Lenovo THINKPAD T41 User manual

IBM

Active

Protection

System

Whitepaper

򔻐򗗠򙳰

First

Edition

(October

2003)

International

Business

Machines

Corporation

2003.

All

rights

reserved.

Government

Users

Restricted

Rights

–

Use,

duplication

disclosure

restricted

GSA

ADP

Schedule

Contract

with

IBM

Corp.

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

The

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

helps

protect

your

hard

disk

drive

when

the

shock

sensor

inside

your

ThinkPad

computer

enabled

and

detects

some

situations

that

could

potentially

cause

damage

your

hard

disk

drive.

Difficulty

with

the

hard

disk

drive

often

results

from

physical

shock

the

hard

disk

drive.

One

type

physical

shock,

called

operating

shock,

occurs

when

the

disk

operation.

During

operation,

the

drive

head

typically

over

the

drive

platters

reading

and

writing

data.

When

physical

shock

the

drive

occurs

during

operation,

the

head

and

the

platters

can

come

into

contact

causing

both

components

damaged.

The

second

type

shock,

called

non-operating

shock,

occurs

when

the

head

the

unloaded

position,

not

positioned

over

the

platters.

When

physical

shock

occurs

the

non-operating

state,

the

head

can

contact

the

ramp

positioned

over

and

damage

the

ability

the

head

read

and

write

data

the

hard

disk

drive.

IBM

has

focused

two

rating

values

for

the

amount

shock

and

vibration

generally

required

cause

damage

each

these

situations.

The

value

for

operating

shock

200G/2ms

and

the

value

for

non-operating

shock

800G/1ms

for

typical

2.5″

hard

disk

drive.

These

values

suggest

that

using

this

technology

the

hard

disk

drive

four

times

better

able

withstand

shock,

and

hence

durable

the

head

unloaded

prior

receiving

excessive

shock.

The

following

information

describes

the

design

and

implementation

this

technology.

Note:

The

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

protects

only

the

primary

hard

disk

drive

select

ThinkPad

computers

using

Microsoft

Windows

2000.

The

protection

system

does

not

support

protection

any

secondary

hard

disk

drives,

including

those

installed

UltraBay

drive

bay.

The

active

protection

system

functions

only

with

the

2.5″

hard

disk

drive

provided

IBM

due

special

customization.

IBM

Active

Protection

System

Design

The

active

protection

system

works

minimize

the

risk

that

your

hard

drive

could

damaged

moving

the

read/write

heads

the

hard

disk

drive

areas

that

not

contain

data

when

the

shock

sensor

detects

computer

tilt,

vibration,

shock.

There

are

two

types

hard

disk

drives.

The

first

spins

down

the

motor

after

unloading

the

head.

The

second

does

not

spin

down

the

motor,

but

does

unload

the

head.

The

hard

disk

drive

less

vulnerable

damage

when

not

operation.

Since

the

hard

disk

drive

cannot

accessed

while

the

head

unloaded,

may

seem

the

user

that

the

drive

has

stopped.

reality,

the

disk

access

request

has

been

temporarily

suspended

the

disk

driver

position

that

the

disk

head

can

remain

unloaded

until

stable

situation

detected.

The

suspended

disk

access

request

then

released

and

passed

the

disk

and

the

hard

disk

drive

resumes

normal

operation.

The

active

protection

system

uses

combination

hardware

and

software

components.

The

hardware

component

motion

detector,

accelerometer,

embedded

the

motherboard

which

continually

senses

system

orientation

and

movement.

The

software

component

receives

and

interprets

signals

from

the

accelerometer,

differentiates

between

potentially

harmful

movements

and

repetitive

motion,

and

signals

the

hard

drive

stop

when

potentially

damaging

event

predicted.

The

software

component

also

includes

system

tray

icon

and

properties

window.

IBM

Corp.

2003

Head

unloading

for

increased

hard

disk

drive

shock

tolerance

result

extensive

testing

with

the

computer

lid

both

open

and

closed,

IBM

has

found

that

typical

drop

accidents

either

from

the

knee

desk

concrete

floor,

the

internal

hard

disk

drive

protected

the

durable

ThinkPad

shell

that

the

received

shock

level

the

hard

disk

drive

generally

does

not

exceed

800G

800

times

the

force

gravity.

Since

800G

the

maximum

rating

shock

tolerance

the

hard

disk

drive

with

the

head

unloaded,

the

hard

disk

drive

can

better

protected

during

most

these

common

accidents

typical

usage

the

disk

head

unloaded

prior

receiving

the

shock

impact.

Head

unloading

can

take

300

500ms,

and

the

average

duration

after

detecting

free-fall

situation

300ms.

Therefore,

too

late

start

head

unloading

after

detecting

the

free-fall

situation.

This

makes

necessary

concentrate

the

behavior

the

machine

prior

drop.

The

initial

behavior

acts

prediction

the

impending

accident.

general,

the

duration

the

predicting

event

much

longer

than

the

actual

free-fall.

This

enables

the

active

protection

system

respond

the

impending

accident

prior

receiving

the

shock.

The

machine

posture

system

orientation

constantly

checked

monitoring

acceleration

and

using

prediction

algorithm

statistically

analyze

recent

behavior

typical

usage.

Head

unloading

initiated

degrees

tilt,

acceleration,

shock.

The

degrees

which

head

unloading

occurs

are

adjusted

and

fine-tuned

every

time

proper

prediction

applied

for

the

current

motion.

The

disk

drive

head

remains

unloaded

until

detecting

stable

environment

for

approximately

one

four

seconds

depending

upon

the

amount

excessive

acceleration

the

beginning

the

current

shock

posture

change.

Use

Prediction

Algorithm

The

active

protection

system

employs

heuristic

learning

algorithm

track

system

orientation.

The

Shock

Manager,

system

thread

created

the

Shockprf.sys

kernel

mode

device

driver,

analyzes

the

variations

acceleration

and

collects

system

orientation

data

into

the

Shock

History

Database.

The

collected

data

then

used

tune

sensitivity

and

predict

excessive

shocks.

This

tuning

important

minimizing

the

disk

performance

penalty

caused

prediction

failures.

Once

the

Shock

Manager

detects

certain

variation

which

may

equivalent

one

usually

seen

just

before

receiving

excessive

shock,

the

Shock

Manager

acts

immediately

stop

the

hard

disk

drive.

The

sensitivity

predict

shock

varies

depending

usage

conditions.

general,

the

stable

the

ThinkPad

computer

stays,

the

sensitively

the

Shock

Manager

behaves.

The

Shock

Manager

focuses

its

attention

the

current

acceleration

variation

and

the

weighted

average

the

recent

past.

The

log

used

minimize

intrusive

operation

during

normal

usage

the

computer.

the

hard

disk

drive

head

unloaded

after

detecting

potentially

harmful

situation,

the

user

can

shorten

the

current

head-unloading

period

second

the

condition

that

calm

state,

stable

enough

remove

the

risk

drop,

continues

for

least

one

second

and

the

same

time

mouse

movement

activity

for

than

200ms

detected

thereby

informing

the

active

protection

system

that

this

not

drop

situation.

The

design

the

active

protection

system

allows

for

certain

shocks

vibrations

that

fall

within

span

accepted

normal

motion

and

does

not

repeatedly

stop

the

hard

drive

when

this

level

motion

detected.

You

can

select

checkbox

the

properties

window

temporarily

disable

hard

drive

protection

while

repetitive

motion

vibration

detected.

This

feature

particularly

useful

when

IBM

Active

Protection

System

Whitepaper

the

ThinkPad

computer

used

plane

train

and

repetitive

vibration

expected.

Application

function

overview

The

APS

software

monitors

the

accelerometer

sensor

information

and

displays

the

sensor

status

the

system

task

tray.

The

following

four

states

system

status

are

illustrated

using

the

system

tray

icon:

Shock

sensor

disabled.

this

state,

shock

sensor

monitoring

not

enabled

and

hard

drive

active

protection

not

activated.

Shock

sensor

enabled,

but

shock

detected.

this

state,

shock

sensing

enabled

and

monitoring

the

shock

condition.

The

active

protection

system

does

not

detect

any

shock

condition

and

the

internal

primary

hard

disk

drive

operating

normally.

Figure

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

Properties

Figure

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

Shock

sensor

enabled

and

the

head

the

primary

hard

disk

drive

unloaded

due

shock

condition.

this

state,

the

computer

has

detected

the

shock

condition

and

the

head

the

primary

hard

disk

drive

unloaded

protect

the

hard

disk

drive

from

physical

damage.

Shock

sensor

set

temporarily

ignore

frequent

repetitive

shocks

such

those

experienced

when

train

automobile.

User

interface

and

task

tray

applet

The

active

protection

system

application

program

installed

part

the

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

driver

package

Windows

2000

and

Windows

platforms

using

InstallShield

version

6.3.

Once

this

package

installed,

icon

added

the

system

tray

response

detecting

excessive

shock.

The

user

can

remove

the

system

tray

icon

right-clicking

the

system

tray

and

selecting

Remove

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

icon

from

the

System

Tray

clearing

the

Show

hard

drive

active

protection

icon

the

system

tray

checkbox.

InstallShield

installs

the

following

components:

ShockPrf.sys:

kernel

mode

device

driver

for

prediction

algorithm

and

hard

disk

drive

control

Shockmgr.sys:

kernel

mode

driver

for

miscellaneous

operation

Sensor.dll:

application

interface

dll

TpShCPL.cpl:

control

applet

TpShocks.exe:

task

tray

application

TpShCPL.dll:

bitmap

resource

file

for

this

application

program

TpShPrm.hta:

promotion

pop-up

window

TpShPrm.gif:

animation

for

promotion

pop-up

window

TpShPrm.jpg:

banner

picture

for

promotion

pop-up

window

Use

the

task

tray

enable

and

disable

the

active

protection

system.

Select

Enable

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

the

system

task

tray

enable

the

shock

detection

and

protect

the

primary

hard

disk

drive

from

damage.

see

the

list

options

for

the

protection

system,

double-click

the

icon

the

system

tray,

click

Start

-->

All

Programs

-->

Access

IBM

-->

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection,

open

the

Control

Panel

and

double-click

IBM

Hard

Drive

Protection.

The

properties

window

displayed:

Figure

IBM

Active

Protection

System

Whitepaper

Description

active

protection

system

options

You

can

use

the

following

list

options

customize

the

active

protection

system.

Each

these

options

available

the

properties

dialog

box.

Enable

hard

drive

active

protection

system

checkbox:

this

checkbox

selected,

the

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

enabled.

shock

detected,

the

computer

stops

the

hard

disk

drive

operation

protect

the

drive

from

physical

damage.

The

default

setting

enabled.

Temporarily

ignore

frequent

repetitive

shocks

checkbox:

Select

this

option

avoid

frequent

stops

the

hard

drive

when

you

use

the

computer

environment

where

the

shock

sensor

likely

detect

repetitive,

low-level

shocks,

such

those

experienced

when

riding

train

airplane.

enabled,

this

option

functions

when

the

ratio

the

duration

stopping

the

hard

disk

drive

caused

the

protection

system

responding

low-level

shocks

exceeds

specific

percentage

within

certain

amount

time.

Once

the

shock

sensor

detects

stable

environment

for

extended

amount

time,

this

option

resets

that

the

sensitivity

for

received

shocks

returns

normal.

all

cases,

the

protection

system

stops

the

hard

disk

when

heavy

shocks

are

detected.

Allow

only

users

with

Administrator

privileges

enable

disable

the

hard

disk

active

protection

system

checkbox:

this

checkbox

selected,

you

must

have

Administrator

privileges

enable

disable

the

active

protection

system.

Figure

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

Properties

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

Show

hard

drive

active

protection

icon

the

system

tray

checkbox:

the

checkbox

selected,

the

icon

showing

the

status

the

shock

sensor

displayed

the

system

tray.

The

active

protection

system

enabled

default

whenever

the

computer

operating.

automatically

disabled

while

the

computer

is:

–

the

operating

system

–

Enter

Standby

hibernation

mode

–

Resuming

normal

operation

after

being

Standby

hibernation

mode

–

Being

shut

down

–

Turned

off

Important

features

the

IBM

Active

Protection

System

Enable/Disable

feature

(user

option

via

utility):

User

can

manually

enable

and

disable

the

active

protection

system

using

the

software

user

interface.

Automatic

ignore

feature:

Sometimes

the

user

environment

that

has

associated

vibration

(such

car

airplane

where

the

entire

vehicle

vibrates).

these

environments,

the

vibration

may

transmitted

the

ThinkPad

computer.

The

Automatic

Ignore

feature

helpful

this

situation.

This

feature

enabled

default,

but

the

user

can

manually

change

choice

any

time

via

the

software

utility.

Cancel

feature

for

impulse-type

vibration:

This

feature

cannot

manually

controlled

the

user.

The

Shock

Manager

ignores

impulse-type

acceleration

change

minimize

prediction

failures.

adaptive

low-pass

filter

function

inside

the

Shock

Manager

performs

this

function.

Heuristic

sensitivity

tuning

feature:

This

feature

cannot

manually

controlled

the

user.

The

sensitivity

for

shock

prediction

dynamically

changed

depending

body

posture

change

with

received

shocks,

vibrations

and

user

input

activities.

Administrative

lock:

This

feature

restricts

users

without

Administrative

system

rights

from

changing

the

Active

Protection

System

properties.

Summary

The

IBM

Hard

Drive

Active

Protection

System

can

greatly

improve

overall

system

reliability

providing

enhanced

hard

drive

protection

from

shock.

Using

the

latest

technology

constantly

monitor

the

movement

your

ThinkPad

computer,

users

can

feel

confident

that

their

data

will

better

protected

the

event

drop

similar

potentially

damaging

event.

IBM

Active

Protection

System

Whitepaper

Appendix.

Notices

IBM

may

not

offer

the

products,

services,

features

discussed

this

document

all

countries.

Consult

your

local

IBM

representative

for

information

the

products

and

services

currently

available

your

area.

Any

reference

IBM

product,

program,

service

not

intended

state

imply

that

only

that

IBM

product,

program,

service

may

used.

Any

functionally

equivalent

product,

program,

service

that

does

not

infringe

any

IBM

intellectual

property

right

may

used

instead.

However,

the

user’s

responsibility

evaluate

and

verify

the

operation

any

non-IBM

product,

program,

service.

IBM

may

have

patents

pending

patent

applications

covering

subject

matter

described

this

document.

The

furnishing

this

document

does

not

give

you

any

license

these

patents.

You

can

send

license

inquiries,

writing,

to:

IBM

Director

Licensing

IBM

Corporation

North

Castle

Drive

Armonk,

10504-1785

U.S.A.

INTERNATIONAL

BUSINESS

MACHINES

CORPORATION

PROVIDES

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PUBLICATION

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IS”

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KIND,

EITHER

EXPRESS

IMPLIED,

INCLUDING,

BUT

NOT

LIMITED

TO,

THE

IMPLIED

WARRANTIES

NON-INFRINGEMENT,

MERCHANTABILITY

FITNESS

FOR

PARTICULAR

PURPOSE.

Some

jurisdictions

not

allow

disclaimer

express

implied

warranties

certain

transactions,

therefore,

this

statement

may

not

apply

you.

This

information

could

include

technical

inaccuracies

typographical

errors.

Changes

are

periodically

made

the

information

herein;

these

changes

will

incorporated

new

editions

the

publication.

IBM

may

make

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and/or

changes

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product(s)

and/or

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described

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without

notice.

The

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described

this

document

are

not

intended

for

use

implantation

other

life

support

applications

where

malfunction

may

result

injury

death

persons.

The

information

contained

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affect

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specifications

warranties.

Nothing

this

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shall

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express

implied

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under

the

intellectual

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rights

IBM

third

parties.

All

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environments

and

presented

illustration.

The

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obtained

other

operating

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vary.

IBM

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distribute

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supply

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believes

appropriate

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obligation

you.

Non-IBM

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Any

references

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publication

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any

manner

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sites.

The

materials

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Web

sites

are

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part

the

materials

for

this

IBM

product,

and

use

those

Web

sites

your

own

risk.

IBM

Corp.

2003

Trademarks

The

following

terms

are

trademarks

International

Business

Machines

Corporation

the

United

States,

other

countries,

both:

IBM

ThinkPad

Microsoft,

Windows,

and

Windows

are

trademarks

Microsoft

Corporation

the

United

States,

other

countries,

both.

Other

company,

product,

service

names

may

trademarks

service

marks

others.

IBM

Active

Protection

System

Whitepaper

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