MAC PARA Yukon User manual

Contents

GENERAL................................................................................................................... 3

OVERALL PLAN......................................................................................................... 4

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................... 5

MATERIALS................................................................................................................ 9

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................... 10

HARNESS................................................................................................................. 10

CHECKS ON THE NEW PARAGLIDER................................................................... 11

ADJUSTING BRAKE LINES ..................................................................................... 11

FLYING THE YUKON............................................................................................... 12

TOWING................................................................................................................... 15

MOTORISED FLIGHT............................................................................................... 16

EXTREME FLYING MANOEUVRES ........................................................................ 16

RAPID DESCENTS................................................................................................... 19

LOOKING AFTER YOUR PARAGLIDER.................................................................. 21

TREATING NATURE WITH RESPECT .................................................................... 22

LINE PLANS ............................................................................................................. 22

LINE PLAN YUKON.................................................................................................. 23

MANUAL FOR PARAGLIDER CHECK..................................................................... 24

CHECKS................................................................................................................... 26

TEST FLIGHT CERTIFICATE................................................................................... 27

TECHNICAL DATA................................................................................................... 27

GENERAL

Dear MAC PARA pilot

We congratulate you on your purchase of a MAC PARA paraglider. Extensive

development work and numerous tests make the Yukon a light weight performance -

intermediate paraglider with maximum possible safety. The Yukon is constructed for

thermal and cross-country flying, and will enable pilots to get maximum enjoyment. The

Yukon offers very easy inflation and simple ground-handling characteristics by take off,

excellent handling in flight and easy landing. Please read this manual carefully before

you start, this way you will get the most out of your glider, and enjoy many nice flights.

MAC PARA wish you many pleasant flights with your Yukon.

Please read this manual carefully and note following details:

Paragliding is a sport, which demands, besides the optimum equipment, a high degree

of attentiveness, good judgement, and theoretical knowledge. Paragliding can be a

dangerous sport, which may lead to injury and death. This paraglider meets at the time

of delivery requirements of the EN (European Norm) 926 or LTF (German Certificate of

Airworthiness). Any alternations to the paraglider will render its certification invalid! The

use of this paraglider is solely at the user's own risk! Manufacturer and distributor do not

accept any liability. Pilots are responsible for their own safety and their paraglider

airworthiness. The paraglider carries no warranty! The author assumes that the pilot is

in possession of a valid paragliding licence for glider's category, insurance etc.

Before delivery, as well as during production, each paraglider goes through a strict

visual inspection, and is test-flown by your dealer. Stamps on the placard, together with

a completed test-flight certificate, confirm this. Check that the paraglider has been test-

flown before your first take-off. If it has not, consult your dealer.

Any inadequate use or misuse increases the risks considerably. The Yukon must not be

used outside the certified weight range. The Yukon must not be used during rain or

snow-fall. The Yukon must not be used in high or gusty winds. The Yukon must not be

used in cloud and fog. The Yukon must not be used by pilots without sufficient

knowledge or experience.

If, after carefully reading this handbook, you still have questions, suggestions or

criticism regarding this product do not hesitate to contact your dealer or us. We will be

glad to help and advice.

MAC PARA wish you many pleasant flights with your

Yukon

(&(

Operating limits:

The Yukon is light sport aircraft with an empty weight of less than 120 kg in the category

paraglider. The Yukon has been tested by certification laboratory European Para

Academy to EN-B category. The Yukon is certified for solo flight. The Yukon has been

load and shock-tested and passed with a load corresponding to 8G of the maximum

weight in flight 110 kg. Its flying tests have shown that the glider remains stable and

controllable over a wide range of normal and abnormal flight conditions. Nevertheless,

turbulence and gusting winds can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the canopy.

Therefore never fly in such conditions.

Any changes made to this paraglider invalidate the certificate of airworthiness.

OVERALL PLAN

Trailing edge

Leading edge

Brake handle

Main karabineer

Rapid links

Main lines

Risers

Main brake line

Brake line

Stabilizer line

Top surface Bottom surface Glider’s label on the

central main rib

Stabilizer

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Construction of the canopy:

The canopy of the YUKON consists of 46 cells over the wingspan. The wingtips are

slightly pulled down and this produces a kind of stabilizer. The Yukon is a second rib

diagonal-construction paraglider. Every second main rib is attached to the 4 or 5

suspension lines. Between these main suspension ribs, intermediate ribs are

suspended by diagonal segments. These segments do not lead to top surface of canopy

but are attached at 80% of rib's height. This construction ensures a smooth top surface

and precise airfoil reproduction. The internal reinforcements maintain the precise form of

the canopy and provide stability. The cell openings on the under-surface of the profile's

nose provide airflow into the glider. Stretch resistant flares, integrated with diagonal ribs

at the suspension points, ensure an even distribution of load throughout the canopy. A

stretch resistant Mylar strip on the top and bottom panels alongside the openings and

running the length of the trailing edge defines the wingspan, together with an optimized

sail tension; this guarantees a high form stability. Large cross ports allow effective

airflow inside the canopy, providing good re-inflation without reducing the profile

accuracy..

The Yukon is mainly made of the proven Nylon fabrics Porcher Marine Skytex 36 E68A,

Skytex 27 E71A and Skytex 32 E29A. Like any synthetic material, this can deteriorate

through excessive exposure to UV.

Rigging system:

The lines of the Yukon are made of proven strong and stretch resistant Dynema and

Vectran lines. Brake lines are from Dynema material. The entire rigging system

comprises individual suspension lines looped and stitched at each end. The

Arami/Polyester main lines have strengths from 140 up to 230 kg. The Vectran cascade

lines have strengths from 53 kg up to 122 kg. The Dynema cascade lines and brake

lines have strengths from 60 kg up to 100 kg

(&(

The suspension lines are comprised of “cascaded top lines” (attached to the under-

surface) and “main lines”. Main lines lead loop of riser`s straps or to the “quick link”

(a Maillon which connects lines and risers). The “stabilizer lines” connect the upper

stabilizer lines on the outer suspension points with the quick link. The”brake lines” are

not load carrying suspension lines. They lead from the trailing edge of the canopy to the

main brake lines and run through the pulleys on the D-risers to the brake handles. A

mark on the main brake line indicates the position of the brake handle. This adjustment,

on the one hand, allows sufficient brake to be applied during extreme flying situations

and when landing, while on the other hand, this ensures that brakes are not

permanently applied to the canopy (especially when fully accelerated). This trimming

should not be altered. For differentiation purposes the A-lines are coloured red, the

brake lines are orange, all remaining lines are yellow. Also the main suspension loop,

on the bottom of the riser, is covered red. This is where the main karabiner should be

hooked in, which then in turn connects the risers to the harness.

The Yukon is equipped with 4 strap risers per side (A, B, C, D). The 3 A-main lines per

side are attached to the A-strap. The 3 B-main lines and the stabilizer lines are attached

to the B-strap. The 3 C-main lines to the C-strap. The 3 D-main lines to the D-strap. The

main brake lines leads through the pulleys on the D-strap.

The line connections are made to riser`s strap loops. Second option: The line

connections are made to triangular Maillons (quick links) fitted with a rubber ”o- ring” in

the form of a ”figure eight” which prevents any slipping of the lines on the quick link.

See line plan for details

Speed system:

The Yukon is equipped with a stirrup operated speed-system, which returns

automatically to normal position when the stirrup is released. The serial risers of the

Yukon do not have a lockable trimmer.

The speed system affects the A-, B- and C-risers and changes the angle of attack. In

normal flight all risers have an overall length of 50 cm without quick links. When the

stirrup is pushed out the A-risers are shortened by up to a maximum of 16 cm, the B-

risers by up to a max. of 14 cm, the C-risers by up to a max. of 7 cm, the D-risers retain

their original length. These measurements influence the certification! An incorrectly fitted

speed system causes loss of certification!

(&(

Fitting the speed-system:

Most modern harnesses have pulleys attached for speed system fitting. In case not, it is

important to attach pulleys (sewn on tabs) in such a way that they allows the pilot to

maximize the power vector of his / her legs without ”pushing back” in the harness.

The Yukon speed system, including Brummel-hooks supplied, must be assembled as

per instructions.

The speed system cord is firmly attached (use bowline or other nonslip knot) to the foot

stirrup (webbing or alloy bar). The other end of the cord is run through a pulley on the

harness and then in an upward direction to be then firmly attached to the Brummel-

hooks!

The length of the cord leading to the stirrup should be adjusted so that it is easy to put

your feet into the stirrup in flight but still short enough to allow full speed system travel.

(Use of 2 stirrups in a ladder fashion can enable you to reach the full range if your legs

are not long enough.) Ensure both cords on the stirrup are of equal length, to avoid

putting a turn in the glider.

Test your speed system for the correct length of cord on the ground first (simulating

flying position), with your harness and risers, before flying with it! The full range is

reached when the 2 pulleys join together.

Before launch, attach the paraglider's risers to the harness with the main karabiners.

Then attach the ”Brummel-hook” on the end of each speed system cord to the Brummel

hook on the end of the cord which runs through the 2 pulleys on the A risers. Ensure

that the speed system is untangled and operates freely before flying!

RISER

Risers's lenghts Yukon

A B C D

Trim-position 480 480 480 480

Accelerated 320 340 410 480

The lengths are measured from main attachment point to the lower edge of rapid links.

Color

marking

Loop for main

karabineer

Trimm postion Accelerated position

Brake handle

Change of the

le of attack

A B CDA B C D

Brakeline

ulle

Magnet

button

Pulley

ccelerato

Faster

Slower

MATERIALS

Tissue

(PORCHER SPORT, FRANCE)

Top Sail - Leading Edge - SKYTEX 36 E68A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 33 Dtex, 36 g/m2

Top Sail - Trailing Edge - SKYTEX 27 E71A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 22 Dtex, 27 g/m2

Bottom SaiL- SKYTEX 27 E71A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 22 Dtex, 27 g/m2

Main ribs, Diagonals - SKYTEX 32 HF E29A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 33/22 Dtex, 32 g/m2

Ribs - SKYTEX SKYTEX 27 E71A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 22 Dtex, 27 g/m2

Reinforcement Ribs – Plastic rods 1,6 mm

Lines

(EDELMAN+RIDDER, GERMANY)

Main lines C1, D1,D2,D3 - Aramid/ Polyester A-7343-140, Breaking Load 140 kg

Main lines A1, B1, C2,C3 - Aramid/ Polyester A-7343-190, Breaking Load 190 kg

Main lines A2,B2,A3,B3 - Aramid/ Polyester A-7343-230, Breaking Load 230 kg

Wing tip lines - Aramid/ Polyester A-6843-080, Breaking Load 80 kg

Brake lines - Dynema/Polyester A-7850-100, Breaking Load 100 kg

(ROSENBERGER TAUWERK, GERMANY)

Upper lines A,B - Liros, Dynema DC 100, Breaking Load 100 kg

Brake lines - Liros, Dynema DC 60, Breaking Load 60 kg

Brake lines - Liros, Dynema DC 100, Breaking Load 100 kg

(COUSIN TRESTEC, FRANCE)

Upper lines A,B,C - Vectran 0,9 mm, Breaking Load 122 kg

Upper lines C,D - Vectran 0,6 mm, Breaking Load 53 kg

Attachment straps

(STUHA, CZECH REPUBLIC)

STAP-POLYESTERBRIDLE 13 mm, Breaking Load 70 kg

Risers

(ROSENBERGER TAUWERK, GERMANY)

Dynema CR 1800, Breaking Load 1800 kg, Dynema CR 1000, Breaking Load 1000 kg

Thread

(AMANN SPONIT, CZECH REPUBLIC)

Lines-SYNTON 60, Main lines-SERABOND 60, Canopy-SYNTON 40, Riser-SYNTON 20

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Mountaineering Intermediate Yukon Yukon Yukon

size 22 (S) 25 (M) 27 (L)

Zoom flat [%] 92 95,7 100

Area flat [m

]22,39 24,49 26,74

Area projected [m

]20,59 22,52 24,59

Span flat [m] 10,71 11,2 11,70

Aspect ratio flat - 5,12 5,12 5,12

Root cord [m] 2,56 2,68 2,8

Cells - 46 46 46

Weight [kg] 3,5 3,65 3,8

Weight range* [kg] 67-85 75-95 85-110

Min.speed [km/h] 23-25 23-25 23-25

Trim.speed [km/h] 36-38 36-38 36-38

Max. speed (accelerator) [km/h] 48-50 48-50 48-50

Glide ratio - 8,6 8,6 8,6

Min. Sink rate [m/s] 1,05 1,05 1,05

* Pilot + approx. 17 to 20kg of equipment (including wing)

HARNESS

The Yukon is certified with LTF GH type certified harnesses. Nearly all harnesses

available on the market are „GH“.

These “GH“harnesses are different to “GX“ harnesses, which have a lower attachment

point for the main karabiners and effective cross bracing. The Yukon was not tested with

harnesses with an effective cross bracing system.

Any certified harness with a hang point at about chest height may be used with the

Yukon (37-50cm over seat plate). The distance between left and right main karabiners

should be between 45 and 60cm, depending on the size of the pilot and the type of the

harness. Please note: the hang point position changes the position of the brakes relative

to the pilot's body.

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