Boulder 160 User manual

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-------

BOULDER

160

P

O'W'.ER

AMPLIFIER

Installation

Instructions

11/14/83

Congratulations

on

your

choice

of

the

Boulder

160

Power

Amplifier

.

In

order

to

realize

the

full

sonic

potential

of

this

amplifier,

we

ask

that

you

take

a

few

minutes

to

read

these

instructions

.

The

Boulder

160

is

a

two

stage

amplifier

with

the

first

being

a

differential

input

JE-990

operational

amplifier

circuit

having

20

dB

of

voltage

gain.

This

allows

the

second

stage

to

operate

at

only

6

dB

of

gain.

Level

controls

(on

most

models)

are

provided

between

the

stages

to

allow

checking

the

input

signal

when

first

connected

or

patched.

The

optimum

setting

of

the

level

controls

is

in

the

"0"

(full

clockwise)

position.

This

ensures

that

the

first

stage

will

not

be

nea.r

its

Clipping

point.

If

necessary,

up

to

-3

dB

of

attenuation

may

be

used

without

risking

audible

clipping

.

Furthur

attenuation

should

only

be

used

for

reduced

output

level

situations

such

as

muting.

The

clip

lights

do

not

indicate

first-stage

Clipping

.

The

clip

lights

will

start

to

illuminate

somewhat

<1-6

dB)

before

actual

clipping

occurs

depending

on

the

particular

loudspeakers

used.

Therefore,

at

pin

3

or

the

phono

jack

will

produce

a

positive-going

transition

at

the

"+"

(red)

output

terminal.

For

mono

operation,

push

the

rear

panel

switch

so

that

it

stays

in

the

"in"

pOSition.

Only

signals

into

the

left

input

are

used

in

mono.

The

left

channel

red

output

terminal

is

now

"+",

and

the

right

channel

red

output

terminal

is

now

"-".

Note

the

markings

on

the

rear

panel.

Because

of

current-limiting

protection

circuits,

it

is

not

recommended

to

dnve

a 4

Ohm

(or

less)

load

in

mono

operation.

No

furthur

headroom.

will

be

a.vailable

in

mono

operation

(as

compared

to

stereo)

into

4

Ohms.

Also,

the

damping

ratio

is

halved

in

mono

operation,

which

may

affect

sonic

qualities.

For

best

sonic

results,

we

recommend

the

use

of

low

characteristic

impedance

speaker

cable.

A

coaxial

type

such

as

Mogami

#2477

or

#2513

has

high

distributed

capacitance

giving

impedances

lower

than

10

ohms.

Care

should

be

used

when

trying

this

cable

on

other

amplifiers,

as

the

distributed

capacitance

may

cause

less

stable

designs

to

oscillate.

A

termination

network

of

.022uF

in

series

with

10

ohms

should

be

used

at

-the

speaker

terminals

to

reduce

reflections

in

the

speaker

cable.

These

values

really

depend

on

the

speaker

impedance

above

20KHz,

but

in

most

instances

will

work

well.

The

green

indicator

light

in

the

circuit

breaker

will

remain

steadily

on

when

powered

up.

A

blinking

indication

shows

either

a

thermal

overload

(which

takes

about

2

minutes

to

reset

itself)

or

1055

of

mains

power

to

the

amplifier.

This

latter

indication

will

only

last

about

25

seconds.

some

occasional

clip

indication

at

high

levels

is

allowable.

The

amplifier

is

shipped

with

the

differential

inputs

disabled,

since

unbalanced

mode

is

most

often

used.

To

enable

the

differential

mode,

move

the

jumpers

on

the

PC

board

from

"UNB"

to

the

"BAL"

position.

NOTE:

If

the

unbalanced

Phono

inputs

are

used,

the

input

mode

should

be

left

unbalanced

by

setting

the

jumpers

to

the

"UNB"

pOSition.

Alternately,

unbalancing

may

be

accomplished

by

connecting

pin

2

(10)

of

the

3-pin

input

connector

to

pin

1

(ground).

_________

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phase

of

the

amplifier

is

such

that

a

positive-going

tranSition

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