.1

m

s

o

r

less

to

recover

to

wit

h

i

n

one

d

ivisio

n

after

re

m

oval

of

ove

rdr

ive

sig

n

al

of

up to

+75

d

iv

or

-75

d

iv

rega

rd

less

of

ove

rd

rive

sig

n

al

du

ration

.

D

r

ift

wit

hTi

m

e

(Ambient

Tem

p

0

.02 d

iv

o

r

less in

any one

min

u

te

afte

r

one

an

d

L

ine

V

oltage

Co

n

sta

n

t)



h

our

warm

up

.

D

r

ift

wit

h

Te

mp

e

r

at

ur

e

(

Line



Ι



N

ot

m

ore than

0

.02 d

iv/

°

C

.

V

oltage

Co

n

stant)

Size



F

its all

7000-Se

r

ies

p

l

u

g-i

n

co

m

pa

r

tments

.

R

efer

to

t

h

e

sp

ecificatio

n

s

fo

rt

he

associate

d

oscillosco

pe

.



W

eig

ht



0

.9

kg or 1

.9

l

bs

.

O

PER

ATI

N

G

I

N

ST

RU

CTIO

N

S

General



POSITION

Installation

inscribe

d

wit

h

t

he

unit

i

d

entification

"7

Α

16

Α

")

and

t

h e

plug-in

will

un

latc

h

.

Continue p

ulli

ng on

t

he

latc

h

to

sli

de



GAIN

Ad

j

ustme

n t

t h e

7

Α

16

Α

o

u t

of

t

he

oscilloscope

.

F

unctions

of

Controls

an

d

Co

n

nectors

F

ront

Panel

I

NPU

T

Co

n

nector

P

rovi

d

es

signal

connection

to

t

he

am

p

lifier

.

AC-G

N

D-DC

Switch

Selects

sig

n

al

i

npu

t

coup

ling

mo

de

.

AC

:

T

he

AC

com

po

n

e

n

t

of

t

h

e

signal

is

cou

p

led

to

t

he

in

p

ut

w

h

ile

t

h

e

DC

com

ponent

is

b

loc

ke

d

.

DC

:

B

ot

h

AC

and

DC

com

p

onents

of

t

he

sig

n

al is

coup

le

d

to

t

he

amplifier

i

np

ut

.

P

O

L

A

R

ITY

Switc

h

P

rovi

d

es

α

mea

n

s

of

i

n

verting

t

h

e

d

is

p

lay

.

B

A

N

D

W

IDT

H

Switc

h

Sectio

n

2-7

Α

16

Α

To



effectively



use



t

he



7

Α

16

Α

,



t

he



operation



an

d

Controls

p

osition

of

t

he

trace

.

capabilities

of

t

h

e

instrume

n

t

must

be k

nown

.

T

h

is

section

d

escribes

front-panel

co

n

trol

f

u

nctions,

general

information

on

sig

n

al in

p

ut

co

nn

ections,

an

d

ot

h

er

sub

j

ects

t

h

at

p

ertain



ID

EN

TI

F

Y

P

us

hbu

tton

to

various

measurement

app

licatio

n

s

.



Deflects

trace

about

0

.3

d

ivisio

n

for

trace

i

d

entification

.

In

i

n

str

u

ments

with

rea

d

out,

also

re

p

laces

rea

d

o

u t

wit

h

t

h

e

wor

d

"ID

EN

TI

F

Y"

.

T

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

is

cali

br

ate

d

and

rea

dy

for

use

as

receive

d

.

It



VO

L

TS/D

I

V

Switch

can be

installed

in

any

com

partment

of

T

EK

TR

O

N

IX

7000-Series

Oscillosco

p

es,

but

is

inten

d

e

d

for

u

se

p

rimarily



Selects

cali

b

rate

d

d

eflection

factors

from

5

mV

/

d

iv

to

in

vertical

p

lug-i

n

com

partmen

ts

.

To

install,

alig

n

t

h

e

u

pp

er



5

V

/

d

iv

;

10

ste

p

s

in

α

1-2-5

se

qu

ence

.

and

lower

rails

of

the 7

Α

16

Α

with

t

he

oscillosco

p

e

trac

k

s

and

i

n

sert

t

he

p

l

u

g-in

.

T

h

e

front

panel

will

b

e

fl

u

s

h

wit

h

t

he

fro

n

t

of

t

h

e

oscillosco

pe

w

h

e n

t

he

p

lug-in

is

inserted,

an

d



V

A

R

IA

BLE

(

VO

L

TS/DI

V

)

t

he

latc

h

at

t

he b

ottom-left

corner

will

be

in

place

against

t

he

front

p

anel

.



P

rovi

d

es

continuously

variable

uncali

b

rated

settings

be-

t

w

een

calibrate

d

ste

p

s

.

E

xte

nd

s t

h

e

deflection

factor

to

To

remove

t

he 7

Α

16

Α

,

pull

on

t

he

latc

h(wh

ic

h

is

12

.5

volts/

d

ivisio

n

or

m

ore

.

Screw

d

river

ad

ju

stment

permits

calibratio

n

of

d

eflection

factor

.

+

UP

:

Α

positive-goi

ng

signal at

t

h

e

I

NPU

T

con

n

ecto

r

d

eflects

t

h

e

C

R

T

d

isplay

up

ward

.

I

NVER

T

:

Α

positive-goi

ng

sig

n

al

at

t

he

I

NPU

T

con-

nector

d

eflects

t

he

C

RT

d

is

p

lay

d

ownwar

d

.

Pr

ovides

α

m

ea

n

s

of

limiti

n

g t

he upper ban

d

wi

d

t

h

.

FULL

:

Allows

t

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

to

op

erate

at

f

u

ll

rate

d

GND

:

Gro

u

nds

t

he

am

p

lifier in

p

ut

w

h

ile

main

taining

t

he



b

an

d

widt

h

.

same

loa

d

at

t

h

e

I

NPU

T

connector

.

P

rovi

d

es

α

p

at

h

for

p

re-c

h

arging

t

h

e

AC

cou

p

ling

ca

p

acito

r

(t

h

is

feature

p

ro

tects

b

ot

h



t

he 7

Α

16

Α

an

d

t

h

e

so

u

rce

generator

from



20

MH

z

:

R

e

d

uces

t

he u

pp

er

b

andwi

d

t

h

of

t

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

to

p

ossi

b

le

over-voltage

conditions)

.



about 20

MH

z

.

O

peration-7

Α

16

Α

B

ASIC

O

PER

ATIO

N



T

he

T

EK

TR

O

N

IX Ρ

6053

p

ro

b

e

is

eq

ui

pp

e

d with α

rea

d

out cod

ing

ring

w

h

ic

h

connects

to

α

circ

u

it

in

t

he

Ge

n

eral

.

T

h

is

proce

d

ure

d

emonstrates

t

h

e

use

of

t

he



am

p

lifie

r

unit

.

T

h

is

automatically

corrects

t

h

e

rea

dout

co nn ectors

a

nd

controls of

t

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

,

w

h

ile

at

t

h

e

same



d

is

p

layed

on

t

h

e

C

R

T

to

t

h

e

actual

d

eflection factor

at

t

he

time

provi

d

ing

α

mea

n

s

of

check

ing

th

e

basic

operation

of



ti

p

of

t

he

p

ro

b

e

.

T

h

is

p

ro

b

e

is

recommen

de

d

for

use wit

h

t

he

instrument

.



t

he7

Α

16

Α

and

an

oscilloscope

e

q

u

i

p

pe

d

wit

h

readout

.

T

he

T

EK

T

R

O

N

IX

Ρ

6054

p

ro

b

e

is

electrically

ide

n

tical

to

t

he

Ρ

6053

b

ut

is

inten

d

e

d

for use wit

h systems not eq

u

i

pped

Pr

eliminary Set

up

. I

n

stall

t

he 7

Α

16

Α

into

any 7000-



wit

h

rea

d

out

.

For

more

information

refer

to

t

he

Te

k

tronix,

series

oscilloscope

vertical

compartment

an

d

set

t

he

oscillo-



Inc

.

catalog

.

sco

p

e

VER

TICA

L

M

OD

E

an

d

T

R

IGG

ER SO

UR

C

E

to

t

he

p

ro

p

er

setti

n

gs

.

Install

α

7-series

time-base

unit into

α

h

o

r

izontal



Vertical

Gain

C

h

ec

k

and

A

d

j

ustment

com

partment

an

d

set

t

he

oscillosco

p

e

HO

R

IZO

N

TA

L

To

ch

ec

k

t

he

gai

n

of

t

he 7

Α

16

Α

,

set

t

he

VO

L

TS/DI

V

M

OD

E

to

t

h

e

p

ro

p

er

setting

.

Set

t

he

time-

b

ase

unit

to

α



s

w

itc

h

to

10

mV

a

nd connect α40

m

V,

1

kH

z

sig

n

al

from

swee

p

rate

of

on

e-milliseco

ndper

division

an

d

set

t

he



the

oscillosco

p

e

calibrator

to

t

h

e

In

p

ut

connector

.

T

h

e

triggeri

ng

mode

to

A

U

TO

.



vertical

d

eflection

sh

ould

be

exactly

four

d

ivisions

.

If

not,

a

d

ju

st

t

he

front panel

GAI

N

for

exactly

four

divisions

.

Proced

u

re

1

.

Set

t

h

e 7

Α

16

Α

AC-G

N

D-DC

switc

h

to

GND

and

p

ositio

n

t

h

e

trace

to

t

h

e

ce

n

ter

of

t

he

graticule

.

2

.

Set

t

he

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switc

h

to

10

m

V

an

d

apply

α

40

m

V

1

kH

z

s

q

uare-wave

signal

from

t

h

e

oscilloscope

CA

L

I

BR

ATO

R

to

t

he 7

Α

16

Α

I

NPU

T

connector

.

Set

t

he

AC-G

N

D-DC

switc

h

to

DC

and ch

ec

k

for

α

fou

r

-

d

ivisio

n

dis

p

lay

.

3

.

Set

P

O

L

A

R

ITY

switc

h

to

I

NVER

T

an

d

ch

ec

k

t

h

at

t

h

e

dis

p

laye

d

signal

is

inverted

as

compared

to

its

ap

p

ear-

ance

in

step

2

.

4

.

Set

t

he

AC-G

N

D-DC

switc

h

to

AC

a

nd ch

ec

k

t

h

at

t

h

e

trace

is

centere

d

on

t

h

e

C

R

T

g

r

aticule

.

5

.

Set

t

h

e

oscillosco

pe

CA

L

I

BR

ATO

R

to

4

m

V

and

t

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

MAG

switc

h

set

to

ιΧ

10

.

C

h

ec

k

for

α

fo

u

r-

d

ivision

d

is

p

lay

.

6

.

P

ress

t

h

e

7

Α

16

Α

ID

EN

TI

F

Y

bu

tton,

c

h

ec

k

t

h

at

t

h

e

d

is

p

lay

moves

u

p

ward

a

pp

roximately

0

.3

division

an

d

t

h

e

rea

dou

t

(if

so

e

qu

ip

p

e

d

)

rea

d

s

"ID

EN

TI

F

Y"

.

G

EN

E

R

A

L

O

PER

ATI

NG

I

NF

O

RM

ATIO

N

Signal

Connectio

n

s

In

p

ut

Co

u

pling

T

he

AC-G

N

D-DC

switc

h

allows

α

ch

oice

of

in

p

ut

cou

p

ling

met

h

od

s .

T

h

e

ty

p

e

of

d

is

p

lay

d

esired

a

nd

t

he

app

lie

d

signal

will

determine

t

h

e

cou

p

li

ng

to

use

.

T

he

DC

cou

pling

p

osition

ca

n

be

use

d

for

most

ap

p

lications

.

For

AC

signals

wit

h

f

r e

q

uencies

b

elow

a

b

out

30

H

z

(10

H

z

wit

hα10

Χ

p

robe),

an

d

s

q

uare

waves

w

h

ose

low-frequency

com

p

onents

are

imp

ortant

to

t

he

display,

it

is

necessary

to

use

DC

cou

pling

to

obtain

α

satisfactory

p

resentation

.

In

t

he

AC

coup

li

n

g

p

ositio

n

t

he

DC

component

of

t h e

signal

is

b

loc

ked

b

yα

ca

p

acitor

in

t

he

in

pu

t

circ

u

it

.

T

he

AC

coup

ling

position

p

rovides

t

he

best

display

of

signals

wit

h

α

DC

com

p

onent

muc

h

larger

t h

an

t

he

AC

com

p

on

ent

.

T

h e

p

re-c

h

arge

feature

s

h

oul

d

be

use

d

w

hen

t

h

ere

is

α

p

ossi

b

ility

of

h

aving

α

resi

d

ual

c

h

arge

on

t

h

e

i

np

ut ca

p

acitor

of

t h e

op

p

osite

polarity

to

t

he

inte

nded

i

np

ut,

and

w

h

en

t h e

algebraic

sum

of

t

h

e

com

b

i

n

atio

n

of

ch

arges

may

b

e

greater

t

han

t

h

e

maximum

in

p

ut

limitations

of

t

he

am

p

lifier

.

To

use

t

h

is

feature,

first

set

t

he

coupling

switc

h

to

GN

D,

th

en

connect

t

he pro

b

e

to

t

h

e

circ

u

it

an

d

wait

about

two

seco

nd

s

for

t

he coup

ling

ca

p

acitor

to

c

h

arge,

set

t

h

e

coup

ling

switc

h

to

AC

.

In

general,

p

robes

offer

t

he

most

co

n

venie

n

t

mea

n s

of



T

h

e

G

N

D

p

osition

p

rovi

d

es

α

ground

reference

at

t

he

con

necting

α

sig

n

al

to

t

he

i

n

p

ut of

t

he 7

Α

16

Α

.

Α

10

Χ



inpu

t

of

t

h

e

am

p

lifier

without

externally

grou

nding

t

he

atten

u

ator

pro

b

e

offers

α

h

ig

h

im

p

e

d

ance

and

allows

t

h

e



In

p

u

t

connectors

.

However,

t

h

e

signals

connecte

d

to

t

he

circ

u

it

under

test

to

p

erform

very

close

to

normal

o

p

erating



in

pu

ts

are

not

gro

und

ed,

and

the

same

DC

loa

d

is

p

resente

d

con

d

itions

.



to

t

he

signal

source

.

V

O

L

TS/DI

V

and

V

A

R

IA

BL

E



2

.

Set

t

he

Co

u

pling

switchto

AC

.

T

h

e

amount

of d

eflectio

n produced

by

α

sig

n

al is

d

etermine

d

by

t

he

signal

amplitu

d

e, t

he

attenuatio

nfacto

r

of

t

heprob

e, t

h

e

setting

of

t

he

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switch

,

and

t

he

setting

of

t

h

e

VA

R

IA

BLE

Control

.

Calibrate

d

d

eflection

factors

re

p

resente

d

b

y

t

h

e

setting

of

t

he

V

O

L

TS/

DI

V

switch

apply

only

w

hen

t

h

e

V

A

R

IA

BLE

con

trol

is

i

n

t

he

CA

L p

ositio

n

(

p

ush

e

d

-in)

.

T

he

VA

R

IA

BLE

control p

rovides

variable

u

ncalibrate

d

settings

between

t

h

e

cali

brated

ste

p

s

of

t

he

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switch

.

W

it

h

t

h

e

V

A

R

IA

BLE

control

outset

fully

cou

nter-

clockwise

the

uncalibrated d

eflectio

nfactor

is

exten

d

ed

to

at

least

2

.5

times

t

he

atte

n

uator

setting

.

By

a

pp

lyi

ng

α

calibrate

d

voltage

source

to

t

h

e

I

NPU

T

conn

ector,

any

specific

d

eflection

factor

can

be

set

with

in t

he

range

of

t

h

e

V

A

R

IA

BLE

con

trol

.

P

olarity

Switch

The

P

O

L

A

RITY

switch p

rovi

d

es

α

means

of

inverting

t

h

e

d

is

p

laye

d

signal

.

W

it

h

t

h

e

P

OL

A

R

ITY

set

to +

UP,

α

p

ositive-going

sig

n

al

at

t

h

e

I

NPU

T

p

ro

d

uces

an

up

ward

d

eflectio

nof

t

he

CRT

display

.

W

it

h

t

h

e

P

O

L

A

R

ITY

set

to

I

NVER

T,

α

p

ositive-going

signal

will

p

ro

d

uce

α

d

ownwar

d

d

eflectio

nof

t

h

e

CR

T

d

isplay

.

Trace

I

d

entification

Wh

en

t

he ID

EN

TI F

Y

b

utton

is

p

resse

d

,

t

he

trace

is

deflecte

d

u

p

war

d

about

0

.3

d

ivision

to

i

dentify

t

h

e 7

Α

16

Α

trace

.

T

h

is

feature

is

p

articularly

usef

u

l

w

h

en

multi

p

le

traces are

d

isplayed

on

the

CR

T

.

In

mainframes

wit

h

rea

d

out,

it

also

re

p

laces

t

h

e

d

eflection

factor

rea

d

out wit

h

t

he

wor

d

"ID

EN

TI F

Y"

.

General

A

PPL

ICATIONS

P

ea

k

-to-

P

ea

k

V

oltage

M

easurements

(AC)

Toma

k

e

pea

k

-to-

peak

voltage

meas

u

rements,

use

t

he

following

p

r

oce

d

ure

:

1

.

Apply

t

h

e

signal

to

t

he

In

p

ut connector

.

ΝΟΤΕ

ΝΟΤΕ

P

osition

to

ce

n

ter

vertical

line

Operation-7A

16A

For

low-frequency

signals

below

about

30

h

ertz,

use

the

DC

position

to

prevent

attenuation

of

the

signal

.

3

.

Set

t

h

e

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switchto d

is

p

lay

about

five

vertical

d

ivisions

of

t

h

e

waveform

.

4

.

Set

t

he

time-base

Triggering

controls for

α

stable

d

is

p

lay

.

Set

t

he

Time

B

ase

to α

swee

p

rate

w

h

ic

h

dis

p

lays

several

cycles

of

t

h

e

waveform

.

5

.

Tur

n

t

he 7

Α

16

Α

P

OSITIO

N

control so the

lower

p

ortio

n

of

t

h

e

waveform

coinci

d

es

wit

h

o

ne of

t

he

gratic

u

le

li

n

es

below

t

he center

h

orizontal

li

n

e,

and

t

he topof

t

h

e

waveform

is

wit

h

in

t

he

viewi

ng

area

.

W

it

h

t

h

e

time

base

P

osition

co

n

t

r

ol,

move

t

h

e

dis

p

lay

so

one

of

t

he u

pp

er

p

ea

ks lies

n

ear

the

center

vertical

line

(see

F

ig

.

2-1)

.

6

.

M

easure

t

he

d

ivisions

of

vertical

d

eflection

p

eakto

p

ea

k

.

C

heck

t

h

at

t

h

e

V

A

RIA

BLE

control

is

i

n

t

h

e

CA

L

p

osition

.

This

technique

can

also

be used

to

make

measu

r

e-

ments

between

two

p

oints

on

the

waveform,

r

athe

r

t

han

p

ea

k

to

peak

.

T

he

following

i

n

formation

d

escribes

the

p

r

oce

d

ures

a

nd

tech

ni

q

ues

for

ma

k

ing

meas

u

rements

with

α

7

Α

16

Α

an d

t

h

e

associate

d

T

EK

T

R

O

N

IX

oscillosco

p

e

and

time-base

.

T

h

ese

a

pp

licatio

n

s

are

n

ot

d

escri

bed

in

d

etail,

since

eac

h

a

pp

lica-

tio

n

must

b

ead

a

pted to

the re

q

ui

r

ements

of

the

i

nd

ivi

d

ual

m

eas

u

rements

.

T

h

is

instrument

can

also

b

e

used

for

many

app

lications

w

h

ic

h

are

n

ot

described

in t

h

is

manual

.



defle

V

e

r

c

ti

ι

co

ι

n

Co

n

tact

your

local

T

EK

T

R

O

N

IX

F

iel

d Office or represen

t-

ative

for

assistance

in

ma

k

ing

s

p

ecific

measureme

n

ts

wit

h

t

h

is

instrument

.

F

ig

.

2-1

.

M

eas

ur

i

ng

t

h

e

p

ea

k

-to-pea

k

voltage

of

α

waveform

.

2-3

Ope

r

ation-7

Α

16

Α

7

.

Mu

lti

p

ly

t

h

e

d

istance

measu

re

d

in

ste

p7b

y

t

he



5

.

Set

t h e

time-

b

ase

Triggeri

n

g

controls fo

r

α

sta

b

le

V

OL

TS/DI

V

switc

h

setting

.

I

n

clude

t

he

attenuation

factor



d

is

p

lay

.

Set

t

he

Time

Base

swee

p

rate

for

an o

p

ti

m

um

of

t

he p

robe

if

used

.



d

is

p

lay

of

t

he

waveform

.

EXA

MPLE

:

Assu

me

t

h

at

t

h

e

peak

to

p

ea

k

vertical



6

.

Measure

t

h

e

d

ista

n

ce

in

d

ivisio

n

s

between

t

h

e

refer-

d

eflectio

n

is

4

.5

d

ivisions

using

α

10

Χ

attenuator

p

robe,



ence

line

and

t

he p

oint

on

t

he

waveform

at

w

h

ic

h

t

he

DC

and

t

he

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switc

h

is

set

to

1

V

.



level



is

to



be

measured

.



For

exam

p

le,

in



Fig

.

2-2

t

he

measurement

is

between

t

h

e

reference

line

an

d

p

oint

Α

.

vertical

VO

L

TS/DI

V

p

ro

b

e

Volts

=

d

eflection

Χ



Χ

atten

u

ator

(

d

ivisio

n

s)

setti

n

g

facto

r

S

ub

stituti

n

g

t

he

given

val

u

es

:

Volts

P

ea

k

to

P

ea

k =

4

.5

Χ

1

Χ

10

T

he

p

ea

k

-to-

p

ea

k

voltage

is

45

volts

.

If

you

are

usi

ng

α

7

Α

16

Α

wit

h

α

cod

e

d

pro

b

e

an

d

an

oscillosco

p

e

equ

i

pp

e

d with

rea

do

u

t, si

mp

ly

m

u

lti

p

ly

the

d

istance

measured

in

ste

p 7

b

y

t

he

deflection

factor

d

is

p

laye

don

t

he

CRT

.

Instantantous

V

oltage

Measurements

(DC)

To

measure

t

he

DC

level

at

α

give

n

point

on

α

waveform,

p

rocee

d

as

follows

:

1

.

Co

n

nect

t

he

signal

to

t

h

e

In

p

ut

connector

.

2

.

Set

t

he

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switc

h

to

d

isplay

about

five

d

ivisio

n

s

.

3

.

Set

t

h

e

Co

up

ling

switc

h

to

G

ND

an

d

p

osition

t

he

trace

to

t

he

bottom

graticule

line

or ot

h

e r r

efe

r

ence

line

.

If

t

he

voltage

is

negative

wit

h

res

p

ect

to

grou

nd

,

p

osition

t

he

trace

to

t

he

to

p

gratic

u

le

li

ne

.

Do

n

ot

move

t

he

POSITIO

N

control

after

t

h

is

reference

line

h

as

b

een

establis

h

e

d

.

NO

ΤΕ

7

.

E

sta

b

lis

h

t

he p

olarity

of

t

he

waveform

.

W

it

h

t

h e

+

UP

/I

NV

switc

h

i

n

t

h

e

+

UP

p

ositio

n

,

a

ny

p

oi

n t

above

t h e

reference

line

is

p

ositive

.

8

.

Multiply

t

h

e

d

ista

n

ce

measured

i

n

step

7 by

t

h

e

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switc

h

setti

n

g

.

I

n

clude

t

h

e

atte

n

uation

facto

r

of

t

h

e

p

robe,

if

use

d

.

EXA

MPLE

:

Assu

me

t

h

e

vertical

d

ista

n

ce

measure

d

is

3

.6

d

ivisions (see

Fig

.

2-2)

and

t

h

e

waveform

is

above

t

he

r

eference

line

usi

ng

α

10

Χ

p

r

obe

with

α

VO

L

TS/DI

V

switc

h

setting

of

0

.5

V

.

U

sing

t

h

e

form u

la

:

Instan-

vertical



VO

L

TS/

p

ro

b

e

taneous

=

d

istance



Χ

polarity

Χ



DI

V



Χ

atte

n

uatio

n

V

oltage

(

d

ivisions)



setting

facto

r

S

ub

stit

u

ti

n

g t

he

given

values

:

Instantaneo

u

s

Voltage

=3

.6

Χ

1

Χ

0

.5

VΧ

10

T

he

instantaneo

u

s

voltage

is

18

volts

.

To

measure

α

voltage

level

with

r

espect

to

anot

h

e

r

Ve

r

tical

voltage

rat

her

t

h

an groun

d,

ma

k

e

t

h

e

following



distance

c

h

anges

to

Step

4

.

Set

t

h

e

Coupling

switc

h

to

DC

and

apply

t

h

e

refe

r

ence

voltage

to

t

h

e Input

con

n

ecto

r

.

T

h

en

position

t

h

e

trace

to

t

h

e

r

efe

r

ence

line

and

disconnect

t

h

e

r

efere

n

ce

voltage

.

R

efe

r

e n

ce

line

4

.

Set

t

h

e

Cou

p

ling

switc

h

to

DC

.

T

he

gro

und

refe

r

ence



'



'

line

can

b

e ch

ec

ke

d

at

any

time

by

switc

h

ing

to

t

he

GND



F

i

g

,

2

.2,

Meas

u

ri

ng

i

n

sta

n

ta

n

eo

u

s

voltage

wit

h

respect to

same

position

.



reference

.