Desa BC115CT User manual

Save this manual for future reference.

For more information, visit www.desatech.com

IMPORTANT: Read and understand this manual before

assembling, starting, or servicing heater.

Improper use of heater can cause serious injury. Keep

this manual for future reference.

CANADIAN PORTABLE FORCED AIR HEATERS

OWNER’S MANUAL

MODELS: BC40, RC40, BC55T, RC55T, BC70T, RC70T, BC115CT,

RC115CT, BC165CT AND RC165CT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Safety Information ............................................... 2

Unpacking ........................................................... 2

Product Identiﬁcation ........................................... 3

Assembly ............................................................. 4

Theory of Operation ............................................ 5

Fuels .................................................................... 5

Ventilation ........................................................... 6

Operation ............................................................ 6

Storing, Transporting, or Shipping ....................... 7

Preventative Maintenance Schedule ................... 7

Troubleshooting ................................................... 8

Service Procedures ............................................. 9

Wiring Diagrams ............................................... 15

Illustrated Parts Breakdown and Parts List ....... 16

Speciﬁcations .................................................... 24

Accessories ....................................................... 25

Warranty and Repair Service ............................ 28

www.desatech.com 111168-01A

SAFETY INFORMATION

IMPORTANT: Read this owner’s

manual carefully and completely

before trying to assemble, op-

erate, or service this heater.

Improper use of this heater can

cause serious injury or death

from burns, ﬁre, explosion,

electrical shock, and carbon

monoxide poisoning.

DANGER: Carbon monoxide

poisoning may lead to death!

Early signs of carbon monoxide poisoning re-

semble the ﬂu, with headaches, dizziness, and/or

nausea. If you have these signs, the heater may not

be working properly. Get fresh air at once! Have

heater serviced. Some people (such as pregnant

women, persons with heart or lung disease, persons

with anemia, those under the inﬂuence of alcohol,

and those at high altitudes) are more affected by

carbon monoxide than others.

1. Use only kerosene, #1/#2 diesel/fuel oil, JET A

or JP-8 fuels to avoid risk of ﬁre or explosion.

Never use gasoline, naphtha, paint thinners,

alcohol, or other highly ﬂammable fuels.

2. Use only with the electrical voltage and fre-

quency speciﬁed on model plate.

3. Heater must be grounded. Use only a properly

grounded three-wire extension cord. Plug into

grounded outlet only.

4. Use only in areas free of ﬂammable vapors or

high dust content.

5. Minimum clearance from any combustible

materials: 8 feet (244 cm) from hot air outlet;

6 feet (183 cm) from top; and 2 feet (61 cm)

from sides and inlet.

6. Locate heater on a stable and level surface

while hot or operating or a ﬁre may occur.

7. Use only in well ventilated areas. Provide venti-

lation of at least three square feet (2,800 square

cm) for each 100,000 Btu/Hr of rating.

8. Keep children and animals away from heater

at all times.

9. Never start heater when combustion chamber

is hot or if fuel has accumulated in combus-

tion chamber.

10. When used with a thermostat, heater may start

at anytime.

11. When heater is moved or stored, it must be in

a level position or fuel spillage may occur.

12. Use heater only in accordance with local

ordinances and codes.

13. Never use gasoline, crankcase drainings,

naphtha, paint thinners, alcohol, or other

highly ﬂammable fuels.

14. Never use heater where gasoline, paint thin-

ner, or other highly ﬂammable vapors are

present.

15. Never use heater in living or sleeping areas.

16. Never leave a heater plugged in without adult

supervision if children or animals are likely to

be present.

17. Never move, handle, refuel, or service a hot,

operating, or plugged-in heater.

18. Never block air inlet at motor end (rear) of

heater.

19. Never attach duct work to front of heater.

20. Never attach heater to external fuel tank.

UNPACKING

1. Remove all protective packaging that has been

applied to heater for shipment

2. Remove heater from carton.

3. Check heater for any shipping damage. If dam-

age is found, promptly inform dealer where

heater was purchased.

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PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

Figure 1 - 40 Model

Figure 2 - 55T/70T Models

Handle

Fuel Cap

Lower

Shell

Power Cord

Fuel Tank

Hot Air

Outlet

Air Filter End

Cover

Fan Guard

Upper Shell

Side Cover

Ignition Control Assembly

(assembly on inside of side cover)

Thermostat

Knob

Nose Cone Guard

Side Cover

Fuel Tank

Lower

Shell

Hot Air

Outlet

Nose Cone Guard

Handle

Upper Shell

Power Cord

Fuel Cap

Air Filter

End Cover

Fan Guard

Ignition Control Assembly

(assembly on inside of side cover)

Figure 3 - 115T/165T Models

Lower Shell

Hot Air

Outlet Fan Guard

Fuel Tank

Side Cover

Fuel Cap

Upper Shell

Power Cord

Ignition Control Assembly

(assembly on inside of side cover)

Thermostat Knob

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ASSEMBLY

(FOR 40, 55T, AND 70T MODELS ONLY)

These models are furnished with a nose cone

guard. Nose cone guard and mounting screws are

found in the shipping carton.

Tools Needed

• 5/16" Nut Driver or Wrench

1. Place nose cone guard on top of upper shell

ﬂange. Make sure nose cone guard is on hot

air outlet end of heater.

2. Insert screws through nose cone guard and

upper shell ﬂange.

3. Tighten screws ﬁrmly.

Figure 4 - Nose Cone Guard Assembly,

40/55T/70T Models Only

Nose Cone

Guard

Screw

Hot Air

Outlet

Upper Shell

Flange

(FOR 115T AND 165T MODELS ONLY)

These models are furnished with wheels and a front

handle. Some models are furnished with a rear

handle also. Wheels, handle(s), and the mounting

hardware is found in the shipping carton.

Tools Needed

• Medium Phillips Screwdriver

• 3/8" Open or Adjustable Wrench

• Hammer

1. Slide axle through wheel support frame. Install

wheels on axle.

IMPORTANT: Place extended hub of wheel

toward wheel support frame.

2. Place cap nuts on axle ends. Gently tap with

hammer to secure.

3. Place heater on wheel support frame assem-

bly. Make sure air inlet end of heater is over

wheels.

4. Place front handle on top of fuel tank ﬂange.

Insert screws through handle(s), fuel tank

ﬂange and wheel support frame. Attach nut

ﬁnger tight after each screw is inserted.

5. Tighten all nuts ﬁrmly.

Figure 5 - Wheel and Handle Assembly,

115T/165T Models Only

Front

Handle

Hot Air

Outlet

Fuel Tank

Flange

Wheel

Support

Frame

Wheel

Cap Nut Axle

Nut

Extended Hub

Air Inlet

Screw

Rear Handle

(If Equipped)

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THEORY OF OPERATION

The Fuel System: The air pump forces air through

the air line. The air is then pushed through the

nozzle. This air causes fuel to be lifted from the

tank. A ﬁne mist of fuel is sprayed into the com-

bustion chamber.

The Air System: The motor turns the fan. The

fan pushes air into and around the combustion

Figure 6 - Cross Section Operational View

Clean

Heated

Air Out

Fuel

Filter

Air

Output

Filter

Air Pump

Air Intake

Filter

Cool

Air In

Fan

Combustion Chamber

Ignitor Motor

Air For Fuel

System Air For Combustion

And Heating Fuel

Nozzle

Fuel Tank

Ignition Control

Assembly

Air Line

To Burner

chamber. This air is heated and provides a stream

of clean, hot air.

The ignition control assembly provides power to

the ignitor. This ignites the fuel/air mixture in the

combustion chamber.

The Flame-Out Control System: This system causes

the heater to shut down if the ﬂame goes out.

FUELS

WARNING: Use only kero-

sene, #1/#2 diesel/fuel oil, JET

A or JP-8 fuels to avoid risk

of ﬁre or explosion. Never

use gasoline, oil drained from

crankcases, naphtha, paint

thinners, alcohol or other highly

ﬂammable fuels.

Use only kerosene, #1/#2 diesel/fuel oil, JET A

or JP-8 fuels. Heavier fuels such as No. 2 fuel

oil or No. 2 diesel fuel may also be used but will

result in:

• noticeable odor

• additional fuel ﬁlter maintenance

• the need for nontoxic, anti-icer additives in very

cold weather

Do not use fuels heavier than No. 2 grade or

heavy oils such as oil drained from crankcases.

These heavy oils will not ignite properly and will

contaminate the heater.

IMPORTANT: Use a KEROSENE ONLY (blue)

or DIESEL ONLY (yellow) storage container. Be

sure storage container is clean. Foreign matter

such as rust, dirt, or water will cause the ignition

control assembly to shut down heater. Foreign

matter may also require heater's fuel system to be

frequently cleaned.

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VENTILATION

WARNING: Provide a fresh air

opening of at least three square

feet (2,800 square cm) for each

100,000 Btu/Hr rating. Provide

extra fresh air if more heaters

are being used. The minimum

ventilation requirements must

be followed to avoid risks as-

sociated with carbon monoxide

poisoning. Make certain these

requirements are met prior to

operating heater.

Example: A 165 model heater requires one of

the following:

• a two-car garage door (16 ft. [4.88 m] wide

opening) raised four inches (10.16 cm)

• a single-car garage door (9 ft. [2.74 m] wide

opening) raised seven inches (17.78 cm)

• two, thirty-inch (76.20 cm) windows raised

twelve inches (30.48 cm)

OPERATION

IMPORTANT: Review and under-

stand the warnings in the Safety

Information section, page 2.

They are needed to safely oper-

ate this heater. Follow all local

ordinances and codes when

using this heater.

TO START HEATER

1. Follow all ventilation and safety informa-

tion.

2. Fill fuel tank with kerosene, #1/#2 diesel/fuel

oil, JET A or JP-8 fuels.

3. Attach fuel cap.

4. For thermostat models 55T, 70T, 115T, and

165T, turn thermostat knob clockwise to the

high position.

5. Plug heaterʼs power cord into approved,

grounded, three-wire extension cord. Extension

cord must be at least six feet (1.8 meters) long.

Extension Cord Size Requirement

6 to 10 feet (1.8 to 3 meters) long, use 18 AWG

(0.75 mm2) rated cord

11 to 100 feet (3.3 to 30.5 meters) long, use

16 AWG (1.0 mm2) rated cord

101 to 200 feet (30.8 to 61 meters) long, use

14 AWG (1.5 mm2) rated cord

Plug extension cord into standard 120 volt/60

hertz, 3-prong grounded outlet. Note: Ignitor will

preheat for ﬁve seconds, then heater will start.

7. For thermostat models 55T, 70T, 115T, and

165T, adjust thermostat knob to the desired

setting. Note: A cold heater may affect

the thermostat setting. This thermostat is a

general-heating control. It is not intended for

precise temperature control. Adjust thermostat

until heater cycles at the desired setting.

TO STOP HEATER

Unplug extension cord from outlet.

TO RESTART HEATER

1. Unplug extension cord from outlet and wait

10 seconds. (Wait two minutes if heater has

been running.)

2. Repeat steps under To Start Heater.

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Item How Often How To

Fuel tank Flush every 150-200 hours See Storing, Transporting, or

of operation or as needed Shipping

Air output and lint ﬁlters Replace every 500 hours of See Air Output, Air Intake,

operation or once a year and Lint Filters, page 10

Air intake ﬁlter Wash and dry with soap and See Air Output, Air Intake,

water every 500 hours of and Lint Filters, page 10

operation or replace as needed

Fuel ﬁlter Clean twice a heating season See Fuel Filter, page 11

or replace as needed

Ignitor None required

Fan blades Clean every season or See Fan, page 9

as needed

Motor Not required/permanently

lubricated

STORING, TRANSPORTING,

OR SHIPPING

Note: If shipping, transport companies require

fuel tanks to be empty.

1. Drain fuel tank.

Note: Some models have drain plug on un-

derside of fuel tank. If so, remove drain plug

to drain all fuel. If heater does not have drain

plug, drain fuel through fuel cap opening. Be

sure all fuel is removed.

2. Replace drain plug if provided.

3. If any debris is noted in old fuel, add 1 or 2

quarts of clean kerosene to tank, stir, and drain

again. This will prevent excess debris from

clogging ﬁlters during future use.

4. Replace fuel cap or drain plug. Properly dis-

pose of old and dirty fuel. Check with local

automotive service stations that recycle oil.

5. If storing, store heater in dry place. Make sure

storage place is free of dust and corrosive

fumes.

IMPORTANT: Do not store kerosene over summer

months for use during next heating season. Using

old fuel could damage heater.

PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

WARNING: To avoid risk of burn and electrical shock, never at-

tempt to service heater while it is plugged in, operating, or hot.

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TROUBLESHOOTING

WARNING: Never service heater while it is plugged in, operating,

or hot. Severe burns and electrical shock can occur.

REMEDY

1. Check circuit breaker in elec-

trical panel

2. Turn thermostat knob to a

higher setting

3. Check all electrical connec-

tions. See Wiring Diagrams,

page 15

4. If fan does not turn freely, see

Pump Rotor, page 14

5. Replace ignition control as-

sembly

6. Replace motor

1. Fill tank with kerosene

2. See Pump Pressure Adjust-

ment, page 10

3. See Fuel Filter, page 11

4. See Nozzle Assembly, page 12

5. Drain and ﬂush fuel tank with

clean kerosene. See Storing,

Transporting, or Shipping,

page 7

Check electrical connections.

See Wiring Diagrams , page 15

7. Replace ignitor, see page 11

8. Replace ignition control as-

sembly

1. See Pump Pressure Adjust-

ment, page 10

2. See Air Output, Air Intake, and

Lint Filters, page 10

3. See Fuel Filter, page 11

4. See Nozzle Assembly, page 12

5. Make sure photocell boot is

properly seated in bracket

6. Clean photocell lens

7. Check electrical connections.

See Wiring Diagrams, page 15

8. Replace photocell

9. Replace ignition control as-

sembly

POSSIBLE CAUSE

1. No power to heater

2. Thermostat setting is too low

3. Bad electrical connection be-

tween motor and ignition con-

trol assembly or ignition control

assembly and power cord

4. Binding pump rotor

5. Defective ignition control as-

sembly

6. Defective motor

1. No fuel in tank

2. Pump pressure incorrect

3. Dirty fuel ﬁlter

4. Obstruction in nozzle

5. Water in fuel tank

6. Bad electrical connection

between ignitor and ignition

control assembly

7. Defective ignitor

8. Defective ignition control as-

sembly

1. Pump pressure incorrect

2. Dirty air intake, air output,

and/or lint ﬁlter

3. Dirty fuel ﬁlter

4. Obstruction in nozzle

5. Photocell assembly not properly

installed (not seeing the ﬂame)

6. Dirty photocell lens

7. Bad electrical connection be-

tween photocell and ignition

control assembly

8. Defective photocell

9. Defective ignition control as-

sembly

FAULT CONDITION

Motor does not start ﬁve seconds

after heater is plugged in

Motor starts and runs but heater

does not ignite

Heater ignites but ignition control

assembly shuts heater off after a

short period of time

WARNING: High voltage!

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SERVICE PROCEDURES

WARNING: To avoid risk of

burn and electrical shock, never

attempt to service heater while it

is plugged in, operating, or hot.

UPPER SHELL REMOVAL

1. Remove screws along each side of heater using

5/16" nut-driver. These screws attach upper

and lower shells together. See Figure 7 or 8.

2. Lift upper shell off.

3. Remove fan guard.

Screw

Upper Shell

Fan Guard

Figure 7 - Upper Shell Removal

(40/55T/70T Models Only)

Screw Upper Shell

Fan Guard

Figure 8 - Upper Shell Removal

(115T/165T Models Only)

Figure 9 - Fan, Motor Shaft, and

Setscrew Location

Flush

Fan

Setscrew

Motor Shaft

Motor

Figure 10 - Fan Cross Section

Setscrew

Motor Shaft

Fan

FAN

IMPORTANT: Remove fan from motor shaft

before removing motor from heater. The weight

of the motor resting on the fan could damage the

fan pitch (see Figure 9).

1. Remove upper shell (see Figure 7 or 8).

2. Use 1/8" allen wrench to loosen setscrew

which holds fan to motor shaft.

3. Slip fan off motor shaft.

4. Clean fan using a soft cloth moistened with

kerosene or solvent.

5. Dry fan thoroughly.

6. Replace fan on motor shaft. Place fan hub ﬂush

with end of motor shaft (see Figure 10).

Place setscrew on ﬂat of shaft. Tighten

setscrew ﬁrmly (40-50 inch-pounds/4.5-

5.6 n-m).

8. Replace fan guard and upper shell.

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Air Output

Filter

Lint Filter

Figure 11 - Air Output, Air Intake, and

Lint Filters, 40/55T/70T Models

Figure 12 - Air Output, Air Intake, and

Lint Filters, 115T/165T Models

Filter End

Cover Fan

Guard

Air Output Filter

Lint Filter

Air Intake

Filter Filter End

Cover

Fan

Guard

Air Intake

Filter

AIR OUTPUT, AIR INTAKE AND LINT

FILTERS

Remove upper shell (see Figure 7 or 8, page 9).

2. Remove ﬁlter end cover screws using 5/16"

nut-driver. See Figure 11 or 12.

3. Remove ﬁlter end cover.

4. Replace air output and lint ﬁlters.

5. Wash or replace air intake ﬁlter (see Preventa-

tive Maintenance Schedule, page 7).

6. Replace ﬁlter end cover.

7. Replace fan guard and upper shell.

IMPORTANT: Do not oil ﬁlters.

SERVICE PROCEDURES

Continued

Relief Valve

Pressure

Gauge

Plug

Figure 13 - Pressure Gauge Plug

Removal (40/55T/70T Models Shown)

Pump

Model Pressure

40 3.0 PSI

55T 3.4 PSI

70 T 4.7 PSI

115T 5.1 PSI

165T 5.6 PSI

Pressure

Gauge

Figure 14 - Adjusting Pump Pressure

(40/55T/70T Models Shown)

PUMP PRESSURE ADJUSTMENT

1. Remove pressure gauge plug from ﬁlter end

cover (see Figure 13).

2. Install accessory pressure gauge (part number

HA1180).

3. Start heater (see Operation, page 6). Allow

motor to reach full speed.

4. Adjust pressure. Turn relief valve to right to

increase pressure. Turn relief valve to left to

decrease pressure. See speciﬁcations correct

pressure for each model (see Figure 14).

5. Remove pressure gauge. Replace pressure

gauge plug in ﬁlter end cover.

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