SmarTrunk ST-1000D User manual

ST-1000D

UHF FM COMPACT DIGITAL

TRANSCEIVER

SERVICE MANUAL

SmarTrunk Systems, INC.

ST-1000D SM R1.1B

ST-1000D SM R 1.1B SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

Table of Contents

1. Specifications: ............................................................................................................................. 4

3. ST-1000 SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM.................................................................................................... 6

4. - ST-1000 RF DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................. 7

4. - ST-1000 RF DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................. 8

4.1. Circuit Configuration ............................................................................................................... 8

4.2. Receiver System ...................................................................................................................... 8

4.2.1. Front-end RF Receiver......................................................................................................... 8

4.2.2. ANALOG Audio Processing .................................................................................................. 8

4.2.3. Virtual Squelch Circuit ......................................................................................................... 8

4.2.4. Virtual VOLUME CONTROL .................................................................................................. 9

4.2.5. Sub audio signaling.............................................................................................................. 9

4.2.6. ANALOG AUDIBLE SIGNALING............................................................................................. 9

4.2.7. DIGITAL AUDIO PROCESSING............................................................................................... 9

4.3. Transmitter System ............................................................................................................... 10

4.3.1. ANALOG TX SIGNAL........................................................................................................... 10

4.3.2. DIGITAL TX AUDIO:............................................................................................................ 10

4.3.3. Driver and Final Amplifier Stages ...................................................................................... 10

4.3.4. Automatic Transmit Power Control................................................................................... 11

5. RC-1000 ALIGNMENT ................................................................................................................ 12

5.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 12

6. COMPLIMENTARY USER ALIGNMENT........................................................................................ 13

6.1. OPTION ALIGNMENT:............................................................................................................ 13

6.1.1. SQUELCH LEVEL:................................................................................................................ 13

6.1.2. ANNUNCIATION ................................................................................................................ 13

6.1.3. Tones................................................................................................................................. 14

6.1.4. Voice activated transmission............................................................................................. 14

6.1.4.1. VOX sensitivity level ...................................................................................................... 14

ST-1000D SM R 1.1B SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

6.1.4.2. VOX inhibit on receive................................................................................................... 14

6.1.4.3. VOX delay ...................................................................................................................... 15

6.1.5. Battery save ...................................................................................................................... 15

6.1.6. Microphone sensitivity...................................................................................................... 15

7. ST-1000D SCHEMATIC ............................................................................................................... 17

11 ST-1000D COMPONENT LOCATOR ................................................................................................ 18

11.1 ST-1000D TOP LAYER COMPONENTS LOCATION....................................................................... 18

11.2 ST-1000D BOTTOM LAYER COMPONENTS LOCATION............................................................... 19

12 ST-1000D PCB LAYOUT.................................................................................................................. 20

12.1 ST-1000D TOP LAYER PCB LAYOUT............................................................................................ 20

12.2 ST-1000 BOTTOM LAYER PCB LAYOUT ...................................................................................... 21

12.3 ST-1000D PCB GROUND LAYER ................................................................................................. 22

12.4 ST-1000D PCB POWER LAYER.................................................................................................... 23

13 ST-1000D BOM.............................................................................................................................. 24

14 ST-1000D MECHANICAL BOM ....................................................................................................... 30

15 ACCESSORY PORT:......................................................................................................................... 32

16 ST-1000D SERVICE MANUAL REVISIONS ....................................................................................... 34

ST-1000D SM R 1.1B SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

1. Specifications:

SPECIFICATION

ST-1000D

GENERAL

Frequency Range [Mhz]

450 TO 520

Channels

Power [Vdc]

6.4 to 8.8

Dimensions [mm]

120(H)x33(D)x57(W)

Weight [gr] (oz)

190 - (6.7)

Temperature range

- 30 °C ~ 60 °C (-22°F ~ +140°F)

Signaling

51 CTCSS tones / 183 DCS tones / 65533 SDR IDs

Display

Emergency call

GPS

Channel Scan

BCLO / BTLO

Yes

Power Saver control

Yes

TOT

Radio Kill/Alive

Adjustable Power Selection

H/L

Key lock

Password

Yes

Key Function selection

Yes

TRANSMIT

MAX RF power

2 W

Frequency Stability

>1PPM

Bandwidth [Khz]

12.5/25

Adjacent Channel Power

-65dBC (typ)

SNR

45dB typ

Analog harmonic distortion

5% typ (AF 1Khz, 60% deviation)

Data transmit rate

2400/4800bps

Max frequency deviation

[email protected] BW/5Khz@25Khz BW

Analog Modulation type

11K0F3E, 25K0F3E

FDMA Digital emissions

8K30F1E, 8K30F1D, 8K30F1W

Ext. Mic. Impedance

600 Ohms

RECEIVER

Analog Sensitivity

0.25uV (12dB Sinad)

Digital Sensitivity

0.3uV (5% BER)

Image rejection

60dB typ

Adjacent Channel selectivity

60dB typ @25KHz BW

HUM and NOISE ratio

40dB

Speaker Audio Power

External audio power

Specifications subject to change without notice or obligation

2. ST-1000 EXPLODED VIEW

3. ST-1000 SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM

LPF

Ant Sw

D1/D4

Final

AMP

Power

Detection

Driver

Buffer

AMP

TX CTRL

[U3]

CLOCK

[Y2]

POWER

CTRL

[U3]

FLASH

MEMORY

[U4]

RAM

MEMORY

[U7]

PWM

SIDE

KEYS

SERIAL

PORT

Main Processor

[U8]

Radio

MIC

AMP

[U11]

AUDIO

[U9]

Notes:

ST-1000D SM R 1.1B SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

4. - ST-1000 RF DESCRIPTION

4.1. Circuit Configuration

The receiver is a single receiver

with built-in DSP fully integrated.

Incoming signals from the

antenna, after passing through

LPF filter, are fed direct to the DSP

down converter to get the

baseband voice from 0Hz to

3500Hz.

Demodulated signals are fed to the

DSP processor where are filtered

and conditioned. This processor

also includes a high efficiency FSK

modem.

For digital demodulation, once the

data is decoded, and free of errors,

it is fed into the into a vocoder

firmware module, which converts

the data to voice.

Analog voice from the analog path

or the analog voice recovered from

the vocoder firmware, are fed into

an audio power amplifier direct

from a digital to analog converter.

Transmit signal frequency is

generated by integrated VCO and

PLL. RF frequency generated by

the integrated RF chip is amplified

into a 3-step amplifier then filtered

by a low pass filter to be applied to

the antenna.

4.2. Receiver System

4.2.1. Front-end RF Receiver

Incoming RF signals from the

antenna are delivered to the

Receiver Unit and pass through a

Low-pass filter, antenna switching

diode, and then fed to the receiver

(U1) passing through a limiter

BPF.

4.2.2. ANALOG Audio Processing

The RF signal is tuned by U1,

which includes a base band DSP

audio processing, recovering flat

audio from DC up to 3500 hz.

The detected audio is amplified,

filtered and conditioned inside of

U8 which also includes a de-

emphasize filtering shape for

received audio signals by firmware.

The output of the filtered and

conditioned audio is delivered to

an audio power amplifier (U9) then

to the speaker passing through the

external audio connector switch.

4.2.3. Virtual Squelch Circuit

S/N ratio is measured by the

receiver (U1) as the result of the

analysis of the signal and the noise

of the carrier. The output is sent to

the main processor as a digital

frame, which is analyzed by radio

LPF

SWITCH

PROTECTION

FILTER

RECEIVER

[U1]

RECEIVER

[U1]

MAIN

PROCESSOR

[U8]

AMPLIFIER

[U9]

ST-1000D SM R 1.1B SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

firmware, removing noise then

qualifying the signal level. If the

signal level is higher than the

expected for the current

programmed squelch threshold,

then the processor analyzes the

expected signaling programmed on

the current channel table.

In case of not any signaling is

required, or the signal has been

detected, the processor opens the

virtual audio path, unmuting the

audio amplifier (U9).

4.2.4. Virtual VOLUME CONTROL

The potentiometer position (RV1) is

measured by one analog to digital

converter on the main processor

(U8). The firmware immediately

adjusts the processor path gain to

get the appropriate overall circuitry

volume control.

Minimum volume, emergency and

private audio level are controlled

only by software overriding the

information received from the DAC

on U8.

4.2.5. Sub audio signaling

Received sub audio signaling as

CTCSS and DCS are received,

processed, and detected by the

receiver (U1). Once decoded, the

sub audio signaling is reported to

the processor where the firmware

compares it with the value

programmed into the current

channel programming.

If the received signaling matches

the channel programming, then

the main processor (U8) opens the

audio patch.

4.2.6. ANALOG AUDIBLE SIGNALING

DTMF signals, MDC1200 and tone

signals are processed and decoded

by the main processor (U8).

Decoded information or received

tone is analyzed by firmware on

the main processor (U8).

4.2.7. DIGITAL AUDIO PROCESSING

Digital received information is

processed by the receiver DSP (U1)

then delivered to the main

processor (U8), which includes a

very sensitive FSK modem.

Data decoded by the modem

firmware is transferred to the main

code, which de-encrypts the

information, checks the integrity,

corrects the wrong bits and extract

the audio information form the

received frame.

The portion of the data received,

error free, is moved to the vocoder

firmware module internally into

the main processor (U8).

The vocoder firmware re-builds the

audio from the compressed data

then applies filter it, adjust the

volume and fed it to the audio

power amplifier (U10) through one

RECEIVER

[U1]

AMPLIFIER

[U10]

MAIN

PROCESSOR

[U8]

VOCODER

U6]

ST-1000D SM R 1.1B SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

high definition digital to analog

converter.

4.3. Transmitter System

4.3.1. ANALOG TX SIGNAL

The AF signal from the internal

microphone (MK1) or external

microphone (J4) are processed as

differential signal, then it is

conditioned and transformed into

common mode by the microphone

pre-amplifier (U11).

The result of the conditioned in-

band filtered signal is fed to the

Main Processor (U8), which

provides audio gain control,

compander, emphasize, limitation,

encryption, etc. by software

algorithms.

The high audio band of the signals

from 300 to 3500 Hz are directly

fed to the transmitter (U1), which

performs a direct modulation of a

generated carrier.

Low frequency signaling audio is

fed directly to Y1 VC TXCO main

clock generator and U1 with a

corresponding balance controlled

by software.

4.3.2. DIGITAL TX AUDIO:

The AF signal from the internal

microphone (MK1) or external

microphone (J4) are fed directly to

the main processor (U8), which

perform the signal filtering, the

data codification, into especial

firmware block. The result of the

digitized information is processed

by a FEC (Frame Error Correction)

module, adding spare bits to

ensure high robustness to the

data, then it is encrypted and the

user related information as user ID

is added.

The final data frame is fed to the

modem code, which generates the

FDMA signals, controlling the

modulation of the Transmitter (U1)

through the VC TXCO for DC to

low frequencies and the direct

modulation for higher frequencies.

4.3.3. Driver and Final Amplifier Stages

Final RF is amplified on Q1

(2SC3356) then filtered to be fed to

Q3 (2SK3475) then finally

amplified by Q2 (2SK3476) up to 2

watts output power.

The transmit signal then passes

through the antenna switch D1

(BAR88) and is low-pass filtered to

suppress harmonic spurious

radiation before delivery to the

antenna.

AMPLIFIER

[U11]

MAIN

PROCESSOR

[U8]

TRANSMITTER

[U1]

VC TXCO

[Y1]

TRANSMITTER

[U1]

VC TXCO

[Y1]

MAIN

PROCESSOR

[U8]

AMPLIFIER

[U11]

Table of contents

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