Antminer APW9 Operating manual
APW9 Power Supply Maintenance Guide
1
Instructions for Power Supply Maintenance
Version date: 2019.9.5
File Category: Maintenance Guide
Content of this Volume: It mainly describes the troubleshooting of various faults of the
power supply APW9, and how to use the test tool for accurate troubleshooting.
※The copyright of this article belongs to Bitmain. The article shall solely be reprinted, extracted or used in
any other ways with the permission of the copyright owner. Please contact Bitmain official customer
service if there is any need of reprinting or quoting.
I. Requirements on the Maintenance Platform
※The constant temperature soldering iron above 80W (soldering temperature: 300-350°C). The tip
soldering iron head is used for soldering chip resistors and capacitors. The blade type soldering iron
head is used for soldering and replacement of plug-in components (soldering temperature: 380-
420°C)
2. The thermal chimney is used for chip disassembly and soldering, be careful not to heat for a long
time to avoid PCB foaming (soldering temperature: 260°C ±2 °C).
3. TheAC controllable power supply voltage regulator (output 200-250V, can limit 0-20A current)
is used forAPW8 power-on inspection. If there is no such condition, a 100W ordinary light bulb
can also be strung on theAC fire line with mains. Be careful.
4. For electronic load (power 3.6KW, meet the voltage 0-50V), if there is no such condition, a
resistive load that matches the APW9 can also be made.
5. The multimeter, suction gun, tweezers, V9-1.2 test jig and special power test card firmware (if
there is condition, an oscilloscope can be configured).
6. Flux, lead-free tin wire, water for cleaning panel with anhydrous alcohol; water for cleaning
panel is used to clean flux residue and appearance after maintenance.
7. Thermally conductive silicone grease (2500) is used to repair the thermal conduction between the
MOS and the cooling fin, thermal conductive silicone (704 silica gel) is used for fixing and
covering the glue damage at the original after the repair of the PCBAcomponents
II. Requirements on Maintenance Operations
1. The maintenance personnel must have certain electronic knowledge, more than one year of
maintenance experience, and a certain understanding of the working principle of switching power
supply, and well master the soldering technology.
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2. Before the product is opened and the PCBA panel is repaired, the large capacitor must be
discharged, and the voltage must be measured with a multimeter (less than 5V discharge), and then
the soldering operation can be performed! Be sure to confirm to avoid electric shock.
3. Pay attention to the working method when judging the circuit components. After replacing any
device, the PCB panel has no obvious deformation, the soldering of bonding pad is reliable, and the
replacement parts and the surrounding area have no problem such as insufficient parts, open circuit
or short circuit.
4. After replacing the key components, the main circuit shall have no short circuit and other obvious
abnormalities before the AC voltage test, otherwise there is a hidden danger of explosion.
5. It needsAC220V voltage to judge the circuit signal; pay attention to operational protection.
The following: Notes, key slogans:
● Maintenance personnel qualifications must meet the specified requirements;
● Instruments and equipment used for maintenance must meet the specified
requirements;
● The instruments and equipment for maintenance must be effectively grounded, and
the maintenance environment must comply with anti-static requirements;
● Materials used for maintenance must meet the specified requirements; in order to
guarantee the accuracy and traceability of the materials used for maintenance, the
materials used for maintenance must be the production materials for the corresponding
models, and the material replacement must be confirmed;
1. In order to prevent possible electric shock hazard, non-professionals should not
disassemble the enclosure:
2. The maintenance personnel shall use a special enclosure opener to open the enclosure
of power adapter and repair, to avoid damage to the internal components of the product:
3. After the product is opened, it is required to discharge the high voltage capacitor;
4. E-waste waste generated during product maintenance cannot be arbitrarily dropped:
5. Bad products must have a repair process card and indicate the cause of the failure, and
placed separately;
6. The repaired products must be well marked to distinguish.
7. The repaired products must be placed in the repaired area and shall be systematically
tested before they can be stored.
III. The Principle and Structure of the Power Supply
1. Principle overview
1. APW9 is composed of 1 large board, 3 fans and the upper and lower shell. The normal two input
channels are connected with AC220V and have two output voltages of DC, which are respectively
SB 12V. The main output voltage is 14.5v-21v, which is controlled by PIC port and communication
with the miner.
1.2 Performance characteristics and range of use are described below:
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APW9 power supply is a high-efficiency DC power supply designed and manufactured by our
company. It has single-phase AC input and two DC outputs:
1>. 14.5V-21V voltage adjustable output, the maximum current can reach 170A；
2>. 12V voltage fixed output, the current can reach 12A。
he adjustable output part of voltage can meet the common DC load use within 170A
current of the adjustable voltage range, especially suitable for circumstances with strict
requirements for power supply of servers and mining machines; the 12V voltage’s fixed
output part can meet the use of control panel and cooling fin.
1.21 The are following characteristics:
The characteristics are as follows:
200-240V voltage input
There is protection for undervoltage, short circuit, overload, over temperature, with
automatic recovery after fault removal
The use of high-quality devices ensures stable and reliable products through reasonable
design, and can work at full load for a long time in a high temperature environment at 50°C
or lower.
Small size, high power density
1.3 Appearance of APW9 Power Supply
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Note: If you need to turn on the default voltage 21.32V test, you can use the
adapter cable to short connect the voltage Pin EN to GND.
Air Inlet
AC Input
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● Distribution on the front panel of the power supply: two triangle-shape AC input
interface
three size-4028 high speed fans
●Distribution on the left side of the power supply: four PCB-33 copper soldering
terminals with adjustable voltage output
one 4Pin signal terminal
one 12V fixed voltage output PCIE terminal
●Distribution on the rear panel of the power supply: cooling vent，it forms the outlet of
the high-speed fan.
●The model of the AC input terminal on the power supply front panel is C14, and theAC
input cable of the C13 interface is required.
●The 4Pin signal terminal is the interface between the external control panel and the
power supply. The SDA/SCL is the I2C protocol, and can adjust the output voltage of the
power supply through I2C. EN is the enable signal of the power supply, and the control
panel can enable the power supply through EN, which is effective in low level.
●The output part of the adjustable voltage adopts four PCB-33 copper soldering terminals,
90-degree side foot binding posts, M4 high current horizontal fixed seat; the 2 terminals
close to the air outlet are output positive poles, and 2 near signal terminals are output
negative poles, the output line or output copper bar can be fixed on terminal by M4 screw,
which is convenient and flexible to use.
●The output part of the 12V fixed voltage uses the PCIE output terminal. The PCIE
output terminal diagram is as follows:
1.4 Parameters of APW9 Power Supply:
OUT1
DC voltage
14.5V-21V
Rated current (at
220V input)
170A
Rated power (at
220V input)
3600W
Ripple and noise
<1%
Source
regulation rate
<1%
The PCIE output line consists of two color
lines, the 12V positive line is yellow, and the
negative line is black.
Definition of 6PIN PCIE terminal positive
and negative poles:
Positive pole: yellow 1, yellow 2, yellow 3
Negative pole: black 4, black 5, black 6
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Load regulation
rate
<1%
Startup, rise
time
<2S
Power down
holding time
>10mS
OUT2
DC voltage
12.3V
Rated current (at
220V input)
12A
Ripple and noise
<1%
Voltage
accuracy
12.2V---12.4V
Source
regulation rate
<1%
Load regulation
rate
<1%
Startup, rise
time
<2S
Power down
holding time
>10mS
Input
Voltage range
200-240VAC（two
channels）
Frequency range
47-63Hz
Power factor
>0.99(full load)
Leakage current
<1.5mA（220V 50Hz）
protection
Input
undervoltage
protection value
80-89VAC
Output short
circuit
Yes
Output
overcurrent
protection value
95-130A
Over
Yes S
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temperature
protection
Environment
Operating
temperature
-20-60℃
Working
humidity
20%-90%RH(no
condensation)
Altitude
Lower than 2000m
structure
Size
204.8SSS*157*42.5mm
Net weight
About 3.2Kg
Cooling method
Forced air cooling
Noise
67dBA
2. Maintenance ideas and cases of common faults
2.1. Block diagram for power basic principle
AC input 200V- 240V：AC input of 200V-240V
EMIcircuit: EMI circuit
rectifying circuit: Rectifier circuit
PFC circuit: PFC circuit
VBUS filtering circuit:
12V main control /VCC circuit:
12V, FAN power supply and feedback circuit:
PWM main switch MOS circuit:
Isolation drive: Isolation drive
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VCC-PWM main control chip driver circuit:
LLC--- main transformer buck DC conversion circuit:
Synchronous rectifying filter main output 14.5v-21v circuit port:
Sample feedback voltage stabilization:
PWM main switch MOS circuit:
Parallel output 12V circuit port:
PIC recording and communication control circuit:
2.2 Power PCBA board layout
Layout description: 1A-- first AC input and EMI circuit, 1B- PFC and main shunt MOS
circuit, 1C-- 12V auxiliary and VCC circuit.
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2A-- secondAC input and EMI circuit, 2B-- PFC and main shunt MOS circuit, 2C-- 12V
auxiliary and VCC circuit, 2D- 12V output port and PIC communication port
Physical picture, there will be small differences in product versions, but the principle is
similar.
2.21 Two AC input EMI to PFC circuit schematic diagram, such asAC 1 key measure F1
insurance, U2 rectifier bridge, whether there is any damage in Q4, D7, D5, D6 (the other
check method is the same). Note that if MOS is damaged, the drive resistance and circuit may
be damaged synchronously and need to be replaced. During normal operation, it can be
judged that the DC voltage at both ends of the large capacitor is 410-420v.
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2.22 Two 12V auxiliary circuit and fan power supply principle, such as 12V 1 channel first to
measure whether voltage detection starting resistor R33, 47K and HV connected to D1, D2
are interlinked, and whether there is any damage in F3, Q5, D8, D9, T1 (the same way as the
other way). 12V output, the following circuit is converted from front-end two-way 12V series
final control to output +12V ore feeder control board
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