Analog Devices ADSP-21261 SHARC Application guide

ADSP-2126x SHARC®Processor

Hardware Reference

Includes ADSP-21261, ADSP-21262

ADSP-21266, ADSP-21267

Revision 5.1, April 2013

Part Number

82-002002-01

Analog Devices, Inc.

One Technology Way

Norwood, Mass. 02062-9106

ment may not be reproduced in any form without prior, express written

consent from Analog Devices, Inc.

Printed in the USA.

Disclaimer

Analog Devices, Inc. reserves the right to change this product without

prior notice. Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be

accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog

Devices for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of

third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by impli-

cation or otherwise under the patent rights of Analog Devices, Inc.

Trademark and Service Mark Notice

The Analog Devices logo, Blackfin, SHARC, TigerSHARC, CrossCore,

VisualDSP++, and EZ-KIT Lite are registered trademarks of Analog

Devices, Inc.

All other brand and product names are trademarks or service marks of

their respective owners.

ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference iii

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Purpose of This Manual ............................................................. xxxi

Intended Audience ...................................................................... xxxi

Manual Contents ....................................................................... xxxii

What’s New in This Manual ...................................................... xxxiv

Technical Support ..................................................................... xxxiv

Supported Processors .................................................................. xxxv

Product Information .................................................................. xxxv

Analog Devices Web Site ..................................................... xxxvi

EngineerZone ...................................................................... xxxvi

Notation Conventions .............................................................. xxxvii

INTRODUCTION

Design Advantages ........................................................................ 1-1

Architectural Overview ................................................................. 1-4

Contents

iv ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

Processor Core ........................................................................ 1-5

Processing Elements ............................................................ 1-5

Program Sequence Control ................................................. 1-6

Processor Internal Buses ...................................................... 1-9

Processor Peripherals ............................................................. 1-10

Dual-Ported Internal Memory (SRAM) ............................. 1-10

I/O Processor ................................................................... 1-11

Digital Audio Interface (DAI) ........................................... 1-13

Development Tools ..................................................................... 1-13

Differences From Previous SHARCs ............................................ 1-14

Processor Core Enhancements ............................................... 1-15

Processor Internal Bus Changes ............................................. 1-15

Memory Organization Enhancements .................................... 1-16

Parallel Port Enhancements ................................................... 1-16

I/O Architecture Enhancements ............................................ 1-16

Instruction Set Enhancements ............................................... 1-16

PROCESSING ELEMENTS

Numeric Formats .......................................................................... 2-3

IEEE Single-precision Floating-point Data Format ................... 2-4

Extended-precision Floating-Point Format ............................... 2-6

Short Word Floating-Point Format .......................................... 2-7

Packing for Floating-Point Data .............................................. 2-7

Fixed-Point Formats ................................................................ 2-9

ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference v

Contents

Setting Computational Modes ..................................................... 2-12

32-Bit Floating-Point Format (Normal Word) ........................ 2-12

40-Bit Floating-Point Format ................................................. 2-14

16-Bit Floating-Point Format (Short Word) ........................... 2-14

32-Bit Fixed-Point Format ..................................................... 2-15

Rounding Mode .................................................................... 2-15

Using Computational Status ........................................................ 2-16

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) ...................................................... 2-17

ALU Operation ..................................................................... 2-17

ALU Saturation ..................................................................... 2-18

ALU Status Flags ................................................................... 2-19

ALU Instruction Summary .................................................... 2-20

Multiply Accumulator (Multiplier) .............................................. 2-23

Multiplier Operation ............................................................. 2-23

Multiplier Result Register (Fixed-Point) ................................. 2-24

Multiplier Status Flags ........................................................... 2-27

Multiplier Instruction Summary ............................................ 2-28

Barrel Shifter (Shifter) ................................................................. 2-30

Shifter Operation .................................................................. 2-31

Shifter Status Flags ................................................................ 2-35

Shifter Instruction Summary .................................................. 2-36

Data Register File ........................................................................ 2-38

Alternate (Secondary) Data Registers ........................................... 2-40

Multifunction Computations ...................................................... 2-41

Contents

vi ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

Secondary Processing Element (PEy) ........................................... 2-45

Dual Compute Units Sets ...................................................... 2-47

Dual Register Files ................................................................ 2-49

Dual Alternate Registers ........................................................ 2-50

SIMD and Status Flags .......................................................... 2-50

SIMD (Computational) Operations ....................................... 2-50

PROGRAM SEQUENCER

Instruction Pipeline ...................................................................... 3-4

Instruction Cache ......................................................................... 3-5

Bus Conflicts .......................................................................... 3-5

Block Conflicts ....................................................................... 3-7

Using the Cache ...................................................................... 3-8

Optimizing Cache Usage ......................................................... 3-9

Branches and Sequencing ............................................................ 3-11

Conditional Branches ............................................................ 3-12

Delayed Branches .................................................................. 3-13

Loop and Status Stacks and Sequencing ....................................... 3-16

Conditional Sequencing .............................................................. 3-17

Core Stalls .................................................................................. 3-21

Execution Stalls ..................................................................... 3-23

DAG Stalls ........................................................................... 3-24

Memory Stalls ....................................................................... 3-24

IOP Register Stalls ................................................................ 3-24

DMA Stalls ........................................................................... 3-24

ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference vii

Contents

Loops and Sequencing ................................................................. 3-25

Restrictions on Ending Loops ................................................ 3-27

Restrictions on Short Loops ................................................... 3-28

Loop Address Stack ............................................................... 3-31

Loop Counter Stack .............................................................. 3-32

Reading From LCNTR in a LOOP .................................... 3-36

SIMD Mode and Sequencing ...................................................... 3-36

Conditional Compute Operations .......................................... 3-38

Conditional Branches and Loops ........................................... 3-38

Conditional Data Moves ........................................................ 3-38

Case #1: Complementary Register Pair Data Move ............. 3-39

Example 1: Register-to-Memory Move – PEx Explicit Register

3-39

Example 2: Register Move – PEy Explicit Register .......... 3-40

Example 3: Register-to-Memory Move – PEx Explicit Register

3-40

Example 4: Register-to-Memory Move – PEy Explicit Register

3-41

Case #2: Uncomplimentary-to-Complementary Register Move 3-42

Example: Register Moves – Uncomplimentary-to-Complementary

3-42

Case #3: Complementary-to-Uncomplimentary Register Move 3-43

Example: Register Moves – Complementary-to-Uncomplimentary

3-43

Contents

viii ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

Case #4: External Memory or IOP Memory Space Data Move 3-44

Example: Register-to-Memory Moves – External or IOP Memory

Space Data Move ....................................................... 3-44

Case #5: Uncomplimentary Register Data Move ................ 3-45

Conditional DAG Operations ............................................... 3-45

Timer and Sequencing ................................................................ 3-46

Interrupts and Sequencing .......................................................... 3-48

Delayed Interrupt Processing ................................................. 3-52

Sensing Interrupts ................................................................. 3-53

Masking Interrupts ............................................................... 3-54

Latching Interrupts ............................................................... 3-55

Stacking Status During Interrupts .......................................... 3-56

Nesting Interrupts ................................................................. 3-58

Reusing Interrupts ................................................................ 3-60

Interrupting IDLE ................................................................ 3-61

Summary .................................................................................... 3-61

DATA ADDRESS GENERATORS

Setting DAG Modes ..................................................................... 4-4

Circular Buffering Mode ......................................................... 4-5

Broadcast Loading Mode ......................................................... 4-5

Alternate (Secondary) DAG Registers ...................................... 4-6

Bit-Reverse Addressing Mode .................................................. 4-8

Using DAG Status ........................................................................ 4-9

ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference ix

Contents

DAG Operations ........................................................................... 4-9

Addressing With DAGs ......................................................... 4-10

Data Addressing Stalls ........................................................... 4-12

Addressing Circular Buffers ................................................... 4-12

Modifying DAG Registers ...................................................... 4-17

Addressing in SISD and SIMD Modes ................................... 4-18

DAGs, Registers, and Memory .................................................... 4-19

DAG Register-to-Bus Alignment ............................................ 4-19

DAG Register Transfer Restrictions ........................................ 4-21

DAG Instruction Summary ......................................................... 4-23

MEMORY

Internal Memory ........................................................................... 5-2

DSP Architecture .................................................................... 5-2

Buses ............................................................................................ 5-3

Internal Address and Data Buses .............................................. 5-4

Internal Data Bus Exchange ..................................................... 5-6

ADSP-2126x Memory Map ......................................................... 5-10

Memory Organization and Word Size .................................... 5-12

Placing 32-Bit Words and 48-Bit Words ............................ 5-13

Mixing 32-Bit Words and 48-Bit Words ............................ 5-14

Restrictions on Mixing 32-Bit Words and 48-Bit Words ..... 5-16

Example: Calculating a Starting Address for 32-Bit Addresses 5-17

48-Bit Word Allocation ..................................................... 5-17

Internal Interrupt Vector Table .............................................. 5-18

Contents

x ADSP-2126x SHARC Processor Hardware Reference

Internal Memory Data Width ................................................ 5-18

Secondary Processor Element (PEy) ....................................... 5-19

Broadcast Register Loads ....................................................... 5-20

Illegal I/O Processor Register Access ...................................... 5-21

Unaligned 64-Bit Memory Access .......................................... 5-21

Using Memory Access Status ....................................................... 5-22

Accessing Memory ...................................................................... 5-22

Access Word Size ................................................................... 5-23

Long Word (64-Bit) Accesses ............................................ 5-23

Instruction and Extended-Precision Normal Word Accesses 5-25

Normal Word (32-Bit) Accesses ........................................ 5-26

Short Word (16-Bit) Accesses ............................................ 5-26

Setting Data Access Modes .................................................... 5-27

SYSCTL Register Control Bits .......................................... 5-27

Mode 1 Register Control Bits ............................................ 5-27

Mode 2 Register Control Bits ............................................ 5-28

SISD, SIMD, and Broadcast Load Modes .............................. 5-28

Single- and Dual-Data Accesses ............................................. 5-28

Instruction Examples ........................................................ 5-29

Shadow Write FIFO ................................................................... 5-29

Internal Memory Access Listings ................................................. 5-30

Short Word Addressing of Single-Data in SISD Mode ............ 5-32

Short Word Addressing of Dual-Data in SISD Mode .............. 5-34

Short Word Addressing of Single-Data in SIMD Mode .......... 5-36

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