NEC MPD78C14 A Quick start guide

1994

The

PD78C14(A)isasingle-chip,CMOS8-bitmicrocontrollerinwhicha16-bitALU,aROM,aRAM,anA/Dconverter,

a multifunction timer/event counter, and a serial interface are all integrated. Moreover, a 48-Kbyte external expansion

memory (ROM/RAM) can be connected.

Since the

PD78C14(A) uses the CMOS construction, its operations are performed with low power consumption. By

using the standby function, functions such as data retention are performed with lower power consumption.

For details on functions, refer to the User’s Manual listed below. Please read it before starting design work.

87AD series

PD78C18 User’s Manual: IEU-1314

FEATURES

High reliability as compared with

PD78C14

159 instructions: 87AD instruction set

Multiply and divide instructions, 16-bit arithmetic operation instructions

Instruction cycle: 0.8

s at 15 MHz

Internal ROM: 16384 W x 8

Internal RAM: 256 W x 8

Direct addressing to an external memory (ROM/RAM) up to 64 Kbytes

Highly accurate 8-bit A/D converter: Eight analog inputs

General-purpose serial interface: Asynchronous, synchronous, and I/O interface modes

Multifunction 16-bit timer/event counter

Two 8-bit timers

I/O lines: 44

Interrupt functions: Three external, eight internal

• Non-maskable interrupt: 1

• Maskable interrupts: 10

Zero-cross detection function (two inputs)

Standby functions: HALT mode, Hardware/software STOP mode

ORDERING INFORMATION

Part number Package Quality grade

PD78C14G(A)-xxx-36 64-pin plastic QUIP Special

PD78C14GF(A)-xxx-3BE 64-pin plastic QFP (14 x 20 mm) Special

PD78C14L(A)-xxx 68-pin plastic QFJ (950 x 950 mil) Special

Remark xxx is a ROM code suffix.

Document No. IC-2813B

(O.D. No. IC-8242B)

Date Published May 1995 P

Printed in Japan

PD78C14(A)

MOS INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLER (WITH A/D CONVERTER)

Please refer to “Quality grade on NEC Semiconductor Devices” (Document number IEI-1209) published by

NEC Corporation to know the specification of quality grade on the devices and its recommended applications.

1991

HThe mark shows revised points.

DATA SHEET

The information in this document is subject to change without notice.

PD78C14(A)

PA0

PA1

PA2

PA3

PA4

PA5

PA6

PA7

PB1

PB2

PB3

PB4

PB5

PB6

PB7

PC0/TxD

PC1/RxD

PC3/INT2

PC4/TO

PC5/CI

PC6/CO0

PC7/CO1

NMI

INT1

MODE1

RESET

MODE0

VSS

PB0

PC2/SCK

VDD

STOP

PD7

PD6

PD5

PD4

PD3

PD2

PD0

PF7

PF6

PF5

PF4

PF3

PF2

PF1

PF0

AVDD

VAREF

AN7

AN6

AN5

AN4

AN3

AN2

AN1

AN0

AVSS

PD1

ALE

PD78C14G(A)-XXX-36

PD2

PD1

PD0

PF7

PF6

PF5

PF4

PF3

PF2

PF1

PF0

ALE

AVDD

VAREF

AN7

AN6

AN5

PA6

PA7

PB0

PB1

PB2

PB3

PB4

PB5

PB6

PB7

PC0/TxD

PC1/RxD

PC2/SCK

PC3/INT2

PC4/TO

PC5/CI

PC6/CO0

PC7/CO1

NMI

PD3 52

PD4 53

PD5 54

PD6 55

PD7 56

STOP 57

VDD 58

PA0 59

PA1 60

PA2 61

PA3 62

PA4 63

PA5 641 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516 1718 19

515049484746454443 42414039 3837 36353433 AN4

AN3

AN2

AN1

AN0

AVSS

VSS

MODE0

RESET

MODE1

INT1

PD78C14GF(A)-XXX-3BE

Pin Configuration (Top View)

PD78C14(A)

PA6

PA5

PA4

PA3

PA2

PA1

PA0

VDD

STOP

PD7

PD6

PD5

PD4

PD3

PD2

PC7/CO1

NMI

INT1

MODE1

RESET

MODE0

VSS

AVSS

AN0

AN1

AN2

AN3

AN4

AN5

AN6

PA7 10

PB0 11

PB1 12

PB2 13

PB3 14

PB4 15

PB5 16

PB6 17

PB7 18

PC0/TxD 19

PC1/RxD 20

PC2/SCK 21

PC3/INT2 22

272829 30313233343536373839404142 43

987654321686766 6564636261 PD1

PD0

PF7

PF6

PF5

PF4

PF3

PF2

PF1

PF0

ALE

PD78C14L(A)-XXX

IC 23

PC4/TO 24

PC5/CI 25

PC6/CO0 26

AVDD

47 IC

46 VAREF

45 AN7

PD78C14(A)

Block Diagram

PF7-0/AB15-8

PD7-0/AD7-0

PC7-0

PB7-0

PA7-0

PORT A PORT B PORT C PORT D PORT F

8/16

INST.REG

INST.

DECODER

DATA

MEMORY

(256-BYTE)

PROGRAM

MEMORY

(16 K-BYTE)

MAIN

G.R

ALT

G.R

INTERNAL DATA BUS

ALU

(8/16)

PSWLATCHLATCH

STANDBY

CONTROL

SYSTEM

CONTROL

READ/WRITE

CONTROL

VSSVDD

STOPRESET

MODE1 MODE0

ALE

LATCH

INC/DEC

EA'

BUFFER

OSC

SERIAL I/O

INT.

CONTROL

TIMER

EVENT

COUNTER

A/D

CONVERTER

PC0/TxD

PC1/RxD

PC2/SCK

NMI

INT1

PC3/INT2/TI

PC4/TO

PC5/CI

AVSS

PC7/CO1

PC6/CO0

AN7-0 8

VAREF

VDD

Note

Note DATA MEMORY can only be used when RAE bit of MM register is set to 1.

External memory is necessary when 0 is set.

PD78C14(A)

CONTENTS

1. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN

PD78C14(A) AND

PD78C14 ...................................................6

2. PIN FUNCTIONS ......................................................................................................................7

2.1 Pin Function List.........................................................................................................................7

2.2 Pin Input/Output Circuits ...........................................................................................................9

2.3 Recommended Connections for Unused Pins.......................................................................13

3. INSTRUCTION SET................................................................................................................14

3.1 Operand Expression Format/Description Method.................................................................14

3.2 Instruction Code Description ..................................................................................................16

3.3 Instruction Execution Time......................................................................................................17

4. LIST OF MODE REGISTERS .................................................................................................29

5. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ..........................................................................................30

6. CHARACTERISTIC CURVES (reference value)...................................................................41

7. PACKAGE DRAWINGS .........................................................................................................44

8. RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS .....................................................................47

APPENDIX DEVELOPMENT TOOLS............................................................................................49

PD78C14(A)

1. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN

PD78C14(A) AND

PD78C14

Part number

PD78C14(A)

PD78C14

Item

Quality grade Special Standard

Electrical Input leakage current Input leakage current

specifications (AN7-0; ±1

A (MAX.) AN7-0; ±10

A (MAX.)

Package • 64-pin plastic QUIP • 64-pin plastic shrink DIP

• 64-pin plastic QFP • 64-pin plastic QUIP

(14 x 20 mm, thickness: 2.05 mm) • 64-pin plastic QUIP (straight)

• 68-pin plastic QFJ • 64-pin plastic QFP

(14 x 20 mm, thickness: 2.05 mm)

• 64-pin plastic QFP

(14 x 20 mm, thickness: 2.70 mm)

• 68-pin plastic QFJ

PD78C14(A)

2. PIN FUNCTIONS

2.1 Pin Function List

Pin Input/Output Function

PA7-PA0 Input/Output These 8 pins constitute an 8-bit I/O port and input/output can be specified in bit

(Port A) units.

PB7-PB0 Input/Output These 8 pins constitute an 8-bit I/O port and input/output can be specified in bit

(Port B) units.

PC0/TxD Input/Output, Port C Transmit Data

Output These 8 pins constitute an 8-bit I/O This pin outputs serial data.

PC1/RxD Input/Output, port and input/output can be specified Receive Data

Input in bit units. This pin inputs serial data.

PC2/SCK Input/Output, Serial Clock

Input/Output This pin inputs/outputs serial clock. It be-

comes an output pin when an internal

clock is used or an input pin when an

external clock is used.

PC3/INT2/TI Input/Output, Interrupt Request/Timer Input

Input, Input This pin inputs edge triggering (falling

edge) maskable interrupt or external

clock for timer. This pin is also shared

with zero-cross detection pin for AC input.

PC4/TO Input/Output, Timer Output

Output This pin outputs square waves in which

one cycle of the internal clock forms a

half cycle, indicating the timer’s counting

time.

PC5/CI Input/Output, Counter Input

Input This pin inputs external pulse for timer/

event counter.

PC6/CO0 Input/Output, Counter Output 0,1

PC7/CO1 Output This pin outputs programmable square

wave by timer/event counter.

PD7-PD0/ Input/Output, Port D Address/Data Bus

AD7-AD0 Input/Output These 8 pins constitute an 8-bit I/O These pins function as multiplexed

port and input/output can be address/data bus when using an

specified in byte units. external memory.

PF7-PF0/ Input/Output, Port F Address Bus

AB15-AB8 Output These 8 pins constitute an 8-bit I/O These pins function as address bus when

port and input/output can be specified using an external memory.

in bit units.

WR Output This is a strobe signal output to write data in external memory. This signal

(Write

becomes high level except during the data write machine cycle for external memory.

Strobe) This signal becomes output high impedance when the RESET signal is low or in

the hardware STOP mode.

PD78C14(A)

(Continued)

Pin Input/Output Function

RD Output This is a strobe signal output to read data from external memory. This signal

(Read

becomes high level except during the data read machine cycle for external memory.

Strobe) This signal becomes output high impedance when the RESET signal is low or in

the hardware STOP mode.

ALE Output This is a strobe signal to externally latch the low-order address information

(Address output to pins PD7-PD0 to access the external memory. This signal becomes

Latch output high impedance when the RESET signal is low or in the hardware STOP

Enable) mode.

MODE0 Input/Output Set the MODE0 pin to 0 (low level) and MODE1 pin to 1 (high level)Note.

MODE1 When both pins MODE0 and MODE1 are set to 1Note, these pins synchronize to

(Mode) the ALE and a control signal is output.

NMI Input This pin inputs the edge triggering (falling edge) nonmaskable interrupt.

(Non-

Maskable

Interrupt)

INT1 Input This pin inputs edge triggering (rising edge) maskable interrupt. This pin is also

(Interrupt shared with zero-cross detection pin for AC input.

Request)

AN7-AN0 Input These eight pins input analog signals for the A/D converter. Pins AN7-AN4 can

(Analog be used as edge detection (falling edge) input.

Input)

VAREF Input This pin inputs the reference voltage for the A/D converter and controls the

(Reference operation for the A/D converter.

Voltage)

AVDD Power supply pin for the A/D converter

(Analog

VDD)

AVSS Ground pin for the A/D converter

(Analog

VSS)

X1, X2 These are crystal connecting pins for the system clock oscillation. When a clock

(Crystal) is externally supplied, input it through pin X1. Input the clock to X1 and its

reverse

phase to X2.

RESET Input This pin inputs the active-low reset input signal.

(Reset)

STOP Input This pin inputs control signal of the hardware STOP mode. When the low level

(Stop) of this signal is input, the oscillator stops to operate.

VDD Positive power supply pin

VSS Ground pin

Note Pull-up with the following external resistor:

4 (kΩ) ≤R ≤0.4 tCYC (kΩ)tCYC (unit: ns)

Example 4 (kΩ) ≤R ≤26 (kΩ): tCYC = 66 (ns) at 15 MHz

4 (kΩ) ≤R ≤33 (kΩ): tCYC = 83 (ns) at 12 MHz

PD78C14(A)

2.2 Pin Input/Output Circuits

Schematic input/output circuits of the pins are shown in Table 2-1 and figures from (1) to (11).

Table 2-1. Name of Type No.

Pin Type No. Pin Type No.

PA0-7 5 RESET 2

PB0-7 5 RD 4

PC0-1 5 WR 4

PC2/SCK 8 ALE 4

PC3/INT2 10 STOP 2

PC4-7 5 MODE0 11

PD0-7 5 MODE1 11

PF0-7 5 AN0-3 7

NMI 2 AN4-7 12

INT1 9 VAREF 13

PD78C14(A)

Type 4 IN/OUT

output data

output disable

Type 1

P-ch

VDD

OUT

N-ch

output data

output disable

N-ch

P-ch

VDD

(1) Type 1

(2) Type 2

(3) Type 4

(4) Type 5

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