BECKWITH ELECTRIC M-3425A User manual

Instruction Book

Part 2 of 2

M-3425A

Generator Protection

M-3425A

Integrated Protection System

for Generators of All Sizes

Unit shown with optional M-3925A Target Module and M-3931 HMI (Human-Machine Interface) Module.

PROTECTION

• Exceeds IEEE C37.102 and Standard 242 requirements for generator

protection

• Protects generators of any prime mover, grounding and connection type

• Provides all major protective functions for generator protection including

Out-of-Step (78), Split-Phase Differential (50DT), Under Frequency Time

Accumulation (81A), Inadvertent Energizing (50/27) and Turn-to-Turn Fault

(59X)

• Expanded IPScom®Communications Software provides simple and logical

setting and programming, including logic schemes

• Simple application with Base and Comprehensive protection packages

• Load encroachment blinders and power swing blocking for system

backup protection (21) to enchance security during system abnormal

conditions

• Options: Ethernet Connection, Field Ground/Brush Lift-Off

Protection (64F/B), Sync Check (25), 100% Stator Ground

Fault Protection by low frequency injection (64S) and

Expanded I/O (15 additional Output Contacts and 8 additional

Control/Status Inputs)

–2–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

Optional Protective Functions

• Sync Check with Phase Angle, ΔV and ΔF

with dead line/dead bus options (25)

• Field Ground (64F) and Brush Lift Off (64B)

(Includes M-3921 Field Ground Coupler)

• 100% Stator Ground protection by low fre-

quencyinjection(64S).Thefollowingequip-

ment is supplied with the 64S option:

– 20 Hz signal generator (430-00426)

– Band-pass Filter (430-00429)

– 400/5 A 20 Hz CT (430-00428)

Standard Features

• Eight programmable outputs and six pro-

grammable inputs

• Oscillographic recording with COMTRADE

or BECO format

• Time-stamped target storage for 32 events

• Metering of all measured parameters and

calculated values

• Three communications ports (two RS-232

and one RS-485)

• M-3820D IPScom®Communications Soft-

ware

• Includes MODBUS and BECO 2200

protocols

• Standard 19" rack-mount design (vertical

mountingavailable)

• Removable printed circuit board and power

supply

• 50 and 60 Hz models available

• Both 1A and 5 A rated CT inputs available

• Additionaltripinputsforexternally connected

devices

• IRIG-B time synchronization

• Operating Temperature: –20° C to +70° C

• Sequence of Events Log

• Trip Circuit Monitoring

• Breaker Monitoring

• Four Setpoint Groups

Optional Features

• Redundant power supply

• M-3925A Target Module

• M-3931 Human-Machine Interface (HMI)

Module

• RJ45EthernetportutilizingMODBUSoverTCP/

IP and BECO2200 over TCP/IP protocols

• RJ45EthernetportutilizingIEC61850Protocol

• M-3801DIPSplot®

PLUS

Oscillograph Analy-

sis Software

• Expanded I/O (15 additional outputs and 8

additional inputs)

Protective Functions

Base Package

• Overexcitation (V/Hz) (24)

• Phase Undervoltage (27)

• Directional power sensitive triple-setpoint Re-

verse Power, Low Forward Power or Over-

powerdetection, oneof whichcan beused for

sequential tripping (32)

• Dual-zone,offset-mhoLossofField(40),which

may be applied with undervoltage controlled

acceleratedtripping

• SensitiveNegativeSequenceOvercurrentpro-

tection and alarm (46)

• Instantaneous Phase Overcurrent (50)

• InadvertentEnergizing(50/27)

• Generator Breaker Failure (50BF)

• Instantaneous Neutral Overcurrent (50N)

• Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent (51N)

• Three-phase Inverse Time Overcurrent

(51V)withvoltagecontrolandvoltagerestraint.

• Phase Overvoltage (59)

• Neutral Overvoltage (59N)

• Multi-purpose Overvoltage (59X)

• VT Fuse-Loss Detection and blocking

(60FL)

• Residual Directional Overcurrent (67N)

• Four-step Over/Underfrequency (81)

• Phase Differential Current (87)

• Ground (zero sequence) Differential Cur-

rent (87GD)

• IPSlogic takes the contact input status and

function status and generates outputs by

employing (OR, AND, and NOT) boolean

logic and a timer.

Protective Functions

Comprehensive Package

The Comprehensive Package includes all Base

Package functions, as well as the following:

• Three-zone Phase Distance protection for

phasefaultbackupprotection(21).Zonethree

can be used for Out-of-Step Blocking. Load

encroachment blinders can be applied.

• 100%StatorGroundFaultprotectionusingThird

HarmonicNeutralUndervoltage(27TN)or(59D)

Third Harmonic Voltage Differential (ratio)

• Stator Overload (49) (Positive Sequence

Overcurrent)

• DefiniteTimeOvercurrent(50DT)canbeused

for split phase differential

• Out-of-Step (78)

• UnderFrequency Accumulation (81A)

• Rate of Change of Frequency (81R)

–3–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS

Device Setpoint

Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Phase Distance (three-zone mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter #1,#2,#3 0.1 to 100.0 Ω0.1 Ω0.1 Ωor 5%

(0.5 to 500.0 Ω)(0.5 Ωor 5%)

Offset #1,#2,#3 –100.0 to 100.0 Ω0.1 Ω0.1 Ωor 5%

(–500.0 to 500.0 Ω)(0.5 Ωor 5%)

Impedance Angle #1,#2,#3 0° to 90° 1° 1°

Load Encroachment Blinder #1,#2,#3

Angle 1° to 90° 1° 1°

R Reach 0.1 to 100 Ω

Time Delay #1,#2,#3 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Out-of-Step Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Overcurrent Supervision 0.1 to 20 A 0.1 A 0.1 A or 2%

(0.02 to 4 A) 0.01 A 0.02 A or 2%

When out-of-step blocking on Zone 1 or Zone 2 is enabled, Zone 3 will not trip and it will be used to detect the

out-of-step condition for blocking Function 21 #1 and/or 21 #2.

Volts / Hz

Definite Time

Pickup #1, #2 100 to 200% 1% 1%

Time Delay #1, #2 30 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 25 Cycles

Inverse Time

Pickup 100 to 200% 1% 1%

Characteristic Curves Inverse Time #1–#4 — —

Time Dial: Curve #1 1 to 100 1

Time Dial: Curves #2–#4 0.0 to 9.0 0.1

Reset Rate 1 to 999 Sec. 1 Sec. .02 Sec. or 1%

(from threshold of trip)

The percent pickup is based on nominal VT secondary voltage and nominal system frequency settings. The

pickup accuracy stated is only applicable from 10 to 80 Hz, 0 to 180 V, 100 to 150% V/Hz and a nominal voltage

setting of 120 V.

Phase Undervoltage

Pickup #1, #2, #3 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

0.8 V or 0.75%*

Time Delay #1, #2, #3 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 0.5%**

* When both RMS and Line-Ground to Line-Line VT connection is selected.

**When RMS (total waveform) is selected, timing accuracy is

20 cycles or



1%.

†Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

–4–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (

cont

Device Setpoint

Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Third-Harmonic Undervoltage, Neutral

Pickup #1, #2 0.10 to 14.00 V 0.01 V 0.1 V or 1%

Positive Sequence

Voltage Block 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

Forward Under Power Block 0.01 to 1.00 PU 0.01 PU 0.01 PU or 2%

Reverse Under Power Block –1.00 to –0.01 PU 0.01 PU 0.01 PU or 2%

Lead Under var Block –1.00 to –0.01 PU 0.01 PU 0.01 PU or 2%

Lag Under var Block 0.01 to 1.00 PU 0.01 PU 0.01 PU or 2%

Lead Power Factor Block 0.01 to 1.00 0.01 0.03 PU or 3%

Lag Power Factor Block 0.01 to 1.00 0.01 0.03 PU or 3%

High Band Forward

Power Block 0.01 to 1.00 PU 0.01 PU 0.01 PU or 2%

Low Band Forward

Power Block 0.01 to 1.00 PU 0.01 PU 0.01 PU or 2%

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Directional Power

Pickup #1, #2, #3 –3.000 to +3.000 PU 0.001 PU 0.002 PU or 2%

Time Delay #1, #2, #3 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle +16 Cycles or 1%

The minimum Pickup limits are

–

.002 and +.002 respectively.

The per-unit pickup is based on nominal VT secondary voltage and nominal CT secondary current settings. This

function can be selected as either overpower or underpower in the forward direction (positive setting) or reverse

direction (negative setting). Element #3 can be set as real power or reactive power. This function includes a

programmable target LED that may be disabled.

Loss of Field (dual-zone offset-mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter #1, #2 0.1 to 100.0 Ω0.1 Ω0.1 Ωor 5%

(0.5 to 500.0 Ω)(0.5 Ωor 5%)

Offset #1, #2 –50.0 to 50.0 Ω0.1 Ω0.1 Ωor 5%

(–250.0 to 250.0 Ω)(0.5 Ωor 5%)

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Time Delay with

Voltage Control #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Voltage Control 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

(positive sequence)

Directional Element 0° to 20° 1° —

Time delay with voltage control for each zone can be individually enabled.

†Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

–5–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (

cont

Device Setpoint

Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Negative Sequence Overcurrent

Definite Time

Pickup 3 to 100% 1% 0.5% of 5 A

(0.5% of 1 A)

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Inverse Time

Pickup 3 to 100% 1% 0.5 % of 5 A

(0.5% of 1 A)

Time Dial Setting 1 to 95 1 3 Cycles or 3%

(K= I22t)

Definite Maximum

Time to Trip 600 to 65,500 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Definite Minimum Time 12 Cycles —fixed

Reset Time (Linear) 1 to 600 Seconds 1 Second —

(from threshold of trip)

Pickup is based on the generator nominal current setting.

Stator Overload Protection

Time Constant #1, #2 1.0 to 999.9 minutes 0.1 minutes

Maximum Overload Current 1.00 to 10.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 2%

(0.20 to 2.00 A)

Instantaneous Phase Overcurrent

Pickup #1, #2 0.1 to 240.0 A 0.1 A 0.1 A or 3%

(0.1 to 48.0 A) (0.02 A or 3%)

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

When frequency f is < (f

nom

–5 ) Hz add an additional time of (1.5/f + 0.033) sec to the time delay accuracy.

Breaker Failure

Pickup

Phase Current 0.10 to 10.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 2%

(0.02 to 2.00 A) (0.02 A or 2%)

Neutral Current 0.10 to 10.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 2%

(0.02 to 2.00 A) (0.02 A or 2%)

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

50BF can be initiated from designated M-3425A output contacts or programmable control/status inputs.

Definite Time Overcurrent

Pickup Phase A #1, #2 0.20 A to 240.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 3%

(0.04 A to 48.00 A) (0.02 A or 3%)

Pickup Phase B #1, #2 (same as above)

Pickup Phase C #1, #2 (same as above)

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

This function uses generator line-side currents.

When 50DT function is used for split-phase differential protection, 50BF, 87, and 87GD functions should not be

used, and the I

, I

and I

inputs must be connected to the split phase differential currents.

†Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

BF-Ph

BF-N

–6–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (

cont

Device Setpoint

Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Instantaneous Neutral Overcurrent

Pickup 0.1 to 240.0 A 0.1 A 0.1 A or 3%

(0.1 to 48.0 A) (0.02 A or 3%)

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

When the frequency f is < (f

nom

–5) Hz add an additional time of (1.5/f + 0.033) sec to the time delay accuracy.

Inadvertent Energizing

Overcurrent

Pickup 0.5 to 15.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 2%

(0.1 to 3.00 A) (0.02 A or 2%)

Undervoltage

Pickup 5 to 130 V 1 V 0.5 V

Pick-up Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Drop-out Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent

Pickup 0.25 to 12.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 1%

(0.05 to 2.40 A) (0.02 A or 1%)

Characteristic Curve Definite Time/Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEC Curves

Moderately Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEEE Curves

Time Dial 0.5 to 11.0 0.1 3 Cycles or 3%*

0.05 to 1.10 (IEC curves) 0.01

0.85 to 1.15 (IEEE curves) 0.01

* For IEC Curves the timing accuracy is



5%.

When the frequency f is < (f

nom

–5 )Hz add an additional time of (1.5/f + 0.033) sec to the time delay accuracy.

Inverse Time Phase Overcurrent, with Voltage Control or Voltage Restraint

Pickup 0.50 to 12.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 1%

(0.10 to 2.40 A) (0.02 A or 1%)

Characteristic Curve Definite Time/Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEC Curves

Moderately Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEEE Curves

Time Dial 0.5 to 11.0 0.1 3 Cycles or 3%*

0.05 to 1.10 (IEC curves) 0.01

0.85 to 1.15 (IEEE curves) 0.01

Voltage Control (VC) 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

Voltage Restraint (VR) Linear Restraint ——

* For IEC Curves the timing accuracy is



5%.

51V

51N

50N

50/

†Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

–7–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (

cont

Device Setpoint

Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Phase Overvoltage

Pickup #1, #2, #3 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

0.8 V or 0.75%*

Time Delay #1, #2, #3 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%**

Input Voltage Select Phase, Positive or Negative Sequence***

* When both RMS and Line-Ground to Line-Line is selected.

** When RMS (total waveform) is selected, timing accuracy is +20 cycles or



1%.

*** When positive or negative sequence voltage is selected, the 59 Function uses the discrete Fourier transform

(DFT) for magnitude calculation, irrespective of the RMS/DFT selection, and timing accuracy is



1 Cycle or



1%.

Positive and negative sequence voltages are calculated in terms of line-to-line voltage when Line to Line is

selected for V.T. Configuration.

Third-Harmonic Voltage Differential Ratio

Ratio (Vx/VN) 0.1 to 5.0 0.1

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Positive Seq Voltage Block 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

Line Side Voltage VXor 3V0(calculated)

The 59D function with V

cannot be enabled if the 25 function is enabled. The line side voltage can be selected

as the third harmonic of 3V

(equivalent to V

+ V

) or V

selection for line side voltage can only be used with line-ground VT configuration.

Neutral Overvoltage

Pickup #1, #2, #3 5.0 to 180.0 V 0.1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

Time Delay #1, #2, #3 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

When 64S is purchased, the 59N Time Delay Accuracy is –1 to +5 cycles.

Multi-purpose Overvoltage

Pickup #1, #2 5.0 to 180.0 V 0.1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Multi-purpose input that may be used for turn-to-turn stator ground protection, bus ground protection, or as an

extra Phase-Phase, or Phase-Ground voltage input.

VT Fuse-Loss Detection

A VT fuse-loss condition is detected by using the positive and negative sequence components

of the voltages and currents. VT fuse-loss output can be initiated from internally generated

logic, and/or from input contacts.

Alarm Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Three Phase VT

Fuse Loss Detection Enable/Disable

59N

59X

59D

†Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

–8–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (

cont

Device Setpoint

Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Residual Directional Overcurrent

Definite Time*

Pickup 0.5 to 240.0 A 0.1 A 0.1 A or 3%

(0.1 to 48.0 A) (0.02 A or 3%)

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle –1 to +3 Cycles or 1%

Inverse Time*

Pickup 0.25 to 12.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 3%

(0.05 to 2.40 A) (0.02 A or 3%)

Characteristic Curve Definite Time/Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEC Curves

Moderately Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEEE Curves

Time Dial 0.5 to 11.0 0.1 3 Cycles or 5%

0.05 to 1.10 (IEC Curves) 0.01

0.5 to 11 (IEEE curves) 0.01

Directional Element

Max Sensitivity Angle (MSA) 0 to 359° 1°

Polarizing Quantity 3Vo(calculated), VNor VX

*Directional control for 67NDT or 67NIT may be disabled.

polarization cannot be used if 25 function is enabled.

polarization can only be used with line-ground VT configuration.

Operating current for 67N can be selected as 3

(calculated) or

(Residual CT).

If 87GD is enabled, 67N with

(Residual CT) operating current will not be available.

Out of Step (mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter 0.1 to 100.0 Ω0.1 Ω0.1 Ωor 5%

(0.5 to 500.0 Ω)(0.5 Ωor 5%)

Offset –100.0 to 100.0 Ω0.1 Ω0.1 Ωor 5%

(–500.0 to 500.0 Ω)(0.5 Ωor 5%)

Impedance Angle 0° to 90° 1° 1°

Blinder 0.1 to 50.0 Ω0.1 Ω0.1 Ωor 5%

(0.5 to 250.0 Ω)(0.5 Ωor 5%)

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Trip on mho Exit Enable/Disable

Pole Slip Counter 1 to 20 1

Pole Slip Reset 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Frequency

Pickup #1,#2,#3,#4 50.00 to 67.00 Hz 0.01 Hz 0.02 Hz

40.00 to 57.00 Hz*

Time Delay #1–#4 3 to 65,500 Cycles 1 Cycle 2 Cycles or 1%

The pickup accuracy applies to 60 Hz models at a range of 57 to 63 Hz, and to 50 Hz models at a range of 47 to

53 Hz. Beyond these ranges, the accuracy is



0.1 Hz.

* This range applies to 50 Hz nominal frequency models.

†Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

67N

–9–

M-3425A Generator Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (

cont

Device Setpoint

Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Frequency Accumulation

Bands #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6

High Band #1 50.00 to 67.00 Hz 0.01 Hz 0.02 Hz

40.00 to 57.00 Hz*

Low Band #1–#6 50.00 to 67.00 Hz 0.01 Hz 0.02 Hz

40.00 to 57.00 Hz*

Delay #1–#6 3 to 360,000 Cycles 1 Cycle 2 Cycles or 1%

When using multiple frequency bands, the lower limit of the previous band becomes the upper limit for the next band,

i.e., Low Band #2 is the upper limit for Band #3, and so forth. Frequency bands must be used in sequential order, 1 to

6. Band #1 must be enabled to use Bands #2–#6. If any band is disabled, all following bands are disabled.

When frequency is within an enabled band limit, accumulation time starts (there is an internal ten cycle delay prior to

accumulation) and allows the underfrequency blade resonance to be established to avoid unnecessary accumulation

of time. When duration is greater than set delay, the alarm asserts and a target log entry is made.

The pickup accuracy applies to 60 Hz models at a range of 57 to 63 Hz, and 50 Hz models at a range of 47 to 53 Hz.

Beyond these ranges, the accuracy is



0.1 Hz.

* This range applies to 50 Hz nominal frequency models.

Rate of Change of Frequency

Pickup #1, #2 0.10 to 20.00 Hz/Sec. 0.01 Hz/Sec. 0.05 Hz/Sec. or 5%

Time Delay #1, #2 3 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle + 20 Cycles

Negative Sequence

Voltage Inhibit 0 to 99% 1% 0.5%

Phase Differential Current

Pickup #1, #2 0.20 A to 3.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 5%

(0.04 to 0.60 A) (0.02 A or 5%)

Percent Slope #1, #2 1 to 100% 1% 2%

Time Delay* #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

CT Correction** 0.50 to 2.00 0.01 +1 to -2 Cycles or 1%

*When a time delay of 1 cycle is selected, the response time is less than 1–1/2 cycles.

**The CT Correction factor is multiplied by

Ground (zero sequence) Differential Current

Pickup 0.20 to 10.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 5%

(0.04 to 2.00 A) (0.02 A or 5%)

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles* 1 Cycle +1 to -2 Cycles or 1%

CT Ratio Correction (RC) 0.10 to 7.99 0.01

*The Time Delay Setting should not be less than 2 Cycles.

The 87GD function is provided primarily for low-impedance grounded generator applications. This function

operates as a directional differential. If 3

is extremely small (less than 0.2 secondary Amps), the element

becomes non-directional.

If 67N function with

(Residual) operating current is enabled, 87GD will not be available. Also, if 50DT is used

for split-phase differential, 87GD function will not be available.

†Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

81R

81A

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