Dudek Orca XX User manual
Trailing edge
Cell
Leading edge
Riser
Main lines
Stabiliser
NOTE!
Please read this manual before your first flight
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction .......................................................................................3
2. The wing................................................................................................4
Who should fly Orca XX
DESIGN
CLOTH
RIGGING
THE RISERS
3. Trimmers................................................................................................8
TRIMMER OPERATION
4. Harnesses and spreader bars.............................................................9
5. Flight.....................................................................................................9
PRE-FLIGHT CHECK
LAUNCH
TURNS
THERMALLING AND SOARING
LANDING
WINCHING AND MOTOPARAGLIDING
AEROBATICS
6. Rapid descents ..................................................................................13
BIG EARS
SPIRAL
B-STALL
7. Extreme flying manoeuvres...............................................................14
SIDE COLLAPSE
SPIN AND FULL STALL
WING OVER
FRONTAL COLLAPSE
LINE OVER (CRAVATTE)
DEEP STALL
EMERGENCY STEERING
8. Canopy care........................................................................................17
FOLDING AND STORAGE
CLEANING
REPAIRS
DETERIORATION: A FEW TIPS!
9. Technical data......................................................................................19
10. Warranty, AeroCasco........................................................................20
11. What have you bought......................................................................22
12. Rigging scheme.................................................................................23
13. Risers: design and accessories .......................................................25
Page
1. Introduction
<The purpose of this Manual is to offer guidelines to the pilot using the
Dudek Orca XX wing and it is by no means intended to be used as a
training manual for this or any other paraglider ingeneral.
<You may only fly a paraglider when qualified to do so or when
undergoing training at an accredited School or with an Instructor.
<Pilots are personally responsible for their own safety and their
paraglider's airworthiness.
<The use of this paraglider is solely at the user's own risk! The
manufacturer and distributor do not accept any liability connected with
this activity.
< This paraglider on delivery meets all the requirements of the EN 926-1
and 926-2 regulations. Any alterations to the paraglider will render its
certification invalid.
CONGRATULATIONS!
We are pleased to welcome you among the constantly growing number of
Dudek Paragliders pilots. You’ve become a proud owner of state-of-the-art
paraglider, designed according to recent world trends.
Extensive development, application of the most modern methods and
thorough testing resulted in a user-friendly paraglider, offering the pilot a lot
of fun combined with great performance.
We wish you many enjoyable and safe flight hours!
DISCLAIMER
Please read this Manual carefully and note the following details:
NOTICE
Dudek Paragliders warns that due to constant development process, real
paraglider may differ slightly from the one described in the manual. Please
contact us in case of any doubts.
4
2. On the wing
Who should fly Orca XX?
If you are an experienced pilot and want to share your joy of flight with the
poor beggars who haven’t tasted it so far, then Orca XX is for you. It will
easily take both of you in the air, safely guide through the thermals and
finally will smoothly put you back on to Earth. On the other hand, if you
prefer to impress your passenger with some swift manoeuvres, Orca XX
won’t let you down with its agility either.
The paraglider is dedicated both for free-flying with passenger and for light
paramotor trikes.
Four-row canopy with rigid cores (Dudek FlexiEdge technology) blends
recent experiences of testing other prototypes employing this technology
with long-standing info gathered over years from happy users of the original
Orca. The aspect ratio and other factors were carefully calculated in order to
make full advantage of new technologies, while retaining optimal proportion
of passive safety, performance and steering for this class.
The aerofoil used in Orca XX has Shark-nose intakes - they help to internal
pressure of the canopy stays stable within wide speed range.
Inner reinforcements, structural cores and mini-ribs perfectly shape and
stabilize the aerofoil. Mini-ribs on the trailing edge keep it slim and decrease
ballooning, radically improving the airflow. Rigging has been redesigned too
- total lines length decreased by 15% as compared to Orca, bringing further
improvements. All in all, we succeeded in creating a perfectly balanced
design, mixing great performance with safety and stability. In turbulence the
paraglider behaves very reassuring and predictable, with efficient damping
of both longitudinal and lateral oscillations.
OrcaXX easily inflates and rises, without lagging behind. Then it stabilizes
and with slight brake action just flies away. On the landing approach it is
enough to brake down a little in order to markedly decrease speed with
ensuing soft touchdown. All tandem pilots appreciate those features, so
we’ve put quite an effort into polishing them to perfection.
5
DESIGN
Canopy of the Orca XX body was designed in our CSG (Canopy Shape
Guard) system, comprising a number of elements resulting in exceptional
coherence and stability of the shape.
Below you will find a short description of CSG
subsystems.
Orca XX has an elliptic shape with slightly back-swept
wingtips. The canopy is made of doubled cells, with
ribs supported with VSS (V-Shaped Supports) system. Such design
guarantees that the canopy stays rigid, the upper surface is smooth with
correctly reproduced aerofoil, and what is most important we have fewer
suspension points (thus reducing overall lines' length and drag).
Inside the canopy there is RSS (Reinforcing Strap System) applied on the
lower surface. RSS is a ballooning-independent reinforcements system
made entirely of paragliding fabric, effectively stiffening and stabilizing the
canopy.
The aerofoil was perfected with DOA technology
(Dudek Optimized Airfoil). It merges all our
experiences stemming from previous designs and as a
special feature is optimized with dedicated CFD
engineering software.
The air intakes are placed on the lower surface close to
the leading edge, placed so that max pressure point
remains in the area at possibly many states of flight.
They are designed and executed in Shark-nose
technology, meaning specific, concave shape of the
reinforced profile area at its leading edge (the name comes form the very
shape, reminding shark's nose). Due to such shape the intakes can be
smaller and moved a bit back, so that leading edge remains undisturbed and
offers smooth airflow. The internal pressure of the canopy stays stable within
wide speed range. In everyday flying this results in greater resistance to
stalls (e.g. when thermalling) and front collapses at high speeds.
The suspension points areas are additionally reinforced with laminated fabric
so that loads are equally distributed on three planes: vertically (with the ribs),
diagonally (with VSS system) and level through RSS.
All crossports have been prepared with application of OCD (Optimised
Crossports Design). Carefully designed shapes of the openings and their
optimal placement between stress lines guarantee efficient pressure
distribution in the canopy and its quick inflation. These openings are scaled
together with the ribs, so that their replicability is flawless and they do not
disturb the aerofoil in any way.
6
Another feature of the Orca XX is the Flexi-Egde
technology. The leading edge is closed to the airflow,
and its precise shape is kept with laminated cloth
reinforcements, incorporating synthetic rods. The rods
make the leading edge stiffer and smoother, bringing improvements in many
areas - from easier inflation, through stiffening the canopy in flight to
improved general airflow.
The wing tips additionally feature ACS (Auto Cleaning
Slots) – as the name suggests, these are dedicated
openings automatically removing dirt from inside the
canopy.
Careful selection of modern fabrics and design solutions brings about great
strength and durability of the Orca XX. All materials used come from marked
production batches, and each production step can be verified down to
identification of specific worker and controller.
Orca XX is manufactured under new technology, utilizing
precision of the laser cutter. All stages of production
process take place in Poland under strict supervision of
the designer himself, thus ensuring highest European
quality.
CLOTH
Orca XX is built with the best available cloth, guaranteeing good durability
with as low as possible weight. For that reason we have chosen textiles of
Porcher company, for years developing most modern paragliding materials.
The leading edge on the upper surface is made of Porcher Skytex Universal
2
E25 (38g/m ) cloth, with the rest of the canopy sporting Skytex Universal
2
E3W (32g/m ) due to great weight/resistance
ratio of this fabric. Both textiles are based on
nylon covered with outstanding impregnates,
introduced into mass production only after a
series of extensive laboratory and real flying tests.
Such covered fabric are not very stiff and - what's most important - have
increased tear, stretch and UV resistance. They are is not siliconised, so
minor repairs can be easily made with self-adhesive strips.
The ribs must be as rigid and stretch-resistant as possible. We found these
qualities in Skytex Hard with E29 impregnate (40g/m2), forming most main
ribs. Remaining ribs and supports are made of lighter, 32-gram variant of this
textile.
7
RIGGING
All suspension lines are sheathed by a coloured
polyester layer, which is covering a brownish Technora
core. Low number of lines required such composition in order to obtain high
strength and stretch-resistance of the lines.
The rigging system consists of individual lines looped and stitched at each
end.
The upper level lines start at the attachment points. Cascade-wise they are
joined to middle layer lines. These in turn connect by twos to main
suspension lines, which are attached to the risers with triangular quick links
(maillons). To prevent their slipping off, the lines are kept together with a
rubber 'O ring' (typically used as gasket). It is twisted in eight to stay in place.
All the maillons are made of corrosion resistant, polished
stainless steel, ensuring excellent strength and durability.
We use only certified maillons by Peguet company.
Stabilo lines run from the outer suspension points to the
maillons through consecutive cascades as well.
The same story goes for the steering lines. They run from the trailing edge
through several layers to the main steering lines, which are lead through the
pulleys connected to the rear risers and then fixed to the brake handles.
Steering lines do not carry any load.
Some of the steering lines of the upper level are additionally led through
rings sewn into the trailing edge, shortening it when the brake is applied. In
this way steering becomes lighter and more effective.
THE RISERS
For the Orca XX we have chosen four-way risers equipped with:
<ELR (Easy Launch Riser) system. This is a specially
marked A riser (red ribbon),
<trimmer with replaceable (in case of deterioration)
regulation strap, affecting the B, C and D risers
<(>>>deleted<<<)
For quick and easy recognition, some of the risers are
distinguished with coloured band as follows:
A - red (used for launching)
A' - red (used for big ears)
B - yellow (used for B-stall)
C - neoprene black
D - blue (needed to keep the glider down in strong wind – aborted
launch).
8
9
Main A row suspension lines connect to A and A' (both red) risers. B row and
stabilo lines go to B riser (yellow), C lines go to C riser (neoprene black) and
D lines to D riser (blue), together with steering lines (through appropriate
pulleys)
Brake handles are attached to the steering lines at optimal point,
guaranteeing safe and effective operation. It is marked black on the main
brake line and this setting should not be changed. Fixing brake handles
above that point causes permanent braking of the paraglider which can
easily lead to an accident. Overly long brake lines are not advised either, as
total lack of strain can prove dangerous in some situations.
Brake handles used in Orca XX besides its attractive, light design, feature:
<a swivel – preventing possible twisting of the steering line,
<soft neoprene cover,
<ACT (Adjustable Comfort Toggle), system with
adjustable loop size
3. Trimmers
Trimmer system consists of a trim shackles sewn into C and D risers, and
red regulation strap going through the shackles and fixed to risers with
rectangular connector link.
We have 3 main positions of the trimmers:
- full closed (slowest speed, minimum sink)
- neutral „0" (best take-off position)
- fully released (increased speed and sink)
During normal flight at neutral position all risers have equal length of 400
mm. Trim operation affects the B, C and D risers.
When trimmers are is fully opened, the D risers goes out to its maximum
possible length of 510 mm, while B and C proportionally less.
Make sure that both trim buckles are locked in the same position, otherwise
you will be constantly and unwillingly turning. It must be checked before
every launch!
Maximum speed is obtained when the trimmer tape is fully stretched.
TRIMMER OPERATION
The main goal of the trim is to adjust the paraglider speed to various loads,
depending on pilot and passenger weight (the weight range of a tandem
wing is greater than single-seater).
To sum it up:
<greater take-off weight – trimmer more closed,
<lesser take-off weight – trimmer more opened.
The other goal of the trimmer is adjusting the speed during flight, accordingly
to your needs and changing conditions.
Before the launch connect the risers to the tandem spreader bars with main
carabiners. Then have a check that the trim operation is not limited.
It is advised to set the trimmers at neutral “0” position for the launch, thus
improving canopy inflation. This position is also most universal to fly within
standard load of the paraglider.
To close the trim (and slow down) just pull the trim tab down. The shackle
will change its position and remain still in new place.
Completely closed trimmers can be used for thermalling, given that you do
not fly near maximum load. In turbulent air this could lead to a deflation or a
spin.
In order to open it (and fly faster) you should grab the shackle, push the
knob with your thumb and thus allow the trim to move up.
By releasing the trimmers you increase the airspeed. Such configuration is
especially needed when flying against strong headwind or seeking next
thermal.
Orca XX stays calm even at completely released trimmers and full speed.
Whenever you do adjust trim settings, always remember to do it
symmetrically.
4. Harnesses and spreader bars
When flying an Orca XX you can use any certified harnesses and spreader
bars that will make both pilot and passenger feel safe and comfortable.
Typical passenger harnesses have simple design, so as not to hinder the
pilots' movements. Harness for the pilot should be equipped with divided
seating and proper tandem rescue system. The spreader bars must allow
various hangpoint configurations, in order to compensate pilot and
passenger weight differences.
Please note that changing distance between seat plate and hangpoint
greatly influences position of the brake handles in relation to pilot's body.
Therefore you must always remember that the handling characteristics and
stall point can vary with different hangpoint configurations.
10
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