Forza FIO-P11K12 User manual
1KW
User Manual
2-year
warranty*
Off-grid hybrid solar inverter and charger
FIO-P11K12
Table of content
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
1. Introduction
2. Product overview
3. Preliminary steps
4. HARDWARE CONNECTIONS
4.1. AC connections
4.2. PV
4.3. Other communications
5. Operation
5.1. Power on/off
5.2. Display panel
6. Advanced operation
6.1. Main LCD configuration screen
6.2. Display information
6.3. Battery charging
6.3.1. Battery equalization
7. Fault codes and warning indicators
8. Troubleshooting
9. Approximate runtime chart
10. Technical specifications
1
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
This manual contains important information regarding the operation and warranty of the Forza Inverter Series. As with
any electrical equipment, certain precautions must be observed when installing the unit. To reduce the risk of personal
injury and to ensure safe installation and operation, carefully read and follow all instructions, cautions and warnings
included in this manual. Keep it in a safe place for future reference.
1. Before using the product, read all instructions and cautionary markings on the unit, the batteries and all appropriate
sections of this manual.
2. CAUTION --Charge only deep-cycle lead acid rechargeable batteries. Other types of batteries may burst, causing
personal injury and damage.
3. Do not disassemble this product. If service or repair are required, consult a qualified service center.
4. Incorrect re-assembly may cause electric shock or fire.
5. To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect all wiring before attempting any maintenance or cleaning. Turning off
the unit will not reduce this risk.
6. CAUTION – Installation of the batteries should be performed only by qualified personnel.
7. NEVER charge a frozen battery.
8. For optimum performance of this inverter/charger, follow all wire and cable sizing specifications included in the
manual.
9. Avoid dropping tools onto batteries or other electrical parts.
10. Always use insulated tools.
11. This product must be connected to a permanent grounded wiring system.
12. All wiring and installation methods must comply with local codes and regulations.
13. Do not reverse the polarity of the battery cables. This will destroy the product.
14. Ensure that neither the AC nor the DC circuit is allowed to be short-circuited. Do not connect the system to any AC
source if a short circuit occurs.
1. Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the PULSAR Off-grid solar inverter from Forza.
Our PULSAR line is made up of inverters designed for off-grid, single-phase photovoltaic applications. Equipped with
an MPPT charger, the PULSAR optimizes energy harvesting while reducing maintenance and operational costs. As
the inverter has been conceived to easily integrate with the Forza battery and the embedded application, it provides
seamless status monitoring along with remote management, all in real-time.
Available in the 120 volt version, and with a capacity of 1000W, the PULSAR is characterized for its sturdy construction,
outstanding performance and industry-grade design life.
Features
• Highly-efficient MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) charge controller
• Features restart functionality, including the “cold start” option from battery
• Wide DC input range
• USB On-the Go functionality for easy data transfer to and from the unit
• Selectable input voltage range for home appliances and personal computers
• Configurable AC/Solar input priority via LCD
• Marine/offshore and generator applications
• Rugged design with overload, overtemperature, and short-circuit protection
• Smart battery charger design for optimized battery performance
2
Basic system architecture
The following diagram illustrates a basic application for this inverter/charger. A complete running system should include
the following power sources:
- Generator or utility
- PV modules
Consult with your system integrator for other possible system architectures depending on your requirements.
This inverter can power a wide assortment of appliances in home or office environments, including motor-type appliances
such as fans, refrigerators, air conditioners and even tube lights.
Off-Grid Hybrid Power System
Solar power
(optional)
External
batter
y
p
acks Home appliances
Generator
OR
Utility
BATTERY
3
1. LCD display panel
2. Status LED indicator
3. Charging LED indicator
4. Fault LED indicator
5. Configuration buttons
6. Power on/off switch
7. Grid connection (input)
8. AC output (load connection)
9. PV connector
10. Battery input
11. Circuit breaker
12. Dry contact terminals/Auxiliary dry contacts
13. USB communication port
3. Preliminary steps
Unpacking and inspection
Upon opening the box, make sure the following items are included:
• Inverter unit (1)
• USB communication cable (1)
• Software CD (1)
• Mounting screw kit (1)
• User manual (1)
Carefully inspect the unit before installation. Make sure that nothing inside the package is damaged or loose. Keep the
original package in a safe place for future use.
2. Product overview
4
Preparation
1. On the underside of the unit, unfasten the screws holding the cover in place.
2. Remove the bottom cover to expose the wired connections and ports.
Leave the screws in a safe place for replacing the cover once the hardware connections are completed.
Mounting the unit
Important
• Mount the unit on concrete or another non-combustible surface only.
• Install the unit at eye level for easy reading of the display panel.
• This product will function most effectively if installed upright.
• For optimal operation, ambient temperature should be between -10°C and 55°C.
• Observe all marked clearance requirements when a single or multiple units are installed.
Mounting and clearances
5
For proper ventilation and heat dissipation, allow clearances of approximately 20cm (8in) to either side
and 50 cm (20in) above and below the unit.
WARNING: Shock hazard
All wiring must be performed by qualified personnel. High voltages can be harmful to human life.
4. HARDWARE CONNECTIONS
Battery:
1. First assemble the batteries in series or parallel as needed for the system nominal voltage.
2. Install all cables and interconnections.
NOTES:
• Cables and ring terminals should be sized according to the table below.
• For safety and compliance purposes, install a DC overcurrent protection between this unit and the battery. This is
required for both safety reasons and regulatory compliance. A manual disconnect device may also be required.
These devices should be sized according to the cable size (see table).
• The minimum recommended battery capacity for this model is 100Ah.
• To secure the unit(s) in place, insert the supplied M5x12mm hex screws at points A, Band C. M4 screws can be used
as well.
A
B
C
6
3. Insert the positive (+) and negative (–) ring terminals on the studs of the inverter observing the correct polarity at both
ends.
4. Tighten all connections according to the torque values listed in the table. It also contains the amperage values, plus
the recommended size of cables and terminals.
Battery conductors
CAUTION: Hazard to equipment
- Do not reverse the polarity of the positive (+) and negative (–) battery cables. Otherwise, the product will be damaged.
Check the polarity of all connections before applying battery power.
- Do not place any other object or hardware between the inverter terminal surface and the ring terminal. Overheating
may result.
- Apply antioxidant compound to protect the terminals.
Ring terminal:
Model Maximum
current
Recommended
battery capacity Cable size
Ring terminal Terminal
torque
Cable
mm²
Dimension
Diameter Length
1KW 109A 100Ah 1x4AWG 22 6.4 29.2 2~ 3 Nm
7
4.1 AC connections
Before any connections are made, open all disconnect devices on both AC and DC sources.
To install AC input and output connections for the inverter:
1. Remove 10mm (0.4in) of the insulation sleeve from each of the six conductor wires. Trim an additional 3mm (0.11in)
of conductor wire from phase L (line) and N (neutral).
2. Insert AC input wires observing the polarity marked on the terminal block, then proceed to tighten the screws. The
protective earth (PE) conductor ( ) must be connected first.
Ground (yellow-green)
L LINE (brown or black)
N Neutral (blue)
CAUTION!! Before connecting to AC input power, install a separate circuit breaker between the inverter
and AC source. It is needed for AC input overcurrent protection and also as a manual disconnect
device during maintenance. The recommended specification for the AC breaker is 10A for 1KVA.
CAUTION!! Two terminal blocks with IN and OUT markings are provided. Be careful not to reverse the
connections to the input and output terminals. Check all connections before applying power.
WARNING: Shock hazard
All wiring must be performed only by a qualified electrician. High voltages can be harmful to human life.
WARNING! For system safety and efficient operation, use the appropriate cable to make AC input
connections. To reduce the risk of injury, the recommended wire size shown in the table below should
be followed.
WARNING:
Be sure that AC power source is disconnected before attempting to hardwire it to the unit.
8
3. After inserting the AC output wires observing the polarity marked on the terminal block, proceed to tighten the
screws. The protective earth (PE) conductor ( ) must be connected first.
Ground (yellow-green)
L LINE (brown or black)
N Neutral (blue)
4. Verify that that all wire connections are properly secured.
Recommended AC conductor size
When selecting PV modules, observe the following parameters:
• Never exceed the maximum permitted open-circuit voltage (VOC), specified for the PV array.
•The open-circuit voltage (VOC) of PV modules should be higher than minimum specified for the battery.
CAUTION:
Follow the correct polarity when connecting AC wires. If Land Nwires are reversed, it may cause a utility short-circuit
when the inverters are in parallel operation.
NOTE: Appliances such as air conditioners often require at least 3 minutes to restart after a short-term power outage
(time is required to balance the refrigerant gas in inside circuits). In order to protect your air conditioner, consult the
manufacturer whether they have already provided a time delay function before the installation. Otherwise, the inverter
will trigger an overload fault and shut off its output to protect your appliance. Even so there is some risk of damage to
the air conditioner.
Model Gauge Terminal torque
1KW 16 AWG 1.2~ 1.6 Nm
4.2 PV
Selection of the modules
CAUTION: Hazard to equipment
Never exceed the maximum V
oc under any circumstances. This can cause permanent
damage to the unit.
Table of contents
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