A&T Qulon-12m User manual
Lead acid battery
capacity indicator
Qulon-12m
User's manual
2005
А&T
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Thank you for purchasing. Your lead acid battery ca-
pacity indicator Qulon-12m is destined for fast battery capac-
ity estimation. With the help of the device, you can test new or
used 12-volt lead acid batteries. This will help you to con-
demn defective batteries or batteries that have lost capacity.
With Qulon-12m, you will always keep your battery systems in
perfect working order.
Qulon-12m is designed for years of reliable work and
does not need any service.
Please read this manual! It contains significant in-
structions for using battery capacity indicator. Following this
manual, you will keep device working and your batteries
ready to take critical loads.
Keep this manual! In contains important safety pre-
cautions and warranty information.
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Contents
Introduction 4
1. Safety precautions 5
2. General description 6
3. Battery capacity estimation 7
3.1. What is battery capacity 7
3.1.1. Dependence between battery capacity and
discharge current 7
3.1.2. Battery capacity and battery state of charge 8
3.1.3. Temperature dependencies 8
3.1.4. New batteries 9
3.2. Battery capacity estimation with Qulon-12m 9
3.2.1. Device placement 9
3.2.2. Battery preparation 10
3.2.3. Connection to a battery 10
3.2.4. Battery state of charge 11
3.2.5. Battery capacity estimation 12
3.3. Qulon’s screen during battery capacity estimation13
3.3.1. Screen under “save by default” mode 13
3.3.2. Screen under “save by command” mode 15
4. Alarm messages 15
5. Memory 17
5.1. Memory organisation 17
5.2. Two save modes 18
5.3. Main menu 19
5.3.1. Close group 20
5.3.2. Records 21
5.3.3. Clear memory 22
5.3.4. Options 23
6. Adjusting Qulon 23
6.1. Options menu 24
6.2. Save mode 25
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6.2.1. Save by default 25
6.2.2. Save by command 25
6.3. Calibrate (coefficient adjustment) 26
6.4. Filtration 27
6.5. Language 28
7. Calibrating Qulon (coefficient determination) 29
7.1. Coefficient from the producer’s site 30
7.2. Measured discharge method 31
7.3. Method of average 33
7.4. Method of maximum 33
7.5. Method of battery history 34
8 Appendix: test cable checking 35
9. Specifications 36
Warranty 37
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Introduction
The life of lead acid batteries is limited to several
years and while working batteries loose capacity. When the
battery capacity becomes unacceptably small, battery needs
to be replaced. It is exceptionally important to determine
correct time of battery replacement. If a battery is replaced
too early – the owner of a battery looses money. If a battery is
replaced too late, the loss could be even larger.
Qulon-12m - lead acid battery capacity indicator is a
device for battery capacity estimation. With Qulon, one can
sort 12-volt batteries by their capacity and reject batteries that
have lost capacity.
Memory for keeping test results helps user during
testing large amount of batteries.
The battery capacity estimation is based on the de-
pendence between battery capacity and battery ability to con-
duct electric current. Battery capacity indicator sends a test
pulse to a battery and analyses the battery answer. Qulon-
12m utilises the most up-to-date method of battery capacity
estimation taking into account the multifrequency battery re-
sponse to test pulses.
Different battery producers use different technologies
and battery designs. Therefore, the dependence between test
pulse form and value and battery answer form and value
could be slightly different. That is why Qulon-12m is not a
high precision device for capacity measurement. It estimates
battery capacity basing on electrical measurement and
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some algorithm saved in Qulon’s microprocessor.
Qulon-12m is calibrated on factory. Using this calibra-
tion, you can estimate the capacity of any 12-volt lead acid
battery. Experienced user can reduce capacity estimation
error by device recalibration basing on the battery with known
capacity.
1. Safety precautions
Unpack Qulon-12m and check if there are any trans-
port damages. If any, appeal to your dealer or the transport
company.
Attention! Lead acid battery under test is a source
of possible danger. Battery terminals shorted with any metal
detail could cause burn or fire. Please adhere to battery
maintenance and service rules.
If battery under test is a part of high voltage battery
system and battery test is conducted without battery disas-
sembly be especially careful. Do not connect test clamps to
several 12-volt batteries connected in series. If such case,
device will not switch on. If summary voltage exceeds 400
volts device could be damaged.
Qulon-12m is a complicated device. Do not try to dis-
assemble it. There are parts that need service inside. The
device should be repaired only by certified personal.
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Attention! Do not use device with back lid opened.
2. General description
There is a LCD display in the center of Qulon’s front
panel. It is used to show ampere-hour capacity, battery volt-
age and additional information: adjustment coefficient, num-
ber of recorded measurements and current croup of records.
Qulon has memory for recording results of battery tests. The
maximum number of recorded results is 200. User is free to
separate recorded results to as many as 26 groups.
If it is impossible to estimate battery capacity because
of some reasons, alarms are shown at the display.
There are two control buttons on the front panel to the
left of display.
Right panel of Qulon is the place for test cable con-
nector. Qulon is supplied with special test cables that use
four-wire (Kelvin) connection. This type of connection is used
in order to diminish contact resistance influence on the devise
results.
There is a connection diagram under the back lid of
the device.
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3. Battery capacity estimation
3.1. What is battery capacity
Battery capacity is an electrical charge (quantity of
electricity) that battery can deliver under specified conditions.
Usually battery capacity is expressed in ampere-hours (A*h or
Ah). Capacity equals to discharge current (in amperes) multi-
plied by discharge time (in hours). Battery producers rate
nominal battery capacity for some standard conditions. Usu-
ally (but not necessary), these conditions are: 20-hour dis-
charge time, 20oC discharge temperature and 1.75 V final
battery voltage (voltage limit at which discharge is considered
to be complete).
3.1.1. Dependence between battery capacity and
discharge current
Charge that a battery can deliver depends on the dis-
charge current (discharge time). If discharge current grows
(discharge time decreases), the battery capacity decreases.
This dependence is an individual property of a specific bat-
tery. The dependence between relative battery capacity and
discharge time for LCL-12V33AP battery is given in the table
below.
Discharge time,
hours
Relative capacity, %
0,1 37
0,3 48
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Discharge time,
hours
Relative capacity, %
0,7 53
1,9 76
4,2 84
9,2 92
20 100
Qulon-12m always shows capacity for 20-hour dis-
charge time. If you discharge your battery during smaller time,
the capacity will reduce.
3.1.2. Battery capacity and battery state of charge
We need to distinguish capacity and state of charge.
Capacity is the quantity of electricity that a fully charged bat-
tery can deliver. State of charge is a characteristic giving in-
formation on the degree to which the capacity is filled. For
example 33Ah battery can contain 33 A*h if a battery is fully
charged and 10 A*h if the battery charge is not full.
Qulon-12m estimates capacity of fully charged battery
and can’ be used to determine state of charge.
3.1.3. Temperature dependencies
While testing battery under low or high tem-
perature, dependence of battery capacity from the tempera-
ture should be taken into account. Qulon-12m always shows
the capacity that a battery could deliver during next discharge
under the same condition. That is why if you get estimated
capacity under plus 20oC as large as 20 A*h
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you should not be surprised if the same battery will deliver
only 10 A*h during discharge under minus 20oC.
Factory calibration of Qulon-12m is conducted for use
under room temperature (about 20oC). Therefore, in order to
get most precise results of battery capacity estimation, keep
batteries under room temperature before test for the time
needed for temperature equalising.
3.1.4. New batteries
The majority of lead acid batteries increase capacity
after their first discharge-charge cycles. That is why while
testing absolutely new batteries (the batteries that never were
charged or discharged) you could get estimated capacity less
then rated (may be by 10 or 15 %). This is usual – the battery
will increase capacity after several cycles (or several months
under float charge).
3.2. Battery capacity estimation with Qu-
lon-12m
3.2.1. Device placement
Qulon-12m can work in any position horizontal or ver-
tical.
To avoid device errors do not use it near the sources
of large electromagnetic noise. .
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